New Urbanization: Urban-Rural Coordination and Sustainable Development

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X). This special issue belongs to the section "Urban Contexts and Urban-Rural Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 3871

Special Issue Editors

School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Interests: urban and regional planning; urban big data analytics; urban remote sensing application

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Guest Editor
School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Interests: urban and regional planning; urban spatial structure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urbanization across the globe is undergoing a critical shift towards more sustainable and human-centered development models. Conventional approaches have often faced significant challenges, including single-function urban systems, the imbalanced allocation of urban and rural resources, the overconcentration of populations, and the neglect of cultural and ecological systems. These issues not only hinder sustainable urban growth but also exacerbate the urban–rural divide. In response, there is an urgent need to develop a new urbanization paradigm that emphasizes urban–rural coordination to achieve efficient resource flow, optimized spatial layouts, and comprehensive improvements in governance systems. This Special Issue will delve into the core challenges of new urbanization, emphasizing the synergy between urban and rural development, as well as the construction of sustainable societies.

This Special Issue welcomes manuscripts that link the following themes:

Urban–Rural Resource Flow and Coordination
  • Mechanisms for balancing urban and rural resources such as labor, capital, and infrastructure;
  • Strategies to improve urban–rural integration through policies or innovations.
Urban and Rural Spatial Optimization
  • Research on the spatial layout and morphology of cities and rural areas;
  • Approaches to achieving balanced and eco-friendly development patterns.
Social Governance and Quality of Life
  • Governance models for managing urban and rural challenges cohesively;
  • Improving quality of life for both urban and rural communities through governance innovations.
Applications of Advanced Technologies
  • The role of GIS, remote sensing, and other technologies in supporting urban–rural research;
  • Big data applications to monitor and enhance urban–rural dynamics.
Sustainability and Resilience in Urbanization
  • Studies on how to ensure sustainability in new urbanization processes;
  • Case studies on resilient urban and rural development models.
We look forward to receiving your original research articles and reviews.

Dr. Xiong He
Prof. Dr. Chunshan Zhou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • urban and regional planning
  • urban–rural integration
  • sustainable development
  • urban and rural land use
  • urban governance
  • urban–rural landscape
  • urban–rural relations
  • geographic information systems (GISs) and remote sensing

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3169 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Socially and Culturally Coordinated Development in Cities of Yangtze River Economic Belt and Its Spatial Correlation
by Zhenzhen Yi, Xianzhong Cao and Liuting Qin
Land 2025, 14(6), 1226; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061226 - 6 Jun 2025
Viewed by 343
Abstract
In the process of Chinese-style modernisation, the socially and culturally coordinated development of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is important for promoting regional coordinated development, enhancing the balance of public services, and strengthening cultural soft power. This study used quantitative methods, [...] Read more.
In the process of Chinese-style modernisation, the socially and culturally coordinated development of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is important for promoting regional coordinated development, enhancing the balance of public services, and strengthening cultural soft power. This study used quantitative methods, including the construction of an indicator system, spatial correlation analysis, and Zipf’s rank-size rule, on data from 2011 to 2021 to analyse the capacity for coordinated social and cultural development and assessed the spatial distribution characteristics of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The study found that the overall level of social and cultural coordination among the cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt steadily improved; however, significant regional disparities still exist, particularly in areas such as social security and cultural integration. Spatially, a “high in the east, low in the west” pattern is observed, with the Yangtze River Delta city cluster leading development, the midstream cluster playing a supportive role, and the Chengdu–Chongqing city cluster showing significant internal disparities. Core cities such as Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan, and Chengdu demonstrated driving effects in areas such as culture, education, and healthcare; however, some peripheral cities remain underdeveloped. This study suggests the need to enhance the development of the Yangtze River’s culture, promote the development of cultural industry clusters, foster the integration of various business models, leverage scientific and educational resources, optimise the cultural consumption market, and achieve the coordinated development of the social and cultural sectors, thereby enabling the Yangtze River Economic Belt to play a greater role in Chinese-style modernisation. Full article
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19 pages, 17708 KiB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Urban and Rural Settlements in Tanzania (1975–2020): Drivers, Patterns, and Regional Disparities
by Jiaqi Zhang, Rongrong Zhang, Jiaqi Fan, Xiaoke Guan and Hui Liang
Land 2025, 14(6), 1205; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061205 - 4 Jun 2025
Viewed by 448
Abstract
Exploring the spatiotemporal evolution of urban and rural settlements in African countries could provide critical insights into the patterns of urbanization, regional disparities, and sustainable development in the context of rapid socio-economic and demographic changes. Using global human settlement data alongside multi-source socio-economic [...] Read more.
Exploring the spatiotemporal evolution of urban and rural settlements in African countries could provide critical insights into the patterns of urbanization, regional disparities, and sustainable development in the context of rapid socio-economic and demographic changes. Using global human settlement data alongside multi-source socio-economic and environmental datasets, this study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of human settlements in Tanzania from 1975 to 2020. A combination of methods, including hotspot analysis, standard deviation ellipse analysis, and geographic detectors, is employed to examine the characteristics of settlement evolution and the underlying factors contributing to regional differentiation. The findings reveal that over the past 45 years, the expansion of urban centers and urban clusters in Tanzania has significantly accelerated, while rural areas have experienced a corresponding decline, reflecting a shift from low-density to high-density settlements and a transformation from rural to urban landscapes. Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, and Arusha have consistently been hotspots for urban center growth, while Kagera has emerged as a primary hotspot for urban clusters. The distribution of rural hotspots and coldspots generally mirrors that of urban clusters. The spatial distribution of urban centers, urban clusters, and rural areas follows a northwest–southeast orientation, with the spatial distribution of urban centers gradually stabilizing. However, the development gap between urban clusters in the northwest and rural areas in the southeast is widening and narrowing, respectively. Socio-economic factors exert a stronger influence on the development of settlements than natural environmental factors. Population density, GDP density, and road network density are significant drivers of settlement patterns, with their influence intensifying over time. Full article
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18 pages, 4228 KiB  
Article
Spatial Mismatch Between Transportation Development and Tourism Spatial Vitality in Yunnan Province in the Context of Urban–Rural Integration
by Juhua Gao, Xingwu Duan, Qinglong Wang, Zijiang Yang, Ronghua Zhong, Xiaodie Yuan and Xiong He
Land 2025, 14(5), 1017; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14051017 - 7 May 2025
Viewed by 546
Abstract
As China’s urban–rural integration progresses, the connections between urban and rural areas continue to strengthen, making the spatial matching between transportation infrastructure and tourism resources increasingly crucial for coordinated regional development. This study investigates the spatial–temporal mismatch between transportation development and tourism spatial [...] Read more.
As China’s urban–rural integration progresses, the connections between urban and rural areas continue to strengthen, making the spatial matching between transportation infrastructure and tourism resources increasingly crucial for coordinated regional development. This study investigates the spatial–temporal mismatch between transportation development and tourism spatial vitality in Yunnan Province, proposing optimization strategies to improve their coordination. Using Weibo check-in big data and OpenStreetMap transportation network data, we apply Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) networks and bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis to examine this relationship. The results show strong transportation–tourism matching in Kunming and surrounding areas. However, northwest and southern Yunnan exhibit significant mismatches—despite transportation improvements, underdeveloped tourism resources constrain vitality growth. Particularly in some remote regions, well-developed transportation infrastructure coexists with low tourism vitality, revealing persistent spatial mismatches between transport facilities and tourism resources. In general, transportation infrastructure development generally enhances tourism spatial vitality, but requires coordinated tourism resource development and market demand alignment. The study results provide a basis for improving the coordinated development of transportation and tourism, offering practical guidance for policymakers to promote balanced regional development and urban–rural integration. Full article
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21 pages, 4770 KiB  
Article
Simulation of Multi-Scale Water Supply Service Flow Pathways and Ecological Compensation for Urban–Rural Sustainability: A Case Study of the Fenhe River Basin
by Fei Duan, Siyu Wen, Xuening Fan, Jiacheng Li, Ran Zhou, Jiansheng Wu and Chengcheng Dong
Land 2025, 14(4), 664; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14040664 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 469
Abstract
Neglecting ecosystem services has impeded sustainable urban–rural development, particularly in terms of the efficient flow of water supply services between urban and rural areas. This study focuses on the Fenhe River Basin, evaluating water supply and demand at the sub-basin, as well as [...] Read more.
Neglecting ecosystem services has impeded sustainable urban–rural development, particularly in terms of the efficient flow of water supply services between urban and rural areas. This study focuses on the Fenhe River Basin, evaluating water supply and demand at the sub-basin, as well as county levels. Using the InVEST model to analyze basin-level geographic, meteorological, hydrological, and socio-economic data, the study reveals significant spatial and temporal mismatches between water supply and demand from 2010 to 2020. Through the calculated ecosystem services supply and demand ratio (0.3731 in 2010, −0.1555 in 2015, and −0.1063 in 2020), it is found although both supply and demand increased over the period, persistent deficits emerged, with water supply concentrated in upstream areas and demand primarily in downstream regions. The improved network connectivity by 2020, supported by water-saving policies and technological advancements, partially alleviated earlier imbalances. This research contributes a multi-scale framework to analyze ecosystem service flows and compensation mechanisms across grid, sub-basin, and county scales. Overall, the study underscores that research into ecological compensation plays a crucial role in enabling efficient resource flow, enhancing governance systems, and fostering an ecologically friendly urban–rural development model. Full article
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26 pages, 4804 KiB  
Article
Research on the Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Impact of China’s Digital Economy and Green Innovation
by Chunshan Zhou, Xiaoli Wei, Xiangjun Dai and Guojun Zhang
Land 2025, 14(3), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14030633 - 17 Mar 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 571
Abstract
It is of great significance to study the impact of China’s digital economy on green innovation under present conditions. In this work, panel data were used, and research tools such as the entropy method, the Markov chain with a spatial Markov probability transition [...] Read more.
It is of great significance to study the impact of China’s digital economy on green innovation under present conditions. In this work, panel data were used, and research tools such as the entropy method, the Markov chain with a spatial Markov probability transition matrix, and a spatial Durbin model were applied to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of the digital economy and green innovation in 287 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2021, exploring the influence of the digital economy on green innovation. The results show that the digital economy and green innovation in Chinese cities exhibited an upward trend. There was a basic spatial pattern consisting of “high levels in the east and low levels in the west” regarding the digital economy and green innovation, with the aggregation types primarily being “HH” and “LH”. Moreover, the types of digital economy and green innovation in Chinese cities are relatively stable, with neighboring areas influencing local changes. The digital economy has a significant promotional effect on green innovation, as well as spatial spillover effects; the differing influences over time can be used to categorize the cities into four groups, with most falling within the first two categories. Based on these findings, relevant countermeasures are proposed, seeking to further enhance the role of the digital economy in promoting green innovation. This work provides a research basis and policy suggestions to contribute to continuous improvements in China’s digital economy and green innovation, leveraging the promotional effects of the former on the latter. Full article
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20 pages, 4786 KiB  
Article
The Impact of New Urbanization on Urban Land Green Use Efficiency in the Middle and Lower Yellow River, China: An Analysis Based on Spatial Correlation Networks
by Jianji An, Qiangjun Su and Xuefeng Yuan
Land 2025, 14(3), 625; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14030625 - 15 Mar 2025
Viewed by 485
Abstract
Rapid urbanization has posed serious challenges to urban land use, especially in the green and efficient use of land. However, existing research rarely combines new urbanization with urban land green use efficiency (ULGUE), despite its significant importance for promoting regional sustainable development. To [...] Read more.
Rapid urbanization has posed serious challenges to urban land use, especially in the green and efficient use of land. However, existing research rarely combines new urbanization with urban land green use efficiency (ULGUE), despite its significant importance for promoting regional sustainable development. To fill this gap, this study focused on 60 cities in the middle and lower Yellow River (MLYR) and integrated various methods such as undesired output super-efficiency SBM model, modified gravity model, centrality indexes, random forest, and geographically and temporally weighted regression model. The purpose of this study is to reveal the impact of multi-dimensional new urbanization and its spatial correlation network on ULGUE and the results revealed the following: (1) From 2001 to 2021, ULGUE and multi-dimensional new urbanization levels in the MLYR exhibited a significant upward trend and obvious regional differences. (2) There was a new urbanization spatial correlation network between cities in the MLYR, which was dense in the east and sparse in the west, and the balance of the network was gradually strengthened. Betweenness centrality and degree centrality improved, while closeness centrality declined. (3) The comprehensive system of multi-dimensional new urbanization and its spatial correlation exerted a complex influence on ULGUE. Ecological urbanization showed the strongest positive correlation with ULGUE. In contrast, social urbanization exhibited a relatively prominent negative correlation. This study provides policy recommendations for promoting the balanced development of new urbanization in the MLYR and improving the quality, efficiency, and sustainability of development in the Yellow River Basin, China. Full article
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