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Special Issue "Smart Non-destructive Testing and Inspection of Engineering Materials"

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 September 2023 | Viewed by 4714

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
Interests: smart 3D geometrical inspection and tolerancing; material processing; optimization; predictive maintenance; FEA; additive manufacturing; laser manufacturing process; surface reconstruction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Hussein Ibrahim

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Guest Editor

Energy Intelligence Research and Innovation Center (CR2ie), 175, rue De La Vérendrye, Sept-lles, QC, Canada
Interests: renewable energy generations and integration; storage energy; microgrid and energy management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Hossein Taheri

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Guest Editor

Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
Interests: ultrasound; acoustic, sound; material testing; acoustic emission; distributed acoustic sensing; noise; vibration; nonlinear; numerical; piezo
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are presented in engineering applications as non-invasive inspection techniques to evaluate material properties and components as well as the structural integrity of engineering materials. NDT encompasses inspection techniques that are utilized to detect, characterize, and measure the presence of mechanical damages and identify their mechanisms. These inspection techniques are capable of identifying, locating, and determining the geometrical and metallurgical features of defects. NDT aims to increase the reliability of engineering components affordably without damaging the inspected parts. Even though conventional NDT methods perform periodical inspections to determine the degradation state of a part, new inspection methods apply artificial intelligence using various sensors’ data to evaluate defects and provide a rapid damage assessment.

The recent advances in smart inspections based on combining sensor data have increased the accuracy of defect identification and allowed for estimating the residual useful life of the inspected part. The last two decades have also witnessed the accelerated development of 3D optical and laser scanners in combination with machine learning algorithms to identify damage mechanisms and predict defect propagation. These tools allow for the characterization of material degradation over time.

This Special Issue will compile recent developments in the field of smart NDT and inspection methods. The articles presented in this Special Issue will cover various topics, ranging from, but not limited to, the optimization of NDT and inspection methods, characterization of engineering materials using smart NDT methods, the functionalization of smart inspection methods, 3D geometrical inspection of materials, smart metallurgical inspection methods, among others. Topics are open to engineering materials and characterization for the development of applications.

Dr. Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi
Dr. Hussein Ibrahim
Dr. Hossein Taheri
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2300 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

non-destructive testing (NDT)
smart inspection
optic and laser scan
3D geometric inspection
engineering material
material defect
material characterization
smart metallurgical inspection

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Excitation and Reception of Higher-Order Guided Lamb Wave’s A₁ and S₁ Modes in Plastic and Composite Materials

Rymantas Jonas Kazys

Justina Sestoke

and

Liudas Mazeika

Materials 2022, 15(20), 7249; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207249 - 17 Oct 2022

Viewed by 566

Abstract

Contemporary technologies are employing composite plate materials developed by using various innovative materials (nanostructures, mica structures, etc.). Application of higher-order modes could allow better detection and characterization of defects characteristic of planar plastic and composite structures, mainly due to shorter wavelength. However, excitation of higher-order modes meets many problems, especially in the case of the air-coupled technique, and is not sufficiently investigated. This is relevant in the cases of paper, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), membranes, GFRP, GLARE, CFRP and other composite structures. The objective of the paper was investigation of the excitation and reception of higher-order guided Lamb wave modes in plastic and composite plates. Therefore, it is appropriate to develop new non-contact ultrasonic measurement methods based on the excitation and reception of guided waves for the study of such objects. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the possibility to excite and receive efficiently different higher-order guided Lamb wave modes with very different phase velocities. The presented comparison of the experimental results with the simulation results showed a good agreement. The combination of air-coupled excitation and non-contact reception enables a non-destructive evaluation and characterization of moving plastic objects and composite structures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Non-destructive Testing and Inspection of Engineering Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Technical Condition and Durability of Wooden Shaft Guides with Application of Non-Destructive and Semi-Destructive Testing Methods

Rafał Pasek

Justyna Jaskowska-Lemańska

Daniel Wałach

Tomasz Rokita

and

Paweł Kamiński

Materials 2022, 15(14), 4769; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144769 - 07 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 625

Abstract

This article addresses the issue of the durability of mining shaft equipment elements. Shafts as a transport route are one of the most exploited parts of a mine. Consequently, their components are exposed to high mechanical stresses, which cause the deterioration of their mechanical properties. In the case of shafts with timber components, elements such as the shaft guides are evaluated on a purely macroscopic basis and are often unnecessarily replaced. This paper presents the possibilities for the application of non-destructive methods (ultrasound and laser scanning) and semi-destructive methods (sclerometric and drill resistance tests). The experimental results suggest that it was possible to derive correlations between penetration depth and drill resistance tests with bulk density. However, these tests were not directly correlated with flexural strength. The ultrasound studies did not indicate a significant relationship with the physical or mechanical properties. In contrast, the method of comparing the variation (wear) in the tested guides using 3D laser scanning demonstrated a high accuracy; moreover, this method is independent of factors that may affect the results of penetration depth or drill resistance measurements. The application of non-destructive and semi-destructive tests for the determination of the physical and mechanical properties of timber elements of mine shafts’ equipment may enable the detection of a defect earlier or extend the service life of elements, hence limiting the downtime of shaft operation related to the replacement of elements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Non-destructive Testing and Inspection of Engineering Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

2D and 3D Triangulation Are Suitable In Situ Measurement Tools for High-Power Large Spot Laser Penetration Processes to Visualize Depressions and Protrusions before Perforating

and

Materials 2022, 15(11), 3743; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15113743 - 24 May 2022

Viewed by 729

Abstract

During laser penetration, the irradiated samples form a melt pool before perforation. Knowledge of the dynamics of this melt pool is of interest for the correct physical description of the process and leads to improved simulations. However, a direct investigation, especially at the location of high-power laser interaction with large spot diameters in the centimeter range is missing until now. Here, the applicability of 2D triangulation for surface topology observations is demonstrated. With the designed bidirectional 2D triangulation setup, the material cross-section is measured by profile detection at the front and back side. This allows a comprehensive description of the penetration process to be established, which is important for a detailed explanation of the process. Specific steps such as surface melting, indentations, protrusions during melt pool development and their dynamics, and the perforation are visualized, which were unknown until now. Furthermore, a scanning 3D triangulation setup is developed to obtain more information about the entire melt pool at the front side, and not just a single intersection line. The measurements exhibit a mirror-symmetric melt pool and the possibility to extrapolate from the central profile to the outer regions in most cases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Non-destructive Testing and Inspection of Engineering Materials)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

On Smart Geometric Non-Destructive Evaluation: Inspection Methods, Overview, and Challenges

Ali Jaber

Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi

Mohammad Saleh Meiabadi

and

Materials 2022, 15(20), 7187; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207187 - 15 Oct 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 773

Abstract

Inspection methods, also known as non-destructive evaluation (NDE), is a process for inspecting materials, products, and facilities to identify flaws, imperfections, and malfunctions without destruction or changing the integrity of materials, structures, and mechanisms. However, detecting those defects requires test conducting and results inferring, which is highly demanding in terms of analysis, performance, and time. New technologies are therefore needed to increase the efficiency, probability of detection, and interpretability of NDE methods to establish smart inspection. In this context, Artificial intelligence (AI), as a fundamental component of the Industry 4.0, is a well-suited tool to address downsides associated with the current NDE methods for analysis and interpretation of inspection results, where methods integrating AI into their inspection process become automated and are known as smart inspection methods. This article sheds a light on the conventional methods and the smart techniques used in defects detection. Subsequently, a comparison between the two notions is presented. Furthermore, it investigates opportunities for the integration of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods and Industry 4.0 technologies. In addition, the challenges hindering the progress of the domain are mentioned as the potential solutions. To this end, along with Industry 4.0 technologies, a virtual inspection system has been proposed to deploy smart inspection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Non-destructive Testing and Inspection of Engineering Materials)

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Open AccessReview

The Unprecedented Role of 3D Printing Technology in Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review

Y. C. Niranjan

S. G. Channabasavanna

Shankar Krishnapillai

R. Velmurugan

A. Rajesh Kannan

Dhanesh G. Mohan

and

Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi

Materials 2022, 15(19), 6827; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15196827 - 01 Oct 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1297

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly spread to over 180 countries and abruptly disrupted production rates and supply chains worldwide. Since then, 3D printing, also recognized as additive manufacturing (AM) and known to be a novel technique that uses layer-by-layer deposition of material to produce intricate 3D geometry, has been engaged in reducing the distress caused by the outbreak. During the early stages of this pandemic, shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE), including facemasks, shields, respirators, and other medical gear, were significantly answered by remotely 3D printing them. Amidst the growing testing requirements, 3D printing emerged as a potential and fast solution as a manufacturing process to meet production needs due to its flexibility, reliability, and rapid response capabilities. In the recent past, some other medical applications that have gained prominence in the scientific community include 3D-printed ventilator splitters, device components, and patient-specific products. Regarding non-medical applications, researchers have successfully developed contact-free devices to address the sanitary crisis in public places. This work aims to systematically review the applications of 3D printing or AM techniques that have been involved in producing various critical products essential to limit this deadly pandemic’s progression. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Non-destructive Testing and Inspection of Engineering Materials)

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