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Medicina
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The Glioblastoma Multimodal Treatment in the Molecular Era
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The Glioblastoma Multimodal Treatment in the Molecular Era

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 13921

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ştefan Florian

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Neurosurgery, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
2. Department of Neurosurgery, Cluj County Clinical Emergency Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: neuro-oncology; neurovascular surgery; skull base surgery; trauma; pediatric neurosurgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sergiu Susman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Histology, Morphological Sciences, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: neuropathology; brain tumors; molecular markers; differential diagnosis; prognostic and predictive factors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alexandru Florian

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Neurosurgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: brain tumors; oncologic surgery; cancer prevention and control

Special Issue Information

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive form of diffuse glioma, being classified as a grade IV tumor. The multimodal treatment represented by the surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is inefficient, offering the patients a median survival of only 14.6 months.

Recently, high-throughput molecular techniques have shed light on the molecular mechanisms involved in the emergence and progression of GBM, opening new directions for future research. New in vitro 3D models, such as genetically engineered brain organoids, have allowed us to study GBM formation and to develop personalized treatments. Identification of glioblastoma stem-like cells and the markers involved in treatment resistance may offer responses that will help us increase patient survival and quality of life.

Given the importance of this new direction in research, the journal Medicina is launching a Special Issue entitled “The Glioblastoma Multimodal Treatment in the Molecular Era” to gather accurate information on this topic.

We are pleased to invite you and your co-workers to submit your original research articles spanning from basic to clinical research. We would also like to invite you to submit review articles providing a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms of GBM biology.

Prof. Dr. Ştefan Florian
Dr. Sergiu Susman
Dr. Alexandru Florian
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • glioblastoma
  • multimodal treatment
  • molecular mechanisms
  • in vitro models
  • survival

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1469 KiB  
Article
External Validation of a Convolutional Neural Network for IDH Mutation Prediction
by Iona Hrapșa, Ioan Alexandru Florian, Sergiu Șușman, Marius Farcaș, Lehel Beni and Ioan Stefan Florian
Medicina 2022, 58(4), 526; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58040526 - 9 Apr 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3062
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase) status represents one of the main prognosis factors for gliomas. However, determining it requires invasive procedures and specialized surgical skills. Medical imaging such as MRI is essential in glioma diagnosis and management. Lately, fields such [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: The IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase) status represents one of the main prognosis factors for gliomas. However, determining it requires invasive procedures and specialized surgical skills. Medical imaging such as MRI is essential in glioma diagnosis and management. Lately, fields such as Radiomics and Radiogenomics emerged as pertinent prediction tools for extracting molecular information out of medical images. These fields are based on Artificial Intelligence algorithms that require external validation in order to evaluate their general performance. The aim of this study was to provide an external validation for the algorithm formulated by Yoon Choi et al. of IDH status prediction using preoperative common MRI sequences and patient age. Material and Methods: We applied Choi’s IDH status prediction algorithm on T1c, T2 and FLAIR preoperative MRI images of gliomas (grades WHO II-IV) of 21 operated adult patients from the Neurosurgery clinic of the Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital (CCECH), Cluj-Napoca Romania. We created a script to automate the testing process with DICOM format MRI sequences as input and IDH predicted status as output. Results: In terms of patient characteristics, the mean age was 48.6 ± 15.6; 57% were female and 43% male; 43% were IDH positive and 57% IDH negative. The proportions of WHO grades were 24%, 14% and 62% for II, III and IV, respectively. The validation test achieved a relative accuracy of 76% with 95% CI of (53%, 92%) and an Area Under the Curve (AUC) through DeLong et al. method of 0.74 with 95% CI of (0.53, 0.91) and a p of 0.021. Sensitivity and Specificity were 0.78 with 95% CI of (0.45, 0.96) and 0.75 with 95% CI of (0.47, 0.91), respectively. Conclusions: Although our results match the external test the author made on The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) online dataset, performance of the algorithm on external data is still not high enough for clinical application. Radiogenomic approaches remain a high interest research field that may provide a rapid and accurate diagnosis and prognosis of patients with intracranial glioma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Glioblastoma Multimodal Treatment in the Molecular Era)
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9 pages, 3505 KiB  
Article
Tectorigenin Inhibits Glioblastoma Proliferation by G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest
by Liang-Tsai Yeh, Li-Sung Hsu, Yi-Hsuan Chung and Chih-Jung Chen
Medicina 2020, 56(12), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56120681 - 10 Dec 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2539
Abstract
Background and objectives: Glioblastoma is one of the leading cancer-related causes of death of the brain region and has an average 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of tectorigenin, a naturally occurring [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: Glioblastoma is one of the leading cancer-related causes of death of the brain region and has an average 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of tectorigenin, a naturally occurring flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor properties, as a treatment for glioblastoma. A further goal was to use in vitro models to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Exposure to tectorigenin for 24 h dose-dependently reduced the viability of glioblastoma cells. Results: Significant cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase occurred in the presence of 200 and 300 µM tectorigenin. Treatment with tectorigenin clearly reduced the levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (p-RB) and decreased the expression of cyclin-dependent protein 4 (CDK4). Tectorigenin treatment also significantly enhanced the expression of p21, a CDK4 inhibitor. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings indicated that tectorigenin inhibited the proliferation of glioblastoma cells by cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Glioblastoma Multimodal Treatment in the Molecular Era)
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Review

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13 pages, 1351 KiB  
Review
Ferroptosis Involvement in Glioblastoma Treatment
by Andrei-Otto Mitre, Alexandru Ioan Florian, Andrei Buruiana, Armand Boer, Ioana Moldovan, Olga Soritau, Stefan Ioan Florian and Sergiu Susman
Medicina 2022, 58(2), 319; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58020319 - 20 Feb 2022
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 7290
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the deadliest brain tumors. Current standard therapy includes tumor resection surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Due to the tumors invasive nature, recurrences are almost a certainty, giving the patients after diagnosis only a 12–15 months average [...] Read more.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the deadliest brain tumors. Current standard therapy includes tumor resection surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Due to the tumors invasive nature, recurrences are almost a certainty, giving the patients after diagnosis only a 12–15 months average survival time. Therefore, there is a dire need of finding new therapies that could potentially improve patient outcomes. Ferroptosis is a newly described form of cell death with several implications in cancer, among which GBM. Agents that target different molecules involved in ferroptosis and that stimulate this process have been described as potentially adjuvant anti-cancer treatment options. In GBM, ferroptosis stimulation inhibits tumor growth, improves patient survival, and increases the efficacy of radiation and chemotherapy. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding ferroptosis modulation in GBM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Glioblastoma Multimodal Treatment in the Molecular Era)
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