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Special Issue "Cardiovascular Remodeling in Metabolic Disorders"

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Guest Editor

Affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: obesity; metabolic disorders; biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases; advanced glycation end products

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular remodeling is the response of specific cardiovascular cells (cardiomyocytes, endothelial, smooth muscle cells) as well as interstitial cells to different metabolic, hemodynamic, and inflammatory stimuli. Although the process is initially compensatory and functional, when damaging stimuli become chronic, it progresses to structural alterations that manifest clinically as change in size, mass, geometry, and functions of the heart and vessels.

Obesity is often associated with a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors that includes dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, and hypertension. Alone or in association, these disorders typically predispose to an increased heart rate and stroke volume, which may lead to compensatory left ventricular remodeling, non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, fibrosis, and apoptosis.

Despite novel therapeutic options, the prognosis of the affected patients remains poor. Therefore, understanding novel disease mechanisms, identifying disease biomarkers, and implementing imaging diagnostic tools can lead to early diagnosis and new therapeutic options for these patients.

This Special Issue entitled “Cardiovascular Remodeling in Metabolic Disorders” is open to basic, clinical, and translational original studies and review articles focused on exploring molecular mechanisms, diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as new therapeutic approaches to improve the management of cardiovascular remodeling and clinical outcome of patients suffering from metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia.

Dr. Elena Dozio
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

Cardiac and vascular remodeling
Cardiomyopathy
Fibrosis
Obesity
Diabetes
Dyslipidemia
Disease biomarkers
Diagnostic imaging
Therapies
Prognosis
Disease mechanisms

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Association of Urine Metanephrine Levels with CardiometaBolic Risk: An Observational Retrospective Study

Mirko Parasiliti-Caprino

Alessandro Maria Berton

and

J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(9), 1967; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10091967 - 04 May 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1601

Abstract

No research has explored the role of catecholamine metabolites in the stratification of cardiovascular risk. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between urine metanephrines and cardiometabolic risk/complications. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we collected the data of 1374 patients submitted to the evaluation of urine metanephrines at the City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin between 2007 and 2015, mainly for investigating the suspicion of secondary hypertension or the secretion of an adrenal lesion. The univariate analysis showed associations between metanephrines and cardiometabolic variables/parameters, particularly considering noradrenaline metabolite. At univariate regression, normetanephrine was associated with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.11–1.25; p < 0.001) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20; p = 0.004), while metanephrine was associated with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.06–1.43; p = 0.006) and microalbuminuria (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.03–1.60; p = 0.018). At multivariate regression, considering all major cardiovascular risk factors as possible confounders, normetanephrine retained a significant association with hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.07–1.22; p < 0.001) and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.19; p = 0.017). Moreover, metanephrine retained a significant association with the presence of hypertensive cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.41; p = 0.049) and microalbuminuria (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.03–1.69; p = 0.019). The study showed a strong relationship between metanephrines and cardiovascular complications/metabolic alterations. Individuals with high levels of these indirect markers of sympathetic activity should be carefully monitored, and they may benefit from an aggressive treatment to reduce the cardiometabolic risk. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Remodeling in Metabolic Disorders)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Glycation and Glycosylation in Cardiovascular Remodeling: Focus on Advanced Glycation End Products and O-Linked Glycosylations as Glucose-Related Pathogenetic Factors and Disease Markers

Elena Dozio

Luca Massaccesi

and

Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli

J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(20), 4792; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204792 - 19 Oct 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2245

Abstract

Glycation and glycosylation are non-enzymatic and enzymatic reactions, respectively, of glucose, glucose metabolites, and other reducing sugars with different substrates, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Increased availability of glucose is a recognized risk factor for the onset and progression of diabetes-mellitus-associated disorders, among which cardiovascular diseases have a great impact on patient mortality. Both advanced glycation end products, the result of non-enzymatic glycation of substrates, and O-linked-N-Acetylglucosaminylation, a glycosylation reaction that is controlled by O-N-AcetylGlucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), have been shown to play a role in cardiovascular remodeling. In this review, we aim (1) to summarize the most recent data regarding the role of glycation and O-linked-N-Acetylglucosaminylation as glucose-related pathogenetic factors and disease markers in cardiovascular remodeling, and (2) to discuss potential common mechanisms linking these pathways to the dysregulation and/or loss of function of different biomolecules involved in this field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Remodeling in Metabolic Disorders)

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