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Special Issue "Advanced Non-destructive Testing Techniques on Materials"

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2023 | Viewed by 3324

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jiang Xu

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Guest Editor

School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Interests: nondestructive testing; guided waves; EMAT; magnetoacoustic transducer

Dr. Zhiyuan Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
Interests: nondestructive testing; magnetic sensors; signal processing; pulsed eddy current
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-destructive testing is widely used in various industries as an important technology to ensure the quality of products and the safety of components in service. With the application of novel materials and structures, traditional NDT methods are difficult to meet their needs. Therefore, advanced NDT techniques are needed to solve these new problems. In addition, in order to meet the inspection needs of novel materials and structures, NDT has developed from quantitative NDT to microscopic defect detection (such as fatigue, creep, etc.), which will provide strong support for the life assessment of materials. This Special Issue covers these topics and focuses on advanced non-destructive testing techniques on materials.

We kindly invite you to submit your work to this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Jiang Xu
Dr. Zhiyuan Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

advanced nondestructive testing
quantitative nondestructive evalution
residual life assessment
novel materials
microscopic defect

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Characteristic Parameters of Magnetostrictive Guided Wave Testing for Fatigue Damage of Steel Strands

and

Materials 2023, 16(15), 5215; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155215 - 25 Jul 2023

Viewed by 342

Abstract

Steel strands are widely used in structures such as bridge cables, and their integrity is critical to keeping these structures safe. A steel strand is under the working condition of an alternating load for a long time, and fatigue damage is unavoidable. It is necessary to find characteristic parameters for evaluating fatigue damage. In this study, nonlinear coefficients and attenuation coefficients were employed to evaluate fatigue damage based on magnetostrictive guided wave testing. Unlike pipe and steel wire structures, there is a phenomenon of a notch frequency when guided waves propagate in steel strands. The influence of the notch frequency on the nonlinear coefficient and attenuation coefficient is discussed. The relationship between the nonlinear coefficient, attenuation coefficient, and cyclic loading times was obtained through experiments. The amplitudes of the nonlinear coefficient and attenuation coefficient both increased with the increase in cyclic loading times. The experiments also showed the effectiveness of using these two characteristic parameters to evaluate fatigue damage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-destructive Testing Techniques on Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Highly Sensitive Detection of Microstructure Variation Using a Thickness Resonant Transducer and Pulse-Echo Third Harmonic Generation

and

Materials 2023, 16(13), 4739; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134739 - 30 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 383

Abstract

In nonlinear ultrasound testing, the relative nonlinear parameter is conveniently measured as a sensitive means of detecting and imaging overall variation of microstructures and damages. Compared to the quadratic nonlinear parameter (

β^{'}

), the cubic nonlinear parameter (

γ^{'}

), [...] Read more.

β^{'}

), the cubic nonlinear parameter (

γ^{'}

), calculated as the third harmonic amplitude divided by the cube of the fundamental amplitude, has generally a higher value, providing better sensitivity in nonlinear parameter mapping. Since the third harmonic amplitude is about two orders of magnitude lower than the fundamental amplitude, efficient excitation and highly sensitive reception of third harmonic is very important. In this paper, we explore an odd harmonic thickness resonant transducer that meets the requirements for pulse-echo third harmonic generation (THG) measurements. We also address the problem of source nonlinearity that may be present in the measured amplitude of the third harmonic and propose a method to properly correct it. First, we measure

γ^{'}

for a series of aluminum specimens using the through-transmission method to observe the behavior of

γ^{'}

as a function of specimen thickness and input voltage, and examine the effects of various corrections such as attenuation, diffraction and source nonlinearity. Next, we apply the odd harmonic resonant transducer to pulse-echo THG measurements of precipitation heat-treated specimens. It is shown that such transducer is very effective in generation and detection of fundamental and third harmonics under finite amplitude toneburst excitation. The highly sensitive detectability of

γ^{'}

are presented as a function of aging time, and the sensitivity of

γ^{'}

is compared with that of

β^{'}

and

{β^{'}}^{2}

. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-destructive Testing Techniques on Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Near-Surface-Defect Detection in Countersunk Head Riveted Joints Based on High-Frequency EMAT

and

Materials 2023, 16(11), 3998; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113998 - 26 May 2023

Viewed by 490

Abstract

Countersunk head riveted joints (CHRJs) are essential for the aerospace and marine industries. Due to the stress concentration, defects may be generated near the lower boundary of the countersunk head parts of CHRJs and require testing. In this paper, the near-surface defect in a CHRJ was detected based on high-frequency electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs). The propagation of ultrasonic waves in the CHRJ with a defect was analyzed based on the theory of reflection and transmission. A finite element simulation was used to study the effect of the near-surface defect on the ultrasonic energy distribution in the CHRJ. The simulation results revealed that the second defect echo can be utilized for defect detection. The positive correlation between the reflection coefficient and the defect depth was obtained from the simulation results. To validate the relation, CHRJ samples with varying defect depths were tested using a 10-MHz EMAT. The experimental signals were denoised using wavelet-threshold denoising to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The experimental results demonstrated a linearly positive correlation between the reflection coefficient and the defect depth. The results further showed that high-frequency EMATs can be employed for the detection of near-surface defects in CHRJs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-destructive Testing Techniques on Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Debonding Detection in Aluminum/Rigid Polyurethane Foam Composite Plates Using A₀ Mode LAMB Wave EMATs

and

Materials 2023, 16(7), 2797; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072797 - 31 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 776

Abstract

Aluminum/rigid polyurethane foam composite plates (ARCPs) are widely used for thermal insulation. The interface debonding generated during manufacturing degrades the thermal insulation performance of an ARCP. In this study, the debonding of an ARCP, a composite plate with a porous and damped layer of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF), was detected using A₀ mode Lamb wave electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs). The low energy transmission coefficient at the interface caused by the large acoustic impedance difference between aluminum and RPUF made the detection difficult. Based on these structural characteristics, an A₀ mode Lamb wave with large out-of-plane displacement was used to detect the debonding. EMATs are preferred for generating A₀ mode Lamb waves due to their advantages of being noncontact, not requiring a coupling agent, and providing convenient detection. A finite element simulation model considering the damping of the RPUF layer, the damping of the PU film at the interface, and the bonding stiffness of the interface was established. The simulation results indicated that the Lamb wave energy in the aluminum plate transmits into the RPUF layer in small amounts. However, the transmitted energy rapidly attenuated and was not reflected into the aluminum plate, as the RPUF layer was thick and highly damped. Therefore, energy attenuation was evident and could be used to characterize the debonding. An approximately linear relationship between the amplitude of the received signals and the debonding length was obtained. Experiments were performed on an ARCP using EMATs, and the experimental results were in good agreement with the simulation results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-destructive Testing Techniques on Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Study on the Effect of Metal Mesh on Pulsed Eddy-Current Testing of Corrosion under Insulation Using an Early-Phase Signal Feature

and

Materials 2023, 16(4), 1451; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041451 - 09 Feb 2023

Viewed by 848

Abstract

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a major threat to the structural integrity of insulated pipes and vessels. Pulsed eddy-current testing (PECT) is well known in the industry for detecting CUI, but its readings can be easily influenced by nearby conductive objects, including the insulation supporting metal mesh. As a sequel to our previous study, this paper focuses on the surface distribution of eddy currents at the time of the turning off of the driving voltage instead of examining the overall process of eddy current diffusion. Based on the fact that CUI takes place on the outside of the insulated specimen, the probe footprint was calculated only on the specimen surface. The corrosion depth was regarded as an increment to the probe lift-off, whose information was carried in the early PECT signal. Finite element simulations were performed to facilitate the calculation of the probe footprint and predict the signal behavior. The peak value, which appeared in the early phase of the differential PECT signal, was found to be well correlated with the corrosion depth. Further studies revealed that the mild steel mesh could result in the enlargement of the probe footprint and a decrease in the change rate of the peak value in relation to the corrosion depth. Finally, experiments were conducted to verify the simulation results. The presented findings are consistent with the previously reported results and provide a potential alternative to evaluate CUI in specific scenarios where the insulation has a fixed and uniform thickness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Non-destructive Testing Techniques on Materials)

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