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Special Issue "Advanced Materials – Microstructure, Manufacturing and Analysis"

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2023) | Viewed by 2953

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Janusz Lelito

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Interests: solidification modelling; microstructure; metallic glasses; thermal analysis

Dr. Karolina Kaczmarska

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Interests: molding sand; 3D printing materials; structural and thermal analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Mariusz Łucarz

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Interests: mechanical and thermal reclamation; thermal analysis; molding sand

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Devices and objects, both for general use and the most advanced, require various materials with different properties to produce them. New advanced materials play an important role in the development of the modern world. It is often their development that enables progress in a given field of technology. Without the development of modern materials, there would be no modern devices capable of working in various, often extreme, trouble-free conditions. Thanks to these materials, industries such as machinery, foundry, automotive, aviation, energy, defense, and electronics would not develop so dynamically and would not provide more and more reliable, economical and ecological solutions.

The purpose of the Special Issue articles is to provide knowledge and skills in the field of material design, manufacturing, processing and shaping their properties and functional characteristics, testing their quality, selecting for specific applications, and controlling their condition from the moment of production to its end of use and recycling with the application of recycling principles (circular economy). The aim of the publication is to present the influence of various parameters of the manufacturing process on the structure and mechanical, technological, physical, chemical, corrosive and functional properties of advanced materials. This Special Issue will include articles on progress in the development of technology for the production of modern materials, both metal and composite, ceramics and polymers. Furthermore, issues related to the recycling of materials, and recovery of base ingredients for application in newly created compositions, will be a platform for presenting achievements in this field. Additionally, articles dealing with issues related to the use of these materials in 3D printing, their repair by welding, laser melting, etc. will be welcome.

Dr. Janusz Lelito
Dr. Karolina Kaczmarska
Dr. Mariusz Łucarz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2300 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

alloys
polymers
ceramics
composites
corrosion
mechanical properties
welding
laser remelting
3D printing

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Organobentonite Binder for Binding Sand Grains in Foundry Moulding Sands

Sylwia Żymankowska-Kumon

Karolina Kaczmarska

Bożena Tyliszczak

and

Alena Pribulová

Materials 2023, 16(4), 1585; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041585 - 14 Feb 2023

Viewed by 475

Abstract

A series of studies related to the production of organobentonite, i.e., bentonite-poly(acrylic acid), and its use as a matrix grain-binding material in casting moulding sand is presented. In addition, a new carbon additive in the form of shungite was introduced into the composition of the moulding sand. Selected technological and strength properties of green sand bond with the obtained organobentonite with the addition of shungite as a new lustrous carbon carrier (

R_{c}^{w}

R_{m}^{w}

P^{w}

P^{w}

P_{D}

) were determined. The introduction of shungite as a replacement for coal dust in the hydrocarbon resin system demonstrated the achievement of an optimum moulding sand composition for practical use in casting technology. Using chromatographic techniques (Py-GC/MS, GC), the positive effect of shungite on the quantity and quality of the gaseous products generated from the moulding sand during the thermal destruction of its components was noted, thus confirming the reduced environmental footprint of the new carbon additive compared to the commonly used lustrous carbon carriers. The test casting obtained in the mould of the organobentonite moulding sand and the shungite/hydrocarbon resin mixture showed a significantly better accuracy of the stepped model shape reproduction and surface smoothness compared to the casting obtained with the model moulding sand. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials – Microstructure, Manufacturing and Analysis)

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Open AccessArticle

Enhancing Stability of High-Concentration β-Tricalcium Phosphate Suspension for Biomedical Application

and

Materials 2023, 16(1), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010228 - 27 Dec 2022

Viewed by 942

Abstract

We propose a novel process to efficiently prepare highly dispersed and stable Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) suspensions. TCP is coupled with a polymer to enhance its brittleness to be used as an artificial hard tissue. A high solid fraction of β-TCP is mixed with the polymer in order to improve the mechanical strength of the prepared material. The high solid fractions led to fast particle aggregation due to Van der Waals forces, and sediments appeared quickly in the suspension. As a result, we used a dispersant, dispex AA4040 (A40), to boost the surface potential and steric hindrance of particles to make a stable suspension. However, the particle size of β-TCP is too large to form a suspension, as the gravity effect is much more dominant than Brownian motion. Hence, β-TCP was subjected to wet ball milling to break the aggregated particles, and particle size was reduced to ~300 nm. Further, to decrease sedimentation velocity, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are added as a thickening agent to increase the overall viscosity of suspension. Besides the viscosity enhancement, CNCs were also wrapped with A40 micelles and increase the stability of the suspension. These CNC/A40 micelles further facilitated stable suspension of β-TCP particles with an average hydration radius of 244.5 nm. Finally, β-TCP bone cement was formulated with the suspension, and the related cytotoxicity was estimated to demonstrate its applicability for hard tissue applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials – Microstructure, Manufacturing and Analysis)

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Open AccessArticle

Dry Wear Behaviour of the New ZK60/AlN/SiC Particle Reinforced Composites

and

Materials 2022, 15(23), 8582; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238582 - 01 Dec 2022

Viewed by 549

Abstract

This study deals with the microstructure, mechanical, and wear properties of the extruded ZK60 matrix composites strengthened with 45 µm, 15% silicon carbide particle (SiC) and 760 nm, 0.2–0.5% aluminium nitride (AlN) nanoparticle reinforcements. First, the reinforcement elements of the composites, SiC and AlN mixtures were prepared in master-magnesium powder, and compacts were formed under 450 MPa pressure and then sintered. Second, the compacted reinforcing elements were placed into the ZK60 alloy matrix at the semi-solid melt temperature, and the melt was mixed by mechanical mixing. After the melts were mixed for 30 min and a homogeneous mixture was formed, the mixtures were poured into metal moulds and composite samples were obtained. After being homogenized for 24 h at 400 °C, the alloys were extruded with a 16:1 deformation ratio at 310 °C and a ram speed of 0.3 mm/s to create final composite samples. After microstructure characterization and hardness analysis, the dry friction behavior of all composite samples was investigated. Depending on the percentage ratios of SIC and AlN reinforcement elements in the matrix, it was seen that the compressive strength and hardness of the composites increased, and the friction coefficient decreased. While the wear rate of the unreinforced ZK60 alloy was 3.89 × 10⁻⁵ g/m, this value decreased by 26.2 percent to 2.87 × 10⁻⁵ g/m in the 0.5% AlN + 15% SiC reinforced ZK 60 alloy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials – Microstructure, Manufacturing and Analysis)

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Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Comparison Study of PVD Coatings: TiN/AlTiN, TiN and TiAlSiN Used in Wood Machining

Beata Kucharska

Paweł Czarniak

Krzysztof Kulikowski

Agnieszka Krawczyńska

Krzysztof Rożniatowski

Jerzy Kubacki

Karol Szymanowski

Peter Panjan

and

Jerzy Robert Sobiecki

Materials 2022, 15(20), 7159; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207159 - 14 Oct 2022

Viewed by 570

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze the possibilities of the protection of tools for wood machining with PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) hard coatings. The nanolayered TiN/AlTiN coating, nanocomposite TiAlSiN coatings, and single layer TiN coating were analyzed in order to use them for protection of tools for wood machining. Both nanostructured coatings were deposited in an industrial magnetron sputtering system on the cutting blades made of sintered carbide WC-Co, while TiN single layer coating was deposited by evaporation using thermionic arc. In the case of TiN/AlTiN nanolayer coatings the thickness of the individual TiN and AlTiN layer was in the 5–10 nm range, depending on the substrate vertical position. The microstructure and chemical composition of coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) method. Additionally, in the case of the TiN/AlTiN coating, which was characterized by the best durability characteristics, the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods were applied. The coatings adhesion to the substrate was analyzed by scratch test method combined with optical microscopy. Nano-hardness and durability tests were performed with uncoated and coated blades using chipboard. The best results durability characteristics were observed for TiN/AlTiN nanolayered coating. Performance tests of knives protected with TiN and TiAlSiN hard coatings did not show significantly better results compared to uncoated ones. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials – Microstructure, Manufacturing and Analysis)

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