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Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent...
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Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World

A special issue of Logistics (ISSN 2305-6290). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Supply Chains and Logistics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2027 | Viewed by 28828

Editors

Dr. Edit Süle

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Business Economics, Department of Corporate Leadership and Marketing, Széchenyi István University, 9026 Győr, Hungary
Interests: digital supply chains; last-mile logistics; complex systems; sustainable ecosystems; smart logistics; Industry 5.0; AI
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Diego D'Urso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy
Interests: supply chain management; behavioral operations management; business process mapping and traceability; reliability modeling
Dr. Abderahman Rejeb

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Business and Economics, Széchenyi István University, 9026 Győr, Hungary
Interests: Industry 5.0; human-centric digital transformation; blockchain technology; IoT; smart agriculture; sustainable supply chain management; green procurement; augmented reality; smart logistics; digital twins
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In today's turbulent global environment, logistics and supply chains face multifaceted challenges. The logistics sector is navigating a complex landscape characterized by geopolitical instability, trade wars, labor shortages, environmental concerns, natural, political, and economic crises, pandemics, and cybersecurity threats (Wiedmer, Griffis, 2021). Embracing digital transformation, investing in technology, and adopting automation are key strategies for building stable and transparent logistics processes and maintaining adaptable supply chains in this volatile era. Industry 5.0 (Kessler, Arlinghaus, 2022) represents a paradigm shift beyond the automation-first perspective of Industry 4.0 (Burger et al., 2021) by reintegrating humans, prioritizing sustainability, resilience, and personalization alongside digitalization. This theory of transition emphasizes human–machine collaboration in a new hybrid reality via the interconnection of the virtual and real worlds through the use of cobots, augmented reality, digital twins, and AI‑enhanced decision tools (Simon, 1995). Logistics 4.0 and Logistics 5.0 approaches and methods aim to reshape the traditional internal workflows, procurement and distribution strategies, and urban and global freight processes, before finally restructuring the entirety of logistical and supply chain operations. 

These techniques have widespread applicability, finding use in the logistics domain—from procurement and inbound logistics, warehousing, inventory and operations management to distribution, reverse logistics, internal movements, transportation, city logistics, last-mile logistics, and global freight. These reshaping trends encourage the connection of technology, sustainability, and people to tackle disruptions and design more efficient, smarter, and more resilient logistics ecosystems. 

We invite cutting‐edge papers using diverse methods for exploring solutions for these challenges including nature and physical systems’ analogies as a means for optimization (Sarraj et al., 2014; Sharma, Lote, 2013; Turken et al., 2020). All submissions should contribute to the body of scientific literature and practice primarily in logistics contexts, with insights for both academia and industry. Reflecting the evolution of logistics, we are particularly keen to publish contributions that integrate the following topics:

  • AI-powered workflows in logistics.
  • Sustainability targets across the supply chain.
  • Human-Centricity: Logistics 5.0 reintroduces the human role in decision-making and operations.
  • Resilience: Through adaptive supply chain design, real-time AI analytics, and human–machine synergy, logistics systems gain flexibility to handle disruptions.
  • Sustainability: Green logistics practices, optimized routing, energy‑efficient warehouses, and reverse logistics align with environmental goals.

Related literature:

Burger M., Kessler M., Arlinghaus J. (2021) Aiming for Industry 4.0 Maturity? The risk of higher digitalization levels in buyer-supplier relationships, Procedia CIRP, Volume 104, 1529-1534, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.258.

Kessler M., Arlinghaus J. C. (2022) A framework for human-centered production planning and control in smart manufacturing. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Volume 65. 220-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2022.09.013.

Sarraj, R., Ballot, E., Pan, S. et al. Analogies between Internet network and logistics service networks: challenges involved in the interconnection. J Intell Manuf 25, 1207–1219 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-012-0697-7

Sharma, S., Lote, K.S. Understanding demand volatility in supply chains through the vibrations analogy - the onion supply case. Logist. Res. 6, 3–15 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12159-012-0083-z

Simon, H., A. (1995) ‘Artificial intelligence: an empirical science’, Artificial Intelligence, 77(1), pp. 95–127, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-3702(95)00039-H.

Turken, N., Cannataro, V., Geda, A., & Dixit, A. (2020). Nature inspired supply chain solutions: definitions, analogies, and future research directions. International Journal of Production Research, 58(15), 4689–4715. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2020.1778206

Wiedmer, R. & Griffis, SE (2021) Structural characteristics of complex supply chain networks, Journal of business logistics 42(2), https://doi.org/10.1111/jbl.12283 

Dr. Edit Süle
Dr. Diego D'Urso
Dr. Abderahman Rejeb
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Logistics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Industry 5.0
  • Industry 4.0
  • smart logistics
  • artificial intelligence
  • logistics management
  • supply chain management
  • analogy in logistics
  • IoT
  • digital twins
  • sustainable supply chain management
  • augmented reality

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Published Papers (18 papers)

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15 pages, 1541 KB  
Article
Information Flow and Logistics Coordination Challenges in Saudi Arabian Construction Projects: A SCOR-Based Qualitative Investigation
by Ruaa BinSaddig, Abdulla Subhi Ruzieh, Bahaa Subhi Razia, Reem Khamis and Bahaa Subhi Awwad
Logistics 2026, 10(8), 185; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10080185 - 11 Aug 2026
Viewed by 145
Abstract
Background: This study investigates information-flow and logistics coordination challenges in Saudi Arabian construction projects within the context of ongoing national infrastructure developments, severe climatic conditions, and evolving labor regulations. Methods: Utilizing the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) framework, semi-structured interviews were [...] Read more.
Background: This study investigates information-flow and logistics coordination challenges in Saudi Arabian construction projects within the context of ongoing national infrastructure developments, severe climatic conditions, and evolving labor regulations. Methods: Utilizing the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) framework, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 construction professionals spanning site-level engineers, logistics managers, project executives, and material suppliers over an extended 20-month monitoring period (March 2024–October 2025). Data were analyzed using thematic coding and mapped across the SCOR domains. Results: The findings reveal that logistics vulnerabilities stem predominantly from systemic information-sharing deficiencies, fragmented digital workflows, and weak stakeholder integration rather than standalone material constraints. Operational disruptions across Plan, Source, Make, Deliver, and Return are compounded by region-specific barriers including extreme thermal stress, migrant labor turnover, and high administrative fees for reverse logistics. Conclusions: To address these challenges, the study formulates a tiered, context-adjusted deployment framework for digital integration (BIM, IoT, and real-time tracking) tailored for both large infrastructure schemes and small-to-medium contractors. Staged implementation pathways and policy recommendations are provided to enhance supply chain resilience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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28 pages, 2784 KB  
Article
Unlocking Lean Potential in SME Logistics and Supply Chains: A Study on Commitment, Tools, and Outcomes Through a Systematic Review and Survey Analysis
by Abishae Noel, László Buics and Eszter Sós
Logistics 2026, 10(8), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10080174 - 3 Aug 2026
Viewed by 250
Abstract
Background: Lean management is widely recognized as an effective approach to process optimization. However, its implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), particularly in logistics and supply chain contexts, remains challenging. Resource constraints and inconsistent organizational commitment often hinder effective implementation. This [...] Read more.
Background: Lean management is widely recognized as an effective approach to process optimization. However, its implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), particularly in logistics and supply chain contexts, remains challenging. Resource constraints and inconsistent organizational commitment often hinder effective implementation. This study examines Lean adoption, leadership commitment, and implementation outcomes in SME logistics and supply chains. Methods: A mixed-methods design was used, combining a systematic literature review guided by PRISMA and PEO frameworks, followed by a structured survey. A total of 780 valid responses from SME professionals were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, and reliability assessment. Results: Top and middle management commitment was identified as a significant predictor of perceived Lean implementation success. A measurable gap was observed between respondents’ knowledge of Lean methods and their practical application, emphasizing the importance of strategic alignment, organizational culture, and employee engagement. Conclusions: The findings provide practical implications for strengthening Lean implementation in SMEs through enhanced managerial commitment and employee involvement. The study is limited by its focus on SMEs from a single country and the literature retrieved from one bibliographic database. Future research should include broader geographical coverage, multiple databases, and objective organizational performance indicators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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30 pages, 2034 KB  
Article
Financial and Market Performance-Driven TQM: The Mediating Roles of Supply Chain Resilience and Corporate Social Performance
by Mahmoud Abdulhadi Alabdali, Mohammad Asif Salam, Mohammed Abu Jahed and Ummee Kulsum
Logistics 2026, 10(8), 172; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10080172 - 31 Jul 2026
Viewed by 310
Abstract
Total quality management (TQM) is widely regarded as a critical approach for improving firm performance, yet evidence on the mechanisms linking TQM practices to financial and market outcomes remains fragmented, with most prior studies testing only direct effects. This study examines whether supply [...] Read more.
Total quality management (TQM) is widely regarded as a critical approach for improving firm performance, yet evidence on the mechanisms linking TQM practices to financial and market outcomes remains fragmented, with most prior studies testing only direct effects. This study examines whether supply chain resilience (SCR) and corporate social performance (CSP) mediate the relationship between TQM practices and firms’ financial and market performance (FMP). Drawing on the resource-based view and stakeholder theory, a conceptual model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) complemented by necessary condition analysis (NCA), based on survey data from 330 firms operating in Saudi Arabia. The results show that TQM practices do not have a significant direct effect on FMP but have strong positive effects on SCR and CSP. SCR and CSP, in turn, significantly predict FMP, and both fully mediate the TQM–FMP relationship (indirect effects: 0.381 via SCR; 0.252 via CSP). The NCA further identifies SCR and CSP as necessary conditions for achieving higher FMP. The findings indicate that the financial and market benefits of TQM are realized through building resilient supply chains and stronger social performance, rather than directly. These results offer managers and policymakers a clearer roadmap for translating TQM investments into sustainable performance outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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40 pages, 2160 KB  
Article
Maturity Model for Authorized Supply Chains
by Pablo Emilio Mora Lozano and Jairo R. Montoya-Torres
Logistics 2026, 10(8), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10080171 - 29 Jul 2026
Viewed by 470
Abstract
Background: The Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) status has become the “gold standard” for supply chain security and trade facilitation under the WCO SAFE Framework. Nevertheless, contemporary certification remain largely limited to binary compliance with minimum requirements, restricting deeper strategic evaluation of security [...] Read more.
Background: The Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) status has become the “gold standard” for supply chain security and trade facilitation under the WCO SAFE Framework. Nevertheless, contemporary certification remain largely limited to binary compliance with minimum requirements, restricting deeper strategic evaluation of security management; Methods: This article develops a Maturity Model for Authorized Supply Chains (MMASC), categorizing operators into five evolutionary levels across eight critical dimensions—Leadership, Risk Management, Collaboration and External Partnership, Access Control and Physical Security, Supply Chain Visibility and Protection, Cybersecurity, Personnel Security, and Security Culture. The model was validated through a two-round modified Delphi process and a post-Delphi consensus workshop with ten regional experts (Cronbach’s α = 0.935), operationalized through a diagnostic engine grounded in Mamdani-type fuzzy logic to reduce subjectivity in qualitative assessments; Results: The framework converts qualitative self-assessment into a crisp 0–100 maturity index, enabling customs administrations and private enterprises to move beyond regulatory compliance while aligning with the 2025 SAFE Framework updates—environmental sustainability, MSME inclusion, and ethical conduct codes; Conclusions: The MMASC provides a basis for a proportional allocation of trade facilitation benefits, such as expedited release, according to an operator’s maturity level, promoting a more resilient, transparent, and sustainable global trade ecosystem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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27 pages, 1013 KB  
Article
Tacit Networks as Informal Relational Logistics Support: Configurational Paths to Supply Chain Resilience in Ecuadorian Micro and Small Enterprises
by Gelmar García-Vidal, Laritza Guzmán-Vilar, Alexander Sánchez-Rodríguez, Rodobaldo Martínez-Vivar and Reyner Pérez-Campdesuñer
Logistics 2026, 10(7), 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10070166 - 21 Jul 2026
Viewed by 319
Abstract
Background: Logistics and supply chain resilience research typically assumes access to formal infrastructure, including contracted fleets, warehouses, inventory systems, and institutionalized contingency mechanisms. Yet many micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in emerging economies operate without these resources, leaving their logistics practices underexplored. [...] Read more.
Background: Logistics and supply chain resilience research typically assumes access to formal infrastructure, including contracted fleets, warehouses, inventory systems, and institutionalized contingency mechanisms. Yet many micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in emerging economies operate without these resources, leaving their logistics practices underexplored. This study examines how informal MSEs sustain operational continuity and recover from disruptions through tacit relational support. Methods: Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) was applied to 400 informal MSEs in Ecuador’s manufacturing, services, and commerce sectors. Tacit network structure was measured using four function-specific name generators covering transport, storage, contingency management, and informal financing. Operational resilience was assessed through order fulfillment rate and recovery time after disruption. Results: No relational-support domain was individually necessary for resilience. Six sufficient configurations were identified, with consistency values from 0.817 to 0.978 and solution coverage of 0.433. One configuration combined contingency-management and informal-financing ties despite low membership in transport and storage networks, indicating a compensatory relational pathway. Conclusions: Tacit personal networks are better understood as context-dependent relational logistics support systems than as substitutes for formal infrastructure. The findings offer bounded, exploratory configurational evidence on selected pathways associated with operational resilience in informal MSEs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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24 pages, 1234 KB  
Article
Modeling the Resilience of Agricultural Intermodal Logistics in Kazakhstan Under Dynamic Export Demand and Infrastructure Constraints
by Aizhan Kamysbayeva, Alisher Khussanov, Botagoz Kaldybayeva, Oleksandr Prokhorov, Zhakhongir Khussanov, Saule Bekzhanova, Marat Sabyrkhanov and Aikerim Issayeva
Logistics 2026, 10(7), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10070143 - 24 Jun 2026
Viewed by 587
Abstract
Background: Agricultural logistics in Kazakhstan is critical for export-oriented supply chains, but its resilience is limited by infrastructure constraints, fluctuating export demand, and insufficient coordination between market and logistics processes. Methods: This study develops a conceptual multi-level model of the agricultural [...] Read more.
Background: Agricultural logistics in Kazakhstan is critical for export-oriented supply chains, but its resilience is limited by infrastructure constraints, fluctuating export demand, and insufficient coordination between market and logistics processes. Methods: This study develops a conceptual multi-level model of the agricultural logistics system and a hybrid simulation model combining system dynamics and discrete-event simulation to analyze intermodal transportation under demand and capacity constraints. The model integrates demand formation, storage, transport, and export operations, as well as feedback mechanisms between fulfilled demand, repeat orders, and logistics performance. The model is implemented in AnyLogic 8.9. Results: The conceptual model structures the interaction of key participants, logistics facilities, and infrastructure levels within Kazakhstan’s agricultural logistics system. Simulation experiments reproduce cyclic logistics behavior and show that reduced logistics capacity increases the demand gap and system pressure, while stronger market signals intensify demand and infrastructure load. The results confirm that resilience depends on the balance between demand activation, logistics capacity, and replenishment policy. Conclusions: The proposed approach provides a tool for analyzing the resilience of agricultural intermodal logistics in Kazakhstan and supports scenario-based evaluation of infrastructure and market factors. The novelty lies in combining a conceptual multi-level logistics model with hybrid simulation of demand and logistics flows. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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28 pages, 1964 KB  
Article
Identifying Strategic Dimensions of Territorial Logistics Management in Turbulent Environments: A Factor-Analytic Model for Smart, Sustainable, and Resilient Supply Chains
by Rodobaldo Martínez-Vivar, Alexander Sánchez-Rodríguez, Reyner Pérez-Campdesuñer, Yailin Infante-Díaz, Marcos Eduardo Valdés-Alarcón and Gelmar García-Vidal
Logistics 2026, 10(6), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10060123 - 2 Jun 2026
Viewed by 680
Abstract
Background: Territorial logistics management has become increasingly important in turbulent environments, where digitalization, sustainability, resilience, and governance interact to shape regional logistics performance. This study aims to identify the strategic dimensions that structure territorial logistics management. Methods: A sequential mixed-methods design was adopted. [...] Read more.
Background: Territorial logistics management has become increasingly important in turbulent environments, where digitalization, sustainability, resilience, and governance interact to shape regional logistics performance. This study aims to identify the strategic dimensions that structure territorial logistics management. Methods: A sequential mixed-methods design was adopted. First, relevant variables were identified through a structured literature review and expert judgment. Second, a survey of 376 specialists was analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) to explore the empirical structure of the retained variables. Results: The analysis identified a four-dimensional structure comprising: (1) digital infrastructure and intelligent logistics, (2) sustainability and circular economy, (3) systemic resilience and risk management, and (4) territorial logistics, governance, and accessibility. Together, these dimensions explained more than 70% of the total variance. Conclusions: The findings suggest that territorial logistics management is a multidimensional phenomenon shaped by the interaction of technological, environmental, institutional, and spatial factors. The study provides an empirically grounded exploratory framework for understanding territorial logistics and supporting more integrated strategies for smart, sustainable, and resilient supply chains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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16 pages, 1060 KB  
Article
Dynamic Resource-Capability View, Agility, and Resilience in Supply Chain: An Organizational Strategy Perspective
by Sudhir Rana and Umesh Bamel
Logistics 2026, 10(5), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10050112 - 12 May 2026
Viewed by 1294
Abstract
Background: Research on what promotes agility and resilience in the supply chain from an organizational strategy perspective is limited. This paper profiles the factors that can enable supply chain agility and resilience, with a special emphasis on organizational strategy. Method: Using [...] Read more.
Background: Research on what promotes agility and resilience in the supply chain from an organizational strategy perspective is limited. This paper profiles the factors that can enable supply chain agility and resilience, with a special emphasis on organizational strategy. Method: Using an exploratory approach, the study first identifies the enablers of supply chain agility and resilience and then applies Fuzzy Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (Fuzzy TISM) to rank them. Data were collected from experts using a literature-derived knowledge base. Results: The findings reveal key resource and knowledge-based enablers (Integration, both internal and external; Knowledge Management; Culture for Flexibility, Risk Management, Innovation, Organizational Ambidexterity, Absorptive Capacity, and Collaborative Communication) that strengthen resilience and agility, offering insights into mitigating disruptions caused by macro- and micro-level factors and global interdependencies. Conclusions: The study contributes by exploring the enablers of supply chain agility and resilience through an organizational strategy lens. By applying a rent-yielding mechanism grounded in resource and dynamic capability theories, the study advances theoretical maturity in this domain from an emerging-country context. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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35 pages, 8046 KB  
Article
Digital Pathways to Efficiency: A Multi-Stakeholder Assessment of Sri Lanka’s Marine Fish Supply Chain Logistics
by Kariyawasam Pinikahana Gamage Lahiru Sandaruwan, Robert Jeyakumar Nathan, Shavindya Laksirini Sumanasekara, Thomas Ntangere and Maria Fekete Farkas
Logistics 2026, 10(5), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10050111 - 11 May 2026
Viewed by 1396
Abstract
Background: Studies of fish supply chain efficiency often rely on price spreads or frontier-based measures, which do not fully capture actor-level coordination performance in heterogeneous, informal supply chains. This study addresses this gap by developing a composite Market Efficiency Index (MEI) that [...] Read more.
Background: Studies of fish supply chain efficiency often rely on price spreads or frontier-based measures, which do not fully capture actor-level coordination performance in heterogeneous, informal supply chains. This study addresses this gap by developing a composite Market Efficiency Index (MEI) that integrates financial performance, operational quality, service equity, and relational governance. Methods: The MEI, a multidimensional alternative to frontier-based measures, was developed and applied to data collected from 250 supply chain actors in Sri Lanka. Results: The results show a clear efficiency gradient along the supply chain, with fishers scoring the lowest (MEI = 0.44), intermediaries moderate (MEI = 0.54), and retailers the highest (MEI = 0.67), yielding an overall system efficiency of 0.55 and relational governance emerging as the weakest system-level dimension. These results indicate persistent structural differences in value distribution and in how well the fish supply chain functions as a cohesive network, driven by liquidity constraints, information asymmetry, and weak cold-chain infrastructure. Conclusions: A multidimensional supply chain assessment provides a more effective basis for diagnosing coordination constraints and enables targeted digital interventions that offer feasible pathways to improve transparency, liquidity, and inclusiveness in smallholder-dominated fish supply chains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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37 pages, 10157 KB  
Article
Quantifying Transparency in Production Logistics: An Improved Process Modelling Technique for Supporting Digital Transformation
by Krisztián Bóna and Petra Molnár-Major
Logistics 2026, 10(4), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10040091 - 14 Apr 2026
Viewed by 1529
Abstract
Background: Production systems are complex environments where logistics processes play a crucial role alongside manufacturing. Although the digitalisation of value-creating processes is increasingly important, production-supporting logistics activities are often missing from digital models. Their absence reduces the accuracy of digital representations and [...] Read more.
Background: Production systems are complex environments where logistics processes play a crucial role alongside manufacturing. Although the digitalisation of value-creating processes is increasingly important, production-supporting logistics activities are often missing from digital models. Their absence reduces the accuracy of digital representations and may lead to suboptimal operational decisions. Methods: This study reviews digitalisation solutions in manufacturing systems with a focus on integrating production logistics activities. Relevant research articles are analysed, and integration problems are organised into a problem tree supported by practical experience. Based on these findings, an extended process modelling methodology and related indicators are applied to quantify digital transparency. The methodology is demonstrated through tests on a physical laboratory model. Results: The literature review and practical observations highlight several issues that hinder the integration and quantification of production logistics activities in digital models. The proposed modelling approach addresses these challenges by defining appropriate modelling depth and placement of logistics processes, enabling a clearer evaluation of digital transparency. Conclusions: Experiments conducted on the physical model confirm the feasibility of the methodology. The approach provides an important initial step toward the digital integration of production logistics and supports the development of more effective digital twin models for industrial applications in future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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37 pages, 2212 KB  
Article
A Refined Kano Model Approach to Sustainable Last-Mile Convenience Services and Customer Satisfaction
by Balázs Gyenge, Viktor Póka and Kornélia Mészáros
Logistics 2026, 10(4), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10040086 - 13 Apr 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1491
Abstract
Background: Last-mile logistics is one of the most complex and cost-intensive segments of supply chains, particularly in densely populated urban environments where rising customer expectations, sustainability requirements, and operational constraints increasingly intersect. Despite growing academic interest, empirical evidence remains limited regarding how [...] Read more.
Background: Last-mile logistics is one of the most complex and cost-intensive segments of supply chains, particularly in densely populated urban environments where rising customer expectations, sustainability requirements, and operational constraints increasingly intersect. Despite growing academic interest, empirical evidence remains limited regarding how convenience-related last-mile service attributes influence customer satisfaction, while the sector is undergoing a revolutionary transformation. Methods: This study applies a refined Kano model to classify last-mile convenience services according to their differentiated effects on customer satisfaction. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to active e-commerce users in a metropolitan area. The methodological approach modifies and extends the traditional Kano framework. Results: The findings reveal clear patterns among last-mile service attributes. Online tracking and preferred payment options function as One-dimensional attributes, proportionally influencing customer satisfaction. Time-based delivery, flexible pickup options, and sustainability-oriented service features appear as Attractive attributes, generating additional increases in service value. In contrast, advanced technological solutions such as drone or autonomous vehicle delivery were perceived as Indifferent attributes. These interpretations are further nuanced by the fuzzy approach. Conclusions: The results provide important insights and validation for consumer-centered service design and support the prioritization of investments aimed at developing sustainable and customer-oriented last-mile logistics systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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21 pages, 1930 KB  
Article
Targeting Toward Optimal Inventory in Automotive Industry—An Analysis Based on Six Sigma Methodology
by Ionela-Roxana Puiu, Ioana Mădălina Petre and Mircea Boșcoianu
Logistics 2026, 10(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10010008 - 27 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2565
Abstract
Background: This paper presents an analysis and a structured framework for improving inventory accuracy in an automotive factory, considering the current context of global disruptions. In 2023, the company recorded 20,340 inventory adjustments (1695 per month) and a 0.24% monthly net value [...] Read more.
Background: This paper presents an analysis and a structured framework for improving inventory accuracy in an automotive factory, considering the current context of global disruptions. In 2023, the company recorded 20,340 inventory adjustments (1695 per month) and a 0.24% monthly net value discrepancy (EUR 256,594 YTD), with a baseline absolute discrepancy of 2.21% of sales. The project aimed to reduce adjustments to below 700 per month and the net value discrepancy to 0.1%. Methods: The research followed the Six Sigma methodology’s Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (DMAIC) phases, integrating Root Cause Analysis (RCA) and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to enhance inventory accuracy in manufacturing operations. Results: Implementation significantly improved inventory accuracy: monthly adjustments decreased from 1695 to 971, the highest RPN was reduced from 576 to 144, and the absolute discrepancy-to-sales ratio stabilized at 0.98% (a 56% improvement). Financial variance was reduced to EUR 1948.10 in Q4 2024, while organizational discipline, role clarity and process control also increased. Conclusions: The integrated DMAIC–RCA–FMEA framework proved effective and replicable, enabling systematic identification of root causes, targeted corrective actions and sustainable KPI-driven improvements. The results demonstrate a scalable approach to inventory optimization that supports operational resilience and supply chain performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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25 pages, 1881 KB  
Article
RFID-Enhanced Modified Two-Bin System for Reducing Excess Inventory of FMCG Industry
by Shuvojit Das, Gazi Md. Mahbubul Alam Rajin, Md. Nazmul Hasan Sarker, Md. Mahraj Uddin, Golam Sakaline and Edit Süle
Logistics 2025, 9(4), 167; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics9040167 - 24 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2424
Abstract
Background: Globally, in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry, excess inventory results from the bullwhip effect. Earlier, barcode-based two-bin systems were limited by manual scanning; hence, a more responsive system is needed to align the inventory with real-time demand. Prior studies have [...] Read more.
Background: Globally, in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry, excess inventory results from the bullwhip effect. Earlier, barcode-based two-bin systems were limited by manual scanning; hence, a more responsive system is needed to align the inventory with real-time demand. Prior studies have predominantly concentrated on mitigating demand fluctuations and employed comparatively low-efficiency systems, hindering excess inventory (EI) reduction. Methods: This study proposes identifying research gaps, considering the distributor-manufacturer relationship, and developing an RFID-based modified two-bin system and mathematical model to reduce EI and control over manufacturers’ excessive cost. Results: This study tested through Python-based simulation using historical data from an FMCG manufacturer, and the proposed model achieved a reduction in 67% EI and 73% month-wise holding costs. Moreover, the integration of the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm optimizes rework rates within budget, including reworking shop-floor and holding costs, contributing to a monthly excessive cost reduction of 34–48%, alongside a corresponding 41–44% cumulative excessive cost reduction. Conclusions: Bringing significant implications on digitalized SCM, this study offers a practical and scalable solution for perishable FMCG items facing demand variability and budget constraints. Collectively, this novel perspective bridges research gaps and motivates future research for embedding trend-aligned parameters, enhancing the model’s performance through diverse SCM contexts like safety stock and backorder cost optimization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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17 pages, 1626 KB  
Article
Modal Distribution Diversification and Intermodal Transport Analysis in Europe: A Comprehensive Investigation of Freight Transport Patterns
by Ana Castro, Gabriel Ludke, Vânia Dias, Sónia Longras, Edit Sule, Estela Vilhena and António Rocha
Logistics 2025, 9(4), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics9040162 - 18 Nov 2025
Viewed by 3236
Abstract
Background: This study analyzes modal distribution patterns across Europe and 28 European countries, employing clustering analysis to identify trends in transport mode utilization. The research quantifies logistics diversification, examining extreme cases and addressing gaps in understanding modal transitions affecting environmental and economic [...] Read more.
Background: This study analyzes modal distribution patterns across Europe and 28 European countries, employing clustering analysis to identify trends in transport mode utilization. The research quantifies logistics diversification, examining extreme cases and addressing gaps in understanding modal transitions affecting environmental and economic performance. Methods: Statistical testing using compositional data transformations revealed significant differences between modal distributions (p < 0.001), justifying country-specific and European-level assessments. K-means clustering was applied to identify groups of countries with similar modal distribution patterns. Results: Maritime and road transport constitute the predominant modes across all analyzed countries in the study period. Among terrestrial modes, road transport dominates universally, exhibiting systematic growth, while rail transport experienced a corresponding decline. This trend directly contradicts European sustainability objectives promoting modal shift toward environmentally superior alternatives. Romania demonstrates the highest logistics diversification with the most balanced modal distribution, while Portugal exhibits the lowest diversification due to maritime transport dominance. K-means clustering positioned Portugal within a maritime-dominated group alongside Greece, Cyprus, and Ireland, reflecting similar geographical constraints and distribution patterns. Conclusions: The findings reveal critical aspects requiring further investigation concerning European modal distribution trends that challenge current policy effectiveness, highlighting the divergence between observed transport patterns and stated sustainability goals. These results provide essential insights for addressing persistent modal shift challenges in European transport systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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28 pages, 1539 KB  
Article
Optimal Inventory Planning at the Retail Level, in a Multi-Product Environment, Enabled with Stochastic Demand and Deterministic Lead Time
by Andrés Julián Barrera-Sánchez and Rafael Guillermo García-Cáceres
Logistics 2025, 9(3), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics9030128 - 11 Sep 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5673
Abstract
Background: Inventory planning in retail supply chains requires balancing cost efficiency and service reliability under demand uncertainty and financial limitations. The literature has seldom addressed the joint integration of stochastic demand, deterministic lead times, and supplier-specific constraints in multi-product and multi-warehouse settings, [...] Read more.
Background: Inventory planning in retail supply chains requires balancing cost efficiency and service reliability under demand uncertainty and financial limitations. The literature has seldom addressed the joint integration of stochastic demand, deterministic lead times, and supplier-specific constraints in multi-product and multi-warehouse settings, particularly in the context of small- and medium-sized enterprises. Methods: This study develops a Stochastic Pure Integer Linear Programming (SPILP) model that incorporates stochastic demand, deterministic lead times, budget ceilings, and trade credit conditions across multiple suppliers and warehouses. A two-step solution procedure is proposed, combining a chance-constrained approach to manage uncertainty with warm-start heuristics and relaxation-based preprocessing to improve computational efficiency. Results: Model validation using data from a Colombian retail distributor showed cost reductions of up to 17% (average 15%) while maintaining or improving service levels. Computational experiments confirmed scalability, solving instances with more than 574,000 variables in less than 8800 s. Sensitivity analyses revealed nonlinear trade-offs between service levels and planning horizons, showing that very high service levels or short planning periods substantially increase costs. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that the proposed model provides an effective decision support system for inventory planning under uncertainty, offering robust, scalable, and practical solutions that integrate operational and financial constraints for medium-sized retailers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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24 pages, 613 KB  
Systematic Review
Integrating Demand-Responsive Transportation into Smart City Strategies: Implications for Sustainable Urban Mobility in the European Union—A Systematic Literature Review and Survey Analysis
by Patrik Eszes and László Buics
Logistics 2026, 10(6), 138; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10060138 - 17 Jun 2026
Viewed by 749
Abstract
Background: This study seeks to explore the link between smart city development and demand-responsive transport, analyze the ways of integrating demand-responsive transport into smart mobility concepts, estimate public perceptions about those phenomena, and review any international efforts aimed at promoting sustainable environmentally [...] Read more.
Background: This study seeks to explore the link between smart city development and demand-responsive transport, analyze the ways of integrating demand-responsive transport into smart mobility concepts, estimate public perceptions about those phenomena, and review any international efforts aimed at promoting sustainable environmentally friendly transport options for cities in the EU. Methods: A systematic literature review was used as a basis for the current study; it is grounded in the analysis of scientific sources available in Scopus with the application of both PEO and PRISMA models. Survey analysis was also applied in order to examine public perception towards smart cities and DRT. Results: The results show that, even though the topics of smart cities and smart mobility have received significant attention in scholarly research, their links to demand-responsive transport still need more exploration. This paper describes the main features of smart mobility, urban mobility, and demand-responsive transport as well as the implications associated with each concept from an environmental, social, and operational perspective. In addition, the current international activities and examples of sustainable and flexible mobility systems are discussed. Conclusions: This paper presents a thorough examination of the relationships among smart mobility, urban mobility, and demand-responsive transportation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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37 pages, 2933 KB  
Systematic Review
Inbound Logistics Optimization Under Uncertainty: Systematic Literature Review
by Celeste Gaxiola-Goray, Luis Alberto Rodríguez-Picón and Víctor Hugo Flores-Ochoa
Logistics 2026, 10(4), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10040082 - 3 Apr 2026
Viewed by 1824
Abstract
Background: Inbound logistics (IL) is a critical subsystem of the supply chain (SC) that supports production destined for the end consumer. Its effectiveness is reduced by uncertainty, which generates inaccuracies in production planning, disruptions, bottlenecks, and waste. Methods: This article presents [...] Read more.
Background: Inbound logistics (IL) is a critical subsystem of the supply chain (SC) that supports production destined for the end consumer. Its effectiveness is reduced by uncertainty, which generates inaccuracies in production planning, disruptions, bottlenecks, and waste. Methods: This article presents a systematic review to identify key concepts, variables, and optimization methodologies for IL under conditions of uncertainty. The PRISMA methodology and two article evaluation tools were applied. These methodologies allowed for the identification of 26,555 documents before applying inclusion and exclusion filters. After applying the selection criteria, the analysis concludes with the analysis of 39 articles that stood out for their empirical relevance and methodological soundness. Results: This study makes a theoretical contribution by integrating IL variables, optimization methods, and uncertainty within a structured framework. Conclusions: In practice, it facilitates decision-making by identifying key variables and approaches for designing more robust logistics systems in uncertain environments. Furthermore, the possibility of generating new research focused on optimization under conditions of uncertainty is recognized through the proposal of hybrid optimization models that integrate input variables from IL and formal methods to address uncertainty. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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23 pages, 908 KB  
Systematic Review
Traditional and Innovative Managerial Adaptations in Dairy Supply Chains During COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review
by Fachri Rizky Sitompul and Csaba Borbély
Logistics 2026, 10(3), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics10030058 - 9 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1586
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global dairy supply chains and threatened business continuity from farms to retail outlets. There is limited understanding of how operational-level managerial decisions supported resilience in this perishable sector. Methods: This study applies a systematic literature review [...] Read more.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global dairy supply chains and threatened business continuity from farms to retail outlets. There is limited understanding of how operational-level managerial decisions supported resilience in this perishable sector. Methods: This study applies a systematic literature review based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines. It analyses 21 peer-reviewed studies published between 2019 and 2025 across 19 countries. Results: The findings identify 8 primary supply chain challenges. Adaptive responses are classified into traditional and innovative managerial adaptations. Traditional adaptations rely on established practices such as production adjustments, cross-training, and product reallocation to stabilise short-term performance. Innovative adaptations involve structural and analytical approaches such as network optimisation, digital coordination, and scenario planning to support long-term resilience. The results also reveal differences between developed and developing economies. Conclusions: Resilient dairy supply chains require both operational continuity and structural innovation. This study proposes a sector-specific classification of managerial adaptations and highlights directions for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Logistics and Supply Chain Challenges and Solutions in the Turbulent World)
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