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Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications
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Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2019) | Viewed by 32538

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Tobias Fey

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
NITech Doctoral Global Academy, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
Interests: periodic and nonperiodic cellular ceramics and composites, microstructure characterisation (esp. microtomography) and testing, simulation and modeling on µCT-derived microstructure models
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Porosity in ceramic materials is be one of the key features for a wide range of applications. They are used as lightweight structures, filters, acoustic or heat insulation, scaffolds and support structures for catalysis applications.  Besides the low relative density, high temperature, as well local failure resistance, pore interconnectivity and permeability are interesting properties of porous ceramics. As example, they can be used as exhaust diesel filters or catalyst support structure in the automotive industry, as well as for filter or purification systems in the chemical and metal-processing industry, in waste-water treatment, biotechnology, pharmaceutical and food technology. In addition, various porous ceramics, such as cellular lightweight structures, can be used as thermal and acoustic insulators, ceramic heaters and heat exchangers. Porous ceramics show outstanding structural (open/closed pores, cell/pore shape) and physical (mechanical, thermal, electric and acoustic) properties depending on porosity, pore network, pore connectivity and pore shape depending on the fabrication process. With additive manufacturing of more complex structures with designed properties and macrostructure can be made. Adding additional functionalization enhances mechanical, thermal or catalytic properties of homogeneous and non-homogeneous materials. Functionalization can be done by additional active or non-active surface coatings, chemical reactions on the surface, increasing surface area by introduction of hierarchy or solid-state reactions between coating and support.

This functional and structural enhancement can lead to a wide variation of porous ceramic materials covering an extensive range of structural and physical properties.

This Special Issue aims to cover research of relevance to novel processing techniques in particular on functionalization of physical and structural properties of porous and cellular ceramics. Focus will be processing on characterisation and testing setup for physical and structural properties, simulation and optimization methods.

The scopes of this Special Issue include, without being limited to, the following themes: Processing methods and technologies, functionalization, hierarchical porosity, the influence of porosity on various properties, pore forming mechanisms, microstructure evaluation, physical and structural characterisation and testing, optimization (including calculations) of properties and processes, simulation of properties over length-scales, and applications of porous ceramics.

Dr. Tobias Fey
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Functionalization
  • Surface and structural enhancement
  • Advanced processing of porous ceramics
  • Adjusting porosity over length scales
  • structure-property relationship
  • simulation/optimization of properties

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3960 KiB  
Article
Advanced Laguerre Tessellation for the Reconstruction of Ceramic Foams and Prediction of Transport Properties
by Christos S. Stiapis, Eugene D. Skouras and Vasilis N. Burganos
Materials 2019, 12(7), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071137 - 8 Apr 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3713
Abstract
Ceramic foams are promising, highly porous materials, with a wide range of specific surface area and low fluid flow resistance, which are well-suited for filtering applications. They are comprised mainly of macrovoids that are interconnected with struts. A branch-shaped reconstruction algorithm is introduced [...] Read more.
Ceramic foams are promising, highly porous materials, with a wide range of specific surface area and low fluid flow resistance, which are well-suited for filtering applications. They are comprised mainly of macrovoids that are interconnected with struts. A branch-shaped reconstruction algorithm is introduced in the present work to reconstruct various ceramic foams from electron microscopy images using the Laguerre tessellation method. Subsequently, the reconstructed samples are used for the numerical calculation of pore structure and transport properties, including specific surface area, tortuosity, effective diffusivity, and flow permeability. Following comparison with experimental data, this reconstruction method is shown to be more reliable than typical analytical expressions that are suggested in the literature for the aforementioned structural and transport properties. Extracting the equivalent pore radius of the reconstructed domains offers improved accuracy of the analytical expressions for the permeability estimation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications)
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18 pages, 11366 KiB  
Article
Alternative Process Routes to Manufacture Porous Ceramics—Opportunities and Challenges
by Uwe Scheithauer, Florian Kerber, Alexander Füssel, Stefan Holtzhausen, Wieland Beckert, Eric Schwarzer, Steven Weingarten and Alexander Michaelis
Materials 2019, 12(4), 663; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12040663 - 22 Feb 2019
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 5971
Abstract
Porous ceramics can be realized by different methods and are used for various applications such as cross-flow membranes or wall-flow filters, porous burners, solar receivers, structural design elements, or catalytic supports. Within this paper, three different alternative process routes are presented, which can [...] Read more.
Porous ceramics can be realized by different methods and are used for various applications such as cross-flow membranes or wall-flow filters, porous burners, solar receivers, structural design elements, or catalytic supports. Within this paper, three different alternative process routes are presented, which can be used to manufacture porous ceramic components with different properties or even graded porosity. The first process route is based on additive manufacturing (AM) of macro porous ceramic components. The second route is based on AM of a polymeric template, which is used to realize porous ceramic components via replica technique. The third process route is based on an AM technology, which allows the manufacturing of multimaterial or multiproperty ceramic components, like components with dense and porous volumes in one complex-shaped component. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications)
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8 pages, 9469 KiB  
Communication
Lamellar-like Electrospun Mesoporous Ti-Al-O Nanofibers
by Oren Elishav, Liz Poliak, Iris Naamat, Vadim Beilin, Gennady E. Shter and Gideon S. Grader
Materials 2019, 12(2), 252; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12020252 - 14 Jan 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3232
Abstract
Ceramic oxides nanofibers are promising materials as catalysts, electrodes and functional materials. In this report, a unique lamellar-like mesoporous structure was realized for the first time in a new system based on titania and alumina. The final structure was found to be highly [...] Read more.
Ceramic oxides nanofibers are promising materials as catalysts, electrodes and functional materials. In this report, a unique lamellar-like mesoporous structure was realized for the first time in a new system based on titania and alumina. The final structure was found to be highly dependent on the process conditions which are outlined herein. In view of the similar architecture we recently obtained with Fe-Al-O fibers, the pore formation mechanism we outline herein is general and is applicable to additional systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications)
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18 pages, 4832 KiB  
Article
Experimental and Numerical Analyses of Temperature-Reducing-Effect by Heat of Water Evaporation on a Moss-Greening Ceramic Utilizing Waste Silica
by Kentaro Yasui, Ayako Tanaka, Kenichi Ito, Minoru Fujisaki and Hiroyuki Kinoshita
Materials 2018, 11(9), 1548; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091548 - 28 Aug 2018
Viewed by 4119
Abstract
To recycle silica byproducts and to moderate the heat-island phenomenon, a porous ceramic was prepared by mixing waste silica powder with clay, and then firing the resultant mixture. By exploiting the high water-absorption capacity of the resulting ceramic, a greening material in which [...] Read more.
To recycle silica byproducts and to moderate the heat-island phenomenon, a porous ceramic was prepared by mixing waste silica powder with clay, and then firing the resultant mixture. By exploiting the high water-absorption capacity of the resulting ceramic, a greening material in which the porous ceramic was covered with moss was produced. The suppression effect of the temperature increase caused by solar-radiant heat on the moss-covered ceramic, was investigated quantitatively using the following procedure. First, the surface temperature change of the water-absorbing moss-covered sample during solar-radiant heat reception, and the amount of water that evaporated from the sample were measured simultaneously. Then, the heat of evaporation was estimated from measurements of the rate of water evaporation. Next, to investigate how much the sample temperature was reduced by heat of water evaporation, the temperature change of the sample when the heat of water evaporation was absorbed from the sample, was simulated by performing Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. The summary of the results was as follows. (1) The primary factor of the temperature-reduction-effects on the moss-covered sample was action of heat of water evaporation. Therefore, the moss-covered sample did not exhibit much of the suppression ability of the temperature increase caused by solar-radiant heat, when the sample did not contain sufficient water. (2) This analytical method enabled us to simulate with a relatively high accuracy, the temperature change of a water-absorbing sample during solar-radiant-heat reception. Especially, the method enabled us to investigate visibly the influence of water evaporation-heat on the sample temperature, in addition to the influences of the emissivity of the sample, and the apparent specific heat and thermal conductivity changes due to water content in the sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications)
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18 pages, 2482 KiB  
Article
Macro Photography as an Alternative to the Stereoscopic Microscope in the Standard Test Method for Microscopical Characterisation of the Air-Void System in Hardened Concrete: Equipment and Methodology
by Fernando Suárez, José J. Conchillo, Jaime C. Gálvez and María J. Casati
Materials 2018, 11(9), 1515; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11091515 - 23 Aug 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3468
Abstract
The determination of the parameters that characterize the air-void system in hardened concrete elements becomes crucial for structures under freezing and thawing cycles. The ASTM C457 standard describes some procedures to accomplish this task, but they are not easy to apply, require specialised [...] Read more.
The determination of the parameters that characterize the air-void system in hardened concrete elements becomes crucial for structures under freezing and thawing cycles. The ASTM C457 standard describes some procedures to accomplish this task, but they are not easy to apply, require specialised equipment, such as a stereoscopic microscope, and result in highly tedious tasks to be performed. This paper describes an alternative procedure to the modified point-count method that is described in the Standard that makes use of macro photography. This alternative procedure uses macro-photographic images that can be obtained with a quite standard photo camera and it is successfully applied to a large set of samples and presents some advantages over the traditional method, since the required equipment is less expensive and provides a more comfortable and less tedious procedure for the operator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications)
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12 pages, 4338 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Particle Shape on Sintering Behavior and Compressive Strength of Porous Alumina
by Kimiya Miyake, Yoshihiro Hirata, Taro Shimonosono and Soichiro Sameshima
Materials 2018, 11(7), 1137; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11071137 - 4 Jul 2018
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 5834
Abstract
Alumina particles with different shapes, such as sphere, rod, and disk, were examined for the sintering behavior and compressive strength of partially sintered porous alumina. While both the spherical and disk-like particles were packed well to the relative density of 61.2–62.3%, the packing [...] Read more.
Alumina particles with different shapes, such as sphere, rod, and disk, were examined for the sintering behavior and compressive strength of partially sintered porous alumina. While both the spherical and disk-like particles were packed well to the relative density of 61.2–62.3%, the packing density of rod-like particles was only 33.5%. The sintering rate of alumina particles increased in the order of disk < rod < sphere. The compressive strength of sintered porous alumina was higher for the spherical particles than for the rod-like and disk-like particles. The uniform distribution of the applied load over many developed grain boundaries contributed to the increase in the compressive strength for the spherical particles. The applied load concentrated on a few grain boundaries of rod-like or disk-like particles, caused fracture at a low compressive stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications)
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11 pages, 5272 KiB  
Article
Thermal Properties of Zeolite-Containing Composites
by Taro Shimonosono, Yoshihiro Hirata, Kyohei Nishikawa, Soichiro Sameshima, Kenichi Sodeyama, Takuro Masunaga and Yukio Yoshimura
Materials 2018, 11(3), 420; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11030420 - 13 Mar 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4190
Abstract
A zeolite (mordenite)–pore–phenol resin composite and a zeolite–pore–shirasu glass composite were fabricated by hot-pressing. Their thermal conductivities were measured by a laser flash method to determine the thermal conductivity of the monolithic zeolite with the proposed mixing rule. The analysis using composites is [...] Read more.
A zeolite (mordenite)–pore–phenol resin composite and a zeolite–pore–shirasu glass composite were fabricated by hot-pressing. Their thermal conductivities were measured by a laser flash method to determine the thermal conductivity of the monolithic zeolite with the proposed mixing rule. The analysis using composites is useful for a zeolite powder with no sinterability to clarify its thermal properties. At a low porosity <20%, the thermal conductivity of the composite was in excellent agreement with the calculated value for the structure with phenol resin or shirasu glass continuous phase. At a higher porosity above 40%, the measured value approached the calculated value for the structure with pore continuous phase. The thermal conductivity of the monolithic mordenite was evaluated to be 3.63 W/mK and 1.70–2.07 W/mK at room temperature for the zeolite–pore–phenol resin composite and the zeolite–pore–shirasu glass composite, respectively. The analyzed thermal conductivities of monolithic mordenite showed a minimum value of 1.23 W/mK at 400 °C and increased to 2.51 W/mK at 800 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Porous Ceramics and Its Applications)
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