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Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Materials
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Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2025) | Viewed by 4514

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Anton Trník

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
Interests: ceramic and building materials; thermophysical and mechanical properties; thermal analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Understanding the thermophysical (heat capacity, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, and diffusivity) and mechanical (mechanical strength, modulus of elasticity, and hardness) properties of materials (building, ceramic, composite, plastic, metallic, or noncrystalline) is useful for their practical applications. Therefore, it is crucial to study the relationship between these key properties and individual stages of the manufacturing process from an experimental or theoretical aspect. The description of the behavior of materials and products under nonstationary thermal boundary conditions in a broader temperature interval requires knowledge of the dilatometric characteristics of the materials, the dependence of the thermal conductivity or diffusivity on the temperature, and the temperature dependencies of heat capacity. The knowledge of thermophysical properties provides an opportunity for optimization of the thermal processing of materials and the thermal strain of products. Additionally, detailed knowledge of a given material and its properties provides the opportunity to determine its specific practical applications. Many experimental methods exist in the field of the measurement of thermophysical and mechanical properties: differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, thermodilatometry, calorimetry, steady-state methods, and transient methods.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript to this Special Issue of Materials. Full papers, short communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Dr. Anton Trník
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heat capacity
  • thermal conductivity
  • thermal diffusivity
  • thermal expansion
  • mechanical strength
  • modulus of elasticity
  • hardness
  • heat transfer
  • measurement methods
  • ceramic materials
  • composite materials
  • building materials
  • noncrystalline materials
  • thermal insulation materials

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2203 KiB  
Article
Determination of Osmotic Flow in Water Transport in an Illitic Clay
by Marek Mánik, Igor Medveď, Martin Keppert, Zbigniew Suchorab and Anton Trník
Materials 2025, 18(2), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18020338 - 13 Jan 2025
Viewed by 734
Abstract
Experimental studies have shown that osmosis could be one of the mechanisms of water transport in porous materials that act, to a certain extent, as semipermeable membranes. In this paper, an experimental apparatus and the corresponding model to measure and determine the osmotic [...] Read more.
Experimental studies have shown that osmosis could be one of the mechanisms of water transport in porous materials that act, to a certain extent, as semipermeable membranes. In this paper, an experimental apparatus and the corresponding model to measure and determine the osmotic efficiency, σ, of bulk porous materials are described. Both the apparatus and model to interpret water transport in samples are modifications of those of Sherwood and Craster. In addition to σ, the transport parameters of the model include Darcy permeability and water and salt diffusivity. These parameters are used to calculate the ratio of the individual components of the total molar flow. We used the apparatus to measure cylindrical samples made from an illitic clay with a diameter of 45 mm and thickness of 5 mm. The measured transport coefficients were then used to estimate the relative importance of the individual contributions to the total flow of water through the samples. Our results show that the contribution of the osmosis is 82–88%, while the diffusion contributes only 11–13% and the Darcy flow caused by the pressure difference contributes only 1–5%. Even after considering the uncertainties in the measurement of the transport coefficients, which are estimated to be up to 22%, the results show that osmosis makes an important contribution to the total water flow and should not be neglected in general. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Materials)
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20 pages, 4161 KiB  
Article
A Container for Storing and Transporting Bulk Material Samples
by Zbigniew Suchorab, Dagmara Olszewska-Pastuszak, Krzysztof Tabiś and Kamil Pluta
Materials 2024, 17(23), 5965; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17235965 - 5 Dec 2024
Viewed by 719
Abstract
This article presents problems related to the storage of building material samples and discusses the related requirements and standards. Solutions for containers to store material samples were proposed and tests were performed in accordance with the EN ISO 12570 standard to demonstrate that [...] Read more.
This article presents problems related to the storage of building material samples and discusses the related requirements and standards. Solutions for containers to store material samples were proposed and tests were performed in accordance with the EN ISO 12570 standard to demonstrate that all the water that may have condensed during the samples’ transport in the self-designed, closed container evaporates from the lid when unscrewed and placed under the container during the drying process. The aim of this study was to test the tightness of self-designed containers for transporting bulk samples. The drying efficiency at elevated temperatures in moisture tests for bulk material containers was determined and, finally, the influence of ambient conditions on a sample placed in a container for bulk material transport was estimated. The results confirmed that the designed container is vapour-tight and allows the collected material to be protected against evaporation during transport from the sampling site to the laboratory. Under extreme transport conditions, the water contained in the sample in a closed container partially evaporates from the material and condenses on the lid but this is taken into account when balancing the moisture of samples in the laboratory and does not falsify the readouts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Materials)
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17 pages, 5336 KiB  
Article
Automatic Image Analysis Method as a Tool to Evaluate the Anisotropy of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete for Moisture and Heat Transport
by Dariusz Majerek, Elżbieta Sędzielewska, Magdalena Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk, Ewa Łazuka, Zbigniew Suchorab and Grzegorz Łagód
Materials 2024, 17(19), 4903; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17194903 - 7 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1021
Abstract
In this article, the results of studies testing the anisotropy of autoclaved aerated concrete in terms of water and heat transport are presented. Using image analysis techniques, a study was conducted on four different samples of concrete produced in the same process. To [...] Read more.
In this article, the results of studies testing the anisotropy of autoclaved aerated concrete in terms of water and heat transport are presented. Using image analysis techniques, a study was conducted on four different samples of concrete produced in the same process. To ensure the comparability of results, the pictures were taken from a fixed distance with the same lens settings trimmed to a set size. Cross-sectional profiles of the material were examined and were arranged in two directions: perpendicular and parallel to the growth direction occurring in the autoclave. For each block, approximately 4750 objects were obtained, with an average of 2700 objects along the wall and 2050 across it. As a result of the comparative analysis, metrics concerning pores, significantly distinguishing the profile direction, were identified. These included the pore area (area), the maximum and minimum distance between points on the perimeter (Feret, MinFeret), lengths of the major and minor axes of the fitted ellipse (major, minor), and the ratio of the area of selection to its convex hull (solidity). As a reference, standard investigations were conducted for moisture transport using the time domain reflectometry setup and for thermal conductivity values using the steady-state heat flow plate apparatus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Materials)
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16 pages, 2209 KiB  
Article
Development of Accelerated Test Method to Evaluate the Long-Term Thermal Performance of Fumed-Silica Vacuum Insulation Panels Using Accelerated Conditions
by Minjung Bae, Sunsook Kim and Jaesik Kang
Materials 2023, 16(19), 6542; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196542 - 3 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1400
Abstract
International standards for vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) include an accelerated test method and a minimum quality standard for evaluating their long-term thermal performance after 25 years. The accelerated test method consists of various tests according to the characteristics of the core material and [...] Read more.
International standards for vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) include an accelerated test method and a minimum quality standard for evaluating their long-term thermal performance after 25 years. The accelerated test method consists of various tests according to the characteristics of the core material and requires six months (180 days) at minimum. Herein, we propose an accelerated method for determining the long-term thermal performance of fumed-silica VIPs by shortening the required time and simplifying the procedure. Highly accelerated conditions (80 °C and 70% Relative humidity (RH)) were set for the evaluation method, using the maximum temperature (80 °C) cited in international standards and compared with the accelerated test method under accelerated conditions (50 °C and 70% RH). The inner-pressure increase rate of the VIP samples after conditioning for approximately 70 days was similar to that after conditioning for 180 days under highly accelerated and accelerated conditions, respectively. In addition, the estimated long-term thermal conductivities of the fumed-silica VIP were derived as 0.0076 and 0.0054 W/m·K under highly accelerated and accelerated conditions, respectively. These accelerated methods can be used to produce fumed-silica VIPs with similar long-term thermal conductivities. Therefore, the accelerated test method for long-term thermal performance using the highly accelerated conditions can be evaluated using a test that involves conditioning the sample for approximately 70 days under 80 °C and 70% RH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Materials)
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