Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens | Interview with Dr. Eduardo Fernandez, Session Chair of the 1st International Online Conference on Zoological and Botanical Gardens

Section 1: Introduction and research interests

1. Could you share some exciting developments in your ongoing work?
Much of my work focuses on bridging gaps between science and practice, particularly in exotic animal settings such as zoos and aquariums. More recently, I have worked on theoretical papers related to ethical animal management, including the use of reward-based training practices; better tools for assessing and improving zoo exhibit design; and tools used to help people assess welfare, including programs such as the Enclosure MonitoR Use (EMU) app.

2. Could you share one or two key challenges you’ve faced in conducting applied research, and how you’ve addressed them in your work?
Working with zoos as an external researcher itself can be a challenge. I try to focus on assisting facility and staff questions of interest, which helps bridge this gap. For example, I find it useful to start projects by asking zoo staff about the key areas and questions of interest they may have, which can then usually be transformed into testable hypotheses and evidence-based applications.

3. What emerging trends or developments in this field of research excite you most currently?
The use of technology, particularly as it is used to improve enclosures, enrichment delivery, and assist in welfare assessments. I am also excited about continued development into the study of human–animal interactions in zoos, particularly animal–visitor interactions. As a major area impacting how we exhibit animals for both optimal welfare and visitor education, the study of animal–visitor interactions—particularly how it broadens to include non-mammalian species—is critical for our future.

Section 2: About the conference

4. What do you think participants can expect to gain most from this conference? What kinds of conversations, collaborations, or connections do you hope will emerge? 
Hopefully, it helps build additional bridges between scientists and settings. This would be particularly useful for students looking to get involved in zoo research. I also think it would be useful for staff and management looking for practical and evidence-based ways to improve how they care for the animals at their facilities. 

5. How do you envision the future of academic exchange and international collaboration in zoological and botanical garden research?
I think it starts with having academics willing to do applied research in zoos, as well as zoos willing to bring external researchers into their facilities. Ultimately, I think collaborations are increased and improved through better communication, as well as conferences like this!

6. What message would you like to share with prospective participants—especially early career researchers and emerging practitioners—who are considering joining IOCZBG 2026?
Take time to converse with other participants, and do not hesitate to reach out to presenters. Communication is key for any real progress.

Section 3: About the session and its themes

7. How does your session topic reflect or address some of the most pressing questions or emerging frontiers in the field today?
We are hoping to address some of the most pertinent issues related to welfare, including social interactions and the use of technology to help improve zoos. I also think it is primarily about finding a proper blend between how to quantitatively understand animals as well as help improve their lives.

8. What kinds of research contributions or perspectives would you particularly like to see submitted to your session?
Research that involves collaborative efforts between staff and scientists—that includes advances in how we approach zoo welfare, and examinations that include visitor variables. But really, any research that is aimed at both understanding and improving the lives of zoo animals.

9. How can behavioural research presented in this session translate into real-world improvements in zoo animal care and management?
Ideally through collaborative efforts that involve both facility staff and academic scientists. Both coming together is the best way to make real progress.

Introduction of IOCZBG 2026
Conference date: 2–4 December 2026
Abstract submission deadline: 4 August 2026
Registration deadline: 27 November 2026
Conference chair: Professor Kevin Cianfaglione (Faculté de Gestion, Economie et Science (FGES), Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France)

For more details about the 1st International Online Conference on Zoological and Botanical Gardens, please visit https://sciforum.net/event/IOCZBG2026.

For any enquiries regarding the event, please contact us at ioczbg2026@mdpi.com.