Dear Colleagues,

Around the world, fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common pregnancy complication and a major contributor to stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and both short- and long-term neonatal morbidity. It has been suggested that FGR should be broadly divided into early-onset (<32 weeks) and late-onset (>32 weeks) FGR based on gestational age at diagnosis. Late-onset FGR is the most common form of FGR, with a prevalence of 5–10%. Unlike early-onset FGR, it is usually milder, is less likely to be associated with pre-eclampsia, and is usually associated with normal umbilical artery Doppler. In comparison to late-onset FGR, early-onset FGR has a prevalence of 0.5–1%, and is typically more severe. Early-onset FGR has a strong correlation with pre-eclampsia, likely due to the underlying placental pathology (maternal vascular malperfusion), which is frequently similar to that seen in early-onset pre-eclampsia. Since the umbilical artery and ductus venosus' Doppler changes typically follow a predictable pattern, early-onset FGR is typically easier to identify. The underlying mechanisms of the prevention, therapeutic intervention, and diagnosis of FGR and pre-eclampsia are ongoing priorities for researchers and practitioners in this field.

This Special Issue aims to attract original research as well as review articles describing all aspects of pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction, including but not limited to pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis, treatment strategies, and short- and long-term consequences.

Topics will include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms;
• Prevention;
• Diagnosis and prognosis;
• New approaches of managing pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction;
• Short/long-term consequences.

Dr. Cristian Furau
Dr. Izabella Petre
Dr. Cosmin Citu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• preeclampsia
• fetal growth restriction
• ultrasonography
• newborn complications
• prevention
• diagnosis of FGR
• management
• pathophysiology