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Glaucoma: Advances in Diagnosis, Management, and Vision Preservation

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Ophthalmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2027 | Viewed by 848

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
Interests: glaucoma; cataract; oxidative stress; antioxidant; surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
2. Koedo Eye Institute, Saitama, Japan
Interests: glaucoma; imaging; myopia; optical coherence tomography; optical coherence tomography angiography; visual field; visual field testing; structure-function relationship in the visual pathway disorders in glaucoma and myopia; glaucoma surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, resulting from progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve damage. With recent advances in imaging technologies such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography, the understanding of disease mechanisms and early detection has markedly improved. Therapeutic strategies have also diversified, encompassing pharmacologic treatments, an expanding spectrum of laser therapies—including selective laser trabeculoplasty, micropulse laser, and cyclophotocoagulation—and innovative surgical approaches such as minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS). In addition, long-tube devices like the Ahmed ClearPath and the Paul Glaucoma Implant are providing new long-term IOP control options for advanced or refractory cases. Artificial intelligence and real-world evidence are further contributing to individualized care.

This Special Issue aims to present cutting-edge research in glaucoma diagnosis, disease mechanisms, and medical, laser, and surgical management. We especially encourage studies focusing on long-term visual function and vision preservation, bridging structural and functional outcomes to optimize patient quality of life.

Prof. Dr. Masaki Tanito
Dr. Takuhei Shoji
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • glaucoma diagnosis
  • OCT and OCT angiography
  • laser therapies (SLT, micropulse, cyclophotocoagulation, etc.)
  • minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS)
  • long-tube devices
  • artificial intelligence and imaging
  • pharmacological therapy
  • visual field and retinal ganglion cell function

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 539 KB  
Article
Association of Corneal Biomechanical Properties with Fingertip-Measured Advanced Glycation End Products and Carotenoids in Glaucoma Patients
by Keigo Takagi, Hinako Ohtani, Chisako Ida, Mizuki Koike, Kana Murakami and Masaki Tanito
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(2), 783; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15020783 - 18 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 504
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and carotenoids are systemic indicators of metabolic and oxidative status, yet their influence on ocular tissue biomechanics remains unclear. This study investigated the relationships between systemic AGEs and skin carotenoid levels, as well as corneal biomechanical properties [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and carotenoids are systemic indicators of metabolic and oxidative status, yet their influence on ocular tissue biomechanics remains unclear. This study investigated the relationships between systemic AGEs and skin carotenoid levels, as well as corneal biomechanical properties in glaucoma patients. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was performed on 676 patients (1278 eyes) who attended the glaucoma clinic at Shimane University Hospital between May 2019 and August 2024. Fingertip skin autofluorescence (sAF)-based AGE scores using AGE Sensor® and skin carotenoid scores using the Veggie Meter® were collected as part of systemic evaluation. Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg), and corneal compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) were measured using the ocular response analyzer (ORA). Associations between systemic variables, AGEs, carotenoids, and ORA parameters were analyzed using univariate tests, mixed-effects regression models, and quartile-based comparisons. Results: The mean AGEs and carotenoid scores were 0.42 ± 0.10 arbitrary units and 338.5 ± 130.8 optical density units, respectively. Via a univariate analysis, an inverse association was found between carotenoid level and CRF; however, via multivariate analyses, neither AGEs nor carotenoid levels were associated with IOPg, IOPcc, CH, or CRF in any analysis. In contrast, demographic parameters showed significant associations with ORA parameters. Via quartile-based comparisons, a significant inverse correlation was found between AGEs and carotenoids (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In conclusion, sAF-measured AGEs and skin carotenoids showed no remarkable associations with corneal biomechanical properties. AGEs and carotenoids demonstrated an inverse relationship with each other, and each marker was associated with several demographic parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Glaucoma: Advances in Diagnosis, Management, and Vision Preservation)
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