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Plant Pathology and Mycotoxins
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Plant Pathology and Mycotoxins

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 4832

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Martín Gustavo Theumer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI, CONICET-UNC), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
Interests: micotoxicología
Dr. José Sebastián Dambolena

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Interests: phytopathogenic fungi; mycotoxins; mycoviruses; hypovirulence; plant–pathogen interactions; fungal secondary metabolites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Phytopathogenic fungi and mycotoxin production are the cause of great economic losses due to their effect on the decrease in yield and quality of agricultural production. Therefore, there is a need to understand the biochemical, molecular, and genetic basis of plant–fungal pathogen interaction and biosynthesis of mycotoxins. In this context, the study of new natural strategies for the control of phytopathogenic fungi and mycotoxins represents an important area of research. The study of mycoviruses from plant pathogens appears to be a potential tool for the biological control of fungal crop diseases. Therefore, there is great interest in the different aspects involved in mycovirus–host interactions.

In this Special Issue, we welcome original research articles, short communications, and reviews that cover the most recent scientific discoveries in two connected research topics: (1) plant–fungal pathogen interaction and mycotoxin biosynthesis (2) and mycoviruses.

In terms of plant–fungal pathogen interaction and mycotoxins biosynthesis, this Special Issue covers the biochemical, molecular, and genetic basis of plant–fungal pathogen interaction, the molecular mechanisms and factors involved in regulating mycotoxins biosynthesis, the role of mycotoxins in the interactions between the fungus and other organisms, and the effect of environmental conditions on mycotoxin production. In terms of mycovirus research, this Special Issue covers the identification of new mycoviruses and their effect on fungal hosts, the development of new methods for mycovirus research, the role of the fungal antiviral mechanism on mycovirus stability, and the host cellular processes altered by virus infection.

We look forward to receiving your contribution.

Dr. Martín Gustavo Theumer
Dr. José Sebastián Dambolena
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant–pathogen interactions
  • fungal secondary metabolites
  • phytopathogenic fungi
  • mycotoxins
  • mycoviruses
  • hypovirulence

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 4065 KiB  
Article
The Autophagy-Related Musa acuminata Protein MaATG8F Interacts with MaATG4B, Regulating Banana Disease Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4
by Huoqing Huang, Yuzhen Tian, Yile Huo, Yushan Liu, Wenlong Yang, Yuqing Li, Mengxia Zhuo, Dandan Xiang, Chunyu Li, Ganjun Yi and Siwen Liu
J. Fungi 2024, 10(2), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10020091 - 23 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1207
Abstract
Banana is one of the most important fruits in the world due to its status as a major food source for more than 400 million people. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) causes substantial losses of banana crops every [...] Read more.
Banana is one of the most important fruits in the world due to its status as a major food source for more than 400 million people. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) causes substantial losses of banana crops every year, and molecular host resistance mechanisms are currently unknown. We here performed a genomewide analysis of the autophagy-related protein 8 (ATG8) family in a wild banana species. The banana genome was found to contain 10 MaATG8 genes. Four MaATG8s formed a gene cluster in the distal part of chromosome 4. Phylogenetic analysis of ATG8 families in banana, Arabidopsis thaliana, citrus, rice, and ginger revealed five major phylogenetic clades shared by all of these plant species, demonstrating evolutionary conservation of the MaATG8 families. The transcriptomic analysis of plants infected with Foc TR4 showed that nine of the MaATG8 genes were more highly induced in resistant cultivars than in susceptible cultivars. Finally, MaATG8F was found to interact with MaATG4B in vitro (with yeast two-hybrid assays), and MaATG8F and MaATG4B all positively regulated banana resistance to Foc TR4. Our study provides novel insights into the structure, distribution, evolution, and expression of the MaATG8 family in bananas. Furthermore, the discovery of interactions between MaATG8F and MaATG4B could facilitate future research of disease resistance genes for the genetic improvement of bananas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathology and Mycotoxins)
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12 pages, 1218 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Ustilago maydis and Delayed Harvesting on A- and B-Type Trichothecene Concentrations in Maize Grain
by Eimantas Venslovas, Audronė Mankevičienė, Yuliia Kochiieru, Sigita Janavičienė, Zenonas Dabkevičius, Vadims Bartkevičs, Zane Bērziņa and Romans Pavlenko
J. Fungi 2023, 9(8), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9080794 - 28 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1003
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether, in the context of a higher incidence of Ustilago maydis and Fusarium spp. at optimal and delayed harvest times, a higher incidence of mycotoxin contamination in maize grains could be expected. The field experiment [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether, in the context of a higher incidence of Ustilago maydis and Fusarium spp. at optimal and delayed harvest times, a higher incidence of mycotoxin contamination in maize grains could be expected. The field experiment was carried out at the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry experimental fields over three consecutive years (2020–2022). Two maize hybrids (Duxxbury and Lapriora) with different FAO numbers were used. The experimental design in the field was a randomized complete block design. Harvesting took place at three different times: first at physiological maturity, and then 10 (±2) and 20 (±2) days after the first harvest. Each hybrid had four repetitions at different harvest times. The U. maydis infection was only detected in 2021 and after the first harvest cobs were further divided into four different groups with four repetitions: healthy cobs, cobs visually infected with Fusarium spp., cobs visually infected with common smut, and cobs visually infected with both pathogens. No U. maydis-damaged maize cobs were found in 2020 and 2022. The levels of Fusarium microscopic fungi in maize grains were also from 4 to 16 times higher in 2021 than in 2020 and 2022. Harvest delays in 2020 led to a significant deoxynivalenol concentration increase in the Duxxbury hybrid and an HT-2 concentration increase in the Lapriora hybrid. In 2021, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, and HT-2 concentrations significantly rose in both hybrids, but the T-2 concentration significantly increased only in the Lapriora hybrid. Deoxynivalenol concentrations were, respectively, 110 and 14.6 times higher than in cobs only infected with Fusarium spp. or U. maydis. Concentrations of 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol were, respectively, 60, 67, and 43 times higher than in asymptomatic cobs and cobs only infected with Fusarium spp. or U. maydis. Cobs contaminated with both pathogens also had higher concentrations of 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol. T-2 and HT-2 were detected in maize grains harvested from cobs infected only with Fusarium spp. The presence of U. maydis and Fusarium fungi in maize cobs, along with harvest delays, led to significant increases in mycotoxin concentrations, highlighting the importance of timely harvesting and pathogen management to mitigate mycotoxin contamination in maize grains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathology and Mycotoxins)
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Review

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17 pages, 1477 KiB  
Review
Pathogenicity, Mycotoxin Production, and Control of Potato Dry Rot Caused by Fusarium spp.: A Review
by Huali Xue, Qili Liu and Zhimin Yang
J. Fungi 2023, 9(8), 843; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9080843 - 12 Aug 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2024
Abstract
Fusarium dry rot is one of the major potato diseases during storage after harvest, which not only results in quality degradation but also causes great economic losses. The disease can be elicited by some species of Fusarium, and the pathogenic fungi of [...] Read more.
Fusarium dry rot is one of the major potato diseases during storage after harvest, which not only results in quality degradation but also causes great economic losses. The disease can be elicited by some species of Fusarium, and the pathogenic fungi of Fusarium causing potato dry rot are considerably diverse in various countries and regions. The disease caused by Fusarium spp. is associated with mycotoxins accumulation, which has phytotoxic and mycotoxic effects on humans and animals. Chemical synthetic fungicide is considered the main control measure for the Fusarium dry rot of potato; nevertheless, it is unfortunate that persistent application inevitably results in the emergency of a resistant strain and environmental contamination. A comprehensive disease control strategy includes potato cultivar selection, appropriate cultural practices (crop rotation, cultivate pattern, fertilization, and irrigation), harvesting processes and postharvest treatments (harvesting, classification, packaging, wound healing), and storage conditions (environmental disinfection, temperature, humidity and gas composition) along with the application of fungicide pre-harvest or post-harvest. Recently, emerging studies have indicated that eco-friendly strategies include physical control, chemical methods (such as the application of generally-recognised-as-safe (GRAS) compounds or chemical (elicitors) and biological control have been introduced to combat the Fusarium dry rot of potato. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathology and Mycotoxins)
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