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Fatigue Properties and Damage Mechanisms of Polymeric Composites

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2020) | Viewed by 10333

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Prof. Dr. Alberto D’Amore

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Guest Editor

Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 19, 81031 Aversa, Italy
Interests: viscoelasticity; polymer processing; fatigue; nanocomposites; structural modeling; residual stresses; damage mechanics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

I have been invited as Guest Editor for a Special Issue of Materials on “Fatigue Properties and Damage Mechanisms of Polymeric Composites”. Both “fatigue” and “damage mechanisms” of polymeric composites are “open” chapters within the area of materials engineering and science, and many issues around these subjects are debated. These include, but are not limited to, fatigue under constant and variable amplitude loadings, responses of laminates under low-velocity impact loading, the effects of temperature and frequency under dynamic loadings. Contributions on the above and related subjects from both the theoretical and the phenomenological point of view are welcome. However, circumventing the subject complexity requires multidisciplinary approaches from both academic and industrial researchers, and this is the reason why mechanical and aerospace engineers and materials scientists are kindly invited to contribute to this Special Issue.

My Best Regards

Prof. Alberto D'Amore
Guest Editor

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Keywords

Fatigue
Low-velocity impact
Strength
Temperature effects
Rate-of-loading effects

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4262 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characterization and Quantitative Analysis of Crack Precursor Size for Rubber Composites

by Hao Guo, Fanzhu Li, Shipeng Wen, Haibo Yang and Liqun Zhang

Materials 2019, 12(20), 3442; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203442 - 21 Oct 2019

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3123

Abstract

In the field of engineering, the annual economic loss caused by material fatigue failure reaches 4% of the total economic output. The deep understanding of rubber fatigue failure can help develop and prepare rubber composites with high durability. The crack precursor sizes within the rubber composites are vital for the material mechanical and fatigue properties. In this study, we adopted three different characterization methods to analyze crack precursor sizes and their distribution. First, based on the theoretical formula of fracture mechanics, the size of the crack precursor was deduced from 180 μm to 500 μm by the uniaxial tensile experiment combined with tear test (nicked angle tear, planar tear and trouser tear). Second, by combining the uniaxial fatigue test of dumbbell specimen with the fatigue crack growth rate test, the average size of the crack precursor was calculated as 3.3 μm based on the Thomas fatigue crack growth model. Third, the average size of the crack precursor was 3.6 μm obtained by scanning electron microscope. Through theoretical calculations and experimental tests, the size and distribution of the crack precursors of rubber composites were systematically presented. This work can provide theoretical guidance for the improvement of fatigue performance of rubber composites. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties and Damage Mechanisms of Polymeric Composites)

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14 pages, 2006 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Study of Phenomenological Residual Strength Models for Composite Materials Subjected to Fatigue: Predictions at Constant Amplitude (CA) Loading

by Alberto D’Amore and Luigi Grassia

Materials 2019, 12(20), 3398; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203398 - 17 Oct 2019

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 1832

Abstract

The most popular methods of characterizing a composite’s fatigue properties and predicting its life are phenomenological, meaning the micro-mechanisms of composite structures under cyclic loading are not treated. In addition, in order to characterize the fatigue properties, only macro-parameters, namely strength and/or stiffness, are adopted. Residual strength models are mostly used in practice, given their strong relationship with safety and reliability. Indeed, since failure occurs when the strength degrades to the peak stress of fatigue loading, the remaining strength is used as a failure index. In this paper, based on a wide set of literature data, we summarize the capabilities of four models, namely Caprino’s, D’Amore’s, Sendekyj’s, and Kassapoglou’s models. The models are briefly described and then applied to the same data set, which is re-elaborated. The selected experimental data are recovered from a large experimental campaign carried out by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Specimens of the same material were subjected to different loading in terms of peak stress, σ_max, and stress ratio, R = σ_min/σ_max, ranging from pure tension (0 < R < 1) to prevalent tension (−1 < R < 0) to tension-compression (R = −1) to pure compression (1 < R < ∞). The data represent a formidable test bed to comparatively evaluate the models’ capabilities and their predictive prerogatives. The models are also tested with respect to their ability to replicate the principal responses’ feature of composite materials subjected to constant amplitude (CA) loadings. It is shown that Caprino’s and D’Amore’s models are equally capable of adequately fitting the experimental fatigue life data under given loading conditions and predicting the fatigue behavior at different loading ratios, R, with two fixed parameters. Sendekyj’s model required different parameters’ sets for each loading condition, and Kassapoglou’s model was unable to fit the majority of fatigue life data. When compared on the basis of the residual strength data, only the recently developed D’Amore’s model revealed its reliability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties and Damage Mechanisms of Polymeric Composites)

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14 pages, 1709 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Principal Features of Fatigue and Residual Strength of Composite Materials Subjected to Constant Amplitude (CA) Loading

by Alberto D’Amore and Luigi Grassia

Materials 2019, 12(16), 2586; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12162586 - 14 Aug 2019

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2416

Abstract

This paper summarizes the principal features of composites’ responses when subjected to constant amplitude (CA) cyclic loadings. The stochastic nature of the responses; the absence of a detectable fatigue limit; the sudden drop of strength; the general validity of the strength-life equal-rank assumption (SLERA); and, ultimately, the residual strength-life equal-rank assumption (RSLERA) are discussed on the basis of the selected experimental data available in literature. The objective is defining a robust test in order to ascertain the reliability of the phenomenological models. A two-parameter phenomenological model accounting for the maximum cyclic stress, σ_max, and the stress ratio, R = σ_min/σ_max, was used for guidance through the phenomenology of fatigue. It is concluded that the robustness of the models dealing with fatigue can be checked only when the characteristics of the composites’ responses are described simultaneously with fixed parameters. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties and Damage Mechanisms of Polymeric Composites)

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14 pages, 1221 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Constitutive Modeling of the Tensile Behavior of Recycled Polypropylene-Based Composites

by Kui Wang, Yong Peng, Rodrigue Matadi Boumbimba, Nadia Bahlouli, Daniel Pessey, Said Ahzi, Frédéric Addiego and Yves Rémond

Materials 2019, 12(15), 2419; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12152419 - 29 Jul 2019

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2624

Abstract

The effect of reprocessing on the quasi-static uniaxial tensile behavior of two commercial polypropylene (PP)-based composites is experimentally investigated and modeled. In particular, the studied materials consist of an unfilled high-impact PP and a talc-filled high-impact PP. These PP composites are subjected to repeated processing cycles, including a grinding step and an extrusion step to simulate recycling at the laboratory level, the selected reprocessing numbers for this study being 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Because the repeated reprocessing leads to thermo-mechanical degradation by chain scission mechanisms, the tensile behavior of the two materials exhibits a continuous decrease of elastic modulus and failure strain with the increasing amount of reprocessing. A physically consistent three-dimensional constitutive model is used to predict the tensile response of non-recycled materials with strain rate dependence. For the recycled materials, the reprocessing effect is accounted by incorporating the reprocessing sensitive coefficient into the constitutive model for Young’s modulus, failure strain, softening, and hardening equations. Our predictions of true stress—true strain curves for non-recycled and recycled 108MF97 and 7510—are in good agreement with experimental data and can be useful for industries and companies which are looking for a model able to predict the recycling effect on mechanical behavior of polymer-based materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties and Damage Mechanisms of Polymeric Composites)

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