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Ionic Liquids: A Greener Approach in Catalysis
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Ionic Liquids: A Greener Approach in Catalysis

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 9358

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Eduardo J. García-Suárez

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Tecnalia, Materials an Processes Area, Energy and Environment Division, Parque Tecnológico de Álava, Leonardo Da Vinci 11, 01510 Miñano, Spain
2. IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
Interests: catalysis; nanoparticles; ionic liquids; carbonylation reactions; supported ionic liquid phase catalysts technology; biomass valorization; CO2 valorization; fixed-bed reactors technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ionic liquids (ILs) can be generally defined as materials that are composed of cations and anions which melt at a certain temperature without being decomposed. ILs are of special interest due to their intrinsic properties, versatility, and easy modification. Consequently, within the last 20 years the application of ILs in many fields (e.g., electrochemistry, biological uses, engineering, analytics, catalysis, etc.) has grown exponentially. The facile functionalization and modification as well as the vast variety of cations and ions that can be combined to form an IL make ILs a kind of valuable material to be used in catalysis as reaction media, catalyst stabilizers, and/or co-catalysts (e.g., biphasic systems, supported ionic liquid phase catalysts technology, supported ionic liquid layer technologies, etc.). The use of ILs in catalysis—mainly in biphasic or supported systems—could in most cases provide improved conversion and selectivity as well as good product separation, catalyst recovery, and reutilization. Due to a recently growing interest shown by the scientific community in the application of ILs in catalysis, this Special Issue is devoted to the design and preparation of innovative ILs and their applications and vast roles in catalysis (e.g., reaction media, co-catalysts, stabilizers, etc.). For the above-mentioned reasons, we kindly invite you to submit a manuscript to this Special Issue in the form of a full paper, communication, or review.

Dr. Eduardo J. García-Suárez
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • catalysis
  • supported ionic liquid phase catalysts (SILP) technology
  • supported ionic liquid layer (SCILL) technology
  • biomass valorization
  • organometallic catalysts
  • metal nanoparticles
  • CO2 valorization
  • ionic liquids
  • carbonylation reactions
  • biphasic ILs-based systems
  • fixed-bed reactor technology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1430 KiB  
Article
Pd-Catalyzed Cyclocarbonylation of Allylic Alcohol under Benign Conditions with Ionic Liquid as Stabilizer
by Nasrin Nemati, Reza Eslamloueyan, Amalie Modvig and Anders Riisager
Materials 2020, 13(9), 2093; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13092093 - 01 May 2020
Viewed by 1949
Abstract
Homogeneous palladium-catalyzed (Pd-catalyzed) cyclocarbonylation of unsaturated allylic alcohols and alkynols in the presence of hydrogen forms lactone products with important applications in the food, perfume, and polymer industry. In this work, the cyclocarbonylation of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol was studied for the first time using a [...] Read more.
Homogeneous palladium-catalyzed (Pd-catalyzed) cyclocarbonylation of unsaturated allylic alcohols and alkynols in the presence of hydrogen forms lactone products with important applications in the food, perfume, and polymer industry. In this work, the cyclocarbonylation of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol was studied for the first time using a very active Pd-DPEphos (bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether) catalyst in the presence of the ionic liquid (IL) [BMIM]Cl (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) in dichloromethane to selectively produce 4,4-dimethyl-γ-butyrolactone. The effect of different parameters such as temperature, gas partial pressures, time of reaction, substrate and ligand concentrations were investigated and found to provide optimal conditions for lactonization (95 °C, 28 bar (CO/H2/N2: 20/5/3)), 18 h, 0.1 M substrate, and 16 mol% DPEphos), which were significantly milder than previously reported systems for cyclocarbonylation. Importantly, the study further showed that presence of the IL in the reaction mixture provided stabilization of the catalyst system and prevented formation of Pd-black, which allowed reuse of the catalytic system in consecutive reactions after intermediate extraction of the lactone product. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids: A Greener Approach in Catalysis)
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15 pages, 2200 KiB  
Article
Low-Melting Manganese(II)-Based Ionic Liquids: Syntheses, Structures, Properties and Influence of Trace Impurities
by Tim Peppel, Monika Geppert-Rybczyńska, Christin Neise, Udo Kragl and Martin Köckerling
Materials 2019, 12(22), 3764; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12223764 - 15 Nov 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2720
Abstract
The synthesis of more than 10 new magnetic ionic liquids with [MnX4]2− anions, X = Cl, NCS, NCO, is presented. Detailed structural information through single-crystal X-ray diffraction is given for (DMDIm)[Mn(NCS)4], (BnEt3N)2[Mn(NCS)4 [...] Read more.
The synthesis of more than 10 new magnetic ionic liquids with [MnX4]2− anions, X = Cl, NCS, NCO, is presented. Detailed structural information through single-crystal X-ray diffraction is given for (DMDIm)[Mn(NCS)4], (BnEt3N)2[Mn(NCS)4], and {(Ph3P)2N}2[Mn(NCO4)]·0.6H2O, respectively. All compounds consist of discrete anions and cations with tetrahedrally coordinated Mn(II) atoms. They show paramagnetic behavior as expected for spin-only systems. Melting points are found for several systems below 100 °C classifying them as ionic liquids. Thermal properties are investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The physicochemical properties of density, dynamic viscosity, electrolytic conductivity, and surface tension were measured temperature-dependent of selected samples. These properties are discussed in comparison to similar Co containing systems. An increasing amount of bromide impurity is found to affect the surface tension only up to 3.3%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids: A Greener Approach in Catalysis)
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17 pages, 3779 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Properties of Magnetic Aryl-Imidazolium Ionic Liquids with Dual Brønsted/Lewis Acidity
by Jui-Cheng Chang, Che-Hsuan Yang, I-Wen Sun, Wen-Yueh Ho and Tzi-Yi Wu
Materials 2018, 11(12), 2539; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11122539 - 13 Dec 2018
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4095
Abstract
A series of unique tunable aryl-imidazolium magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) with dual acidity that contain both Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites (abbreviated as B-L MILs) were synthesized and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Physical properties, such as thermal properties, magnetic [...] Read more.
A series of unique tunable aryl-imidazolium magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) with dual acidity that contain both Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites (abbreviated as B-L MILs) were synthesized and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Physical properties, such as thermal properties, magnetic susceptibility, and Brønsted and Lewis acidity, were measured. These properties were found to depend on the cation structure. These B-L MILs had good solubility in many organic solvents, good thermal stability, and low melting points, and exhibited magnet-like behavior. For these B-L MILs, the Brønsted acidity was measured using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and the Lewis acidity was measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that B-L MILs with an electron-withdrawing group in the aryl-imidazolium moiety had higher Brønsted acidity, whereas those with an electron-donating group had higher Lewis acidity. This type of ionic liquid, with both Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites, is expected to be a useful solvent and catalyst for organic reactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ionic Liquids: A Greener Approach in Catalysis)
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