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Advances in the Welding of Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Manufacturing Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 2717

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Logistics and Management Engineering, Institute of Applied Sciences, Faculty of WSB University in Chorzow, WSB University in Poznan, 29 Sportowa Str., 41-506 Chorzow, Poland
Interests: production engineering; manufacturing processes; material engineering; material characterisation; welding
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Guest Editor
Department of Welding Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: laser surface engineering; laser material processing; welding; coatings; the additive manufacturing of metal parts
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welding is a strong branch within the industry, especially in regions with a high level of economic development. Welding includes the technologies of joining materials, surfacing, thermal spraying, soldering, and thermal cutting. Modern and advanced materials, with increasing strength, low density, and special properties, require the application of advanced methods and technologies of joining and processing. Structural steels with an increasingly high strength, even over 1700 MPa, are already used not only for structures such as crane booms, but also for car body structures. In addition, light metals and alloys, plastics, and composite materials are becoming more popular. Joining such materials and ensuring high-quality joints is difficult and requires the use of advanced welding methods and procedures.

This Special Issue aims to present the latest developments and advances in the field fusion, hybridity, electric resistance, and solid state welding of materials.

Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Advanced fusion and solid state welding technologies of materials;
  • Advanced electric resistance welding;
  • Advanced soldering and brazing technologies;
  • Advanced thermal cutting technologies;
  • Advanced surfacing technologies;
  • Additive methods based on welding technologies;
  • The characterization of welded materials (microstructure, mechanical properties, etc.);
  • The welding of HSS and UHSS steel grades, non-ferrous alloys, plastics, or composites.

Dr. Agnieszka Kurc-Lisiecka
Prof. Dr. Aleksander Lisiecki
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • welding
  • surfacing
  • cladding
  • thermal spraying
  • thermal cutting
  • brazing
  • soldering

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 11612 KiB  
Article
Research on the Influence of HMFI and PWHT Treatments on the Properties and Stress States of MAG-Welded S690QL Steel Joints
by Jacek Górka and Mateusz Przybyła
Materials 2024, 17(14), 3560; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143560 - 18 Jul 2024
Viewed by 517
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the HFMI (high-frequency mechanical impact) treatment of each weld bead on the properties of a butt joint with a ceramic backing welded by robotic method 135 (MAG—metal active gas welding method) and [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the HFMI (high-frequency mechanical impact) treatment of each weld bead on the properties of a butt joint with a ceramic backing welded by robotic method 135 (MAG—metal active gas welding method) and to determine the effect of HMFI on the stress level. This analysis was based on a comparison of three butt joints made of a S690QL plate, in the as-welded condition, with the HFMI of each bead and with the heat treatment carried out with PWHT stress relief annealing. The high-frequency (90 Hz) peening of each weld bead was linked with a stress reduction in the weld via the implementation of compressive stresses into the joint. The HFMI pneumatic hammer was used for this. The correctness of treatment was achieved when 100% of the surface of each bead including the face was treated. As part of the post-welding tests, basic tests were carried out based on the standards for the qualification of welding technology, and as a supplementary test, a stress state analysis using the Barkhausen effect was carried out. The tests carried out showed that the use of high-frequency peening after each pass did not affect the negative results of all the required tests when qualifying the welding technology of S690QL sheet metal compared to the test plates in the as-welded condition and after heat treatment—stress relief annealing. Inter-pass peening of the welded face and HAZ (heat-affected zone) resulted in a reduction in post-weld residual stresses at a distance of 12 mm from the joint axis compared to the stress measurement result for the sample in the as-welded condition. This allowed for a positive assessment of peening in the context of reducing the notch, which is the concentration of tensile stresses in the area of the fusion line and HAZ. The tests carried out showed that the peening process does not reduce the strength properties of welded joints, and the results obtained allow the technology to be qualified based on applicable standards. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Welding of Materials)
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15 pages, 13951 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Depth-to-Width-Ratio Horizontal NG-GMAW Joint for S500Q Steel
by Ruiyan Jia, Haichao Li, Fangkai Wei, Yufei Zhou, Weizan Duan, Kuiliang Zhang and Zhenglong Lei
Materials 2024, 17(9), 2056; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17092056 - 27 Apr 2024
Viewed by 685
Abstract
A novel high depth-to-width ratio of 15:1 narrow-gap gas metal arc welding technique was developed for the welding of S500Q steel in a horizontal butt joint. The bead arrangement of the I groove was optimized to produce a high-quality connection with the upper [...] Read more.
A novel high depth-to-width ratio of 15:1 narrow-gap gas metal arc welding technique was developed for the welding of S500Q steel in a horizontal butt joint. The bead arrangement of the I groove was optimized to produce a high-quality connection with the upper sidewall of the joint. The microstructure and mechanical properties were observed and evaluated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing, and micro-hardness and impact toughness testing at 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, and 4/5 thickness of the joint. The 3/5 T position exhibited the highest strength, which was attributed to the presence of finer carbide precipitates. The highest micro-hardness appeared at 4/5 T. The highest impact toughness appeared at 3/5 T. The formation of coarse granular bainite was the major reason for the decrease in impact toughness in other regions. A microscopic fracture at 1/5 T and 3/5 T was further analyzed. It was observed that the width of the fibrous zone at 3/5 T was significantly larger than that at 1/5 T. The radial zones at 1/5 T were observed to exhibit cleavage, with secondary cracks on the fracture surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Welding of Materials)
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17 pages, 11897 KiB  
Article
Microstructural Characterization and Corrosion Behavior of Similar and Dissimilar Welded Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSS) by Rotary Friction Welding
by Antonio Enrique Salas Reyes, Gabriel Ángel Lara Rodriguez, Jesús Rafael González Parra and Víctor Hugo Mercado Lemus
Materials 2024, 17(4), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17040918 - 16 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 960
Abstract
Advanced high-strength steels (AHSSs) are designed for meeting strict requirements, especially in the automotive industry, as a means to directly influence the reduction in the carbon footprint. As rotary friction welding (RFW) has many important advantages over other welding technologies, it plays an [...] Read more.
Advanced high-strength steels (AHSSs) are designed for meeting strict requirements, especially in the automotive industry, as a means to directly influence the reduction in the carbon footprint. As rotary friction welding (RFW) has many important advantages over other welding technologies, it plays an important role in the automotive sector. On the above basis, in this work, combinations of the first (complex phase (CP)), second (TWIP (TW)), and third (quenched and partitioned (Q&P)) generations of similar and dissimilar high-alloyed advanced steels have been joined by the RFW process. Having a specific microstructure, rods of CP/CP, Q&P/Q&P, CP/TW, and Q&P/TW steels were welded by employing a homemade adaptation machine under fixed parameters. Microstructural characterization has allowed us to corroborate the metallic bonding of all the tested advanced steels and to identify the different zones formed after welding. Results indicate that the welding zone widens in the center of the workpiece, and under the current friction action, the intermixing region shows the redistribution of solute elements, mostly in the dissimilarly welded steels. Furthermore, because of their complex chemistry and the different mechanical properties of the used steels, dissimilarly welded steels present the most noticeable differences in hardness. The TWIP steel has the lower hardness values, whilst the CP and Q&P steels have the higher ones. As a direct effect of the viscoplastic behavior of the steels established by the thermomechanical processing, interlayers and oxidation products were identified, as well as some typical RFW defects. The electrochemical response of the welded steels has shown that the compositional and microstructural condition mostly affect the corrosion trend. This means that the dissimilarly welded steels are more susceptible to corrosion, especially at the TWIP–steel interface, which is attributed to the energy that is stored in the distorted microstructure of each steel plate as a consequence of the thermomechanical processing during RFW. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Welding of Materials)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Technological, structural and strength aspects of high-frequency burried arc welding using the Rapid Weld process.
Authors: Dr hab. inż. Krzysztof Kudła; prof. PCz, dr inż. Krzysztof Makles
Affiliation: Czestochowa Technical University (Politechnika Częstochowska
Abstract: One of the prospective methods of robotic welding with a consumable electrode in the shield gases metal arc welding is the Rapid Weld process, in which welded joints with deep penetration welds are obtained thanks to the specially programmed welding characteristics of the arc. The work presents technological and structural aspects of producing welded joints from structural steel using a high-frequency burried arc. As a result of microstructural research and strength tests, as well as image analysis of phenomena occurring in the welding arc and weld pool, assumptions were developed for the use of the Rapid Weld process, which is characterized by deep penetration welds without welding imperfections that reduce the quality of the welded joints and their strength. Welding conditions and parameters leading to welded joints characterized by high relative strength related to the weight of the used filler material were proposed. As a result of the research, it was found that the use of welding processes with deep penetration leads to material savings related to reduced consumption of filler material while maintaining the required high strength of welded joints. Savings of filler materials reaching 80% were achieved compared to the ones used so far. At the same time the maximum load capacity of welding joints were maintained

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