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Clinical Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiovascular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2023) | Viewed by 7495

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Fabrizio Ricci

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Guest Editor

Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G.d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
Interests: cardiovascular magnetic resonance; multi-modality cardiac imaging; heart valve disease; coronary artery disease; sudden cardiac death; mitral valve prolapse; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; dilated cardiomyopathy; cardiac amyloidosis; arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy; sports cardiology; heart failure; cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction; COVID-19
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am delighted to launch this Special Issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine entitled “Clinical Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging”.

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is the quintessential non-invasive imaging technique, well-recognized for its value in the assessment and monitoring of a wide range of diseases of the heart and surrounding related structures. Particularly, CMR has become the non-invasive gold standard technique for evaluating myocardial function, volumes, and fibrosis. Additionally, CMR is unique in its comprehensive tissue characterization of the myocardium, including assessment of edema, perfusion, and diffuse fibrosis, and has become an indispensable tool to aid in clinical decision making in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, heart valve disease, cardiac masses, congenital heart disease and cardiac implantable electronic devices.

This issue will walk the Readers across state of the art and emerging clinical applications of CMR imaging, and towards exciting new developments and achievements in the field.

We welcome the submission of your original research and review articles on the following topics:

CMR in the Multi-Modality Environment
Coronary Artery Disease
Heart Valve Disease
Sports Cardiology
Cardio-Oncology
Inherited and Acquired Cardiomyopathies
CMR in Cardiac Electrophysiology
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Quantitative stress CMR Perfusion
4D/5D Flow MRI
Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence

Dr. Fabrizio Ricci
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

CMR
Tissue characterization
Myocardial Fibrosis
Late Gadolinium Enhancement
Parametric Mapping
Coronary Artery Disease
Cardiomyopathy
Electrophysiology
Heart Valve Disease
Cardiotoxicity
Strain Imaging
4D/5D Flow
Quantitative Perfusion
Artificial Intelligence

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4356 KiB

Open AccessArticle

4D-Flow Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Sequence for Aortic Assessment: Multi-Vendor and Multi-Magnetic Field Reproducibility in Healthy Volunteers

by Bruna Punzo, Brigida Ranieri, Liberatore Tramontano, Ornella Affinito, Monica Franzese, Eduardo Bossone, Luca Saba, Carlo Cavaliere and Filippo Cademartiri

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(8), 2960; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082960 - 19 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1319

Abstract

Objectives: Four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) represents an emerging technique for non-invasive evaluation of the aortic flow. The aim of this study was to investigate a 4D-flow CMR sequence for the assessment of thoracic aorta comparing different vendors and different magnetic fields of MR scanner in fifteen healthy volunteers. Methods: CMR was performed on three different MRI scanners: one at 1.5 T and two at 3 T. Flow parameters and planar wall shear stress (WSS) were extracted from six transversal planes along the full thoracic aorta by three operators. Inter-vendor comparability as well as scan–rescan, intra- and interobserver reproducibility were examined. Results: A high heterogeneity was found in the comparisons for each operator and for each scanner in the six transversal planes analysis (Friedman rank-sum test; p-value ≤ 0.05). Among all, the most reproducible measures were extracted for the sinotubular junction plane and for the flow parameters. Conclusions: Our results suggest that standardized procedures have to be defined to make more comparable and reproducible 4D-flow parameters and mainly, clinical impactfulness. Further studies on sequences development are needed to validate 4D-flow MRI assessment across vendors and magnetic fields also compared to a missing gold standard. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

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12 pages, 3469 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Magnetic Resonance for Differential Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications

by Giovanni Donato Aquaro, Elisabetta Corsi, Giancarlo Todiere, Crysanthos Grigoratos, Andrea Barison, Valerio Barra, Gianluca Di Bella, Michele Emdin, Fabrizio Ricci and Alessandro Pingitore

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(3), 651; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030651 - 27 Jan 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1931

Abstract

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) may be due to different causes, ranging from benign secondary forms to severe cardiomyopathies. Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) and ECG are the first-level examinations for LVH diagnosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) accurately defines LVH type, extent and severity. Objectives: to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic role of CMR in patients with TTE and/or ECG evidence of LVH. Methods: We performed CMR in 300 consecutive patients with echocardiographic and/or ECG signs of LVH. Results: Overall, 275 patients had TTE evidence of LVH, with initial suspicion of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in 132 (44%), cardiac amyloidosis in 41 (14%), hypertensive LVH in 48 (16%), aortic stenosis in 4 (1%), and undetermined LVH in 50 (16%). The initial echocardiographic diagnostic suspicion of LVH was confirmed in 172 patients (57.3%) and changed in 128 patients (42.7%, p < 0.0001): the diagnosis of HCM increased from 44% to 71% of patients; hypertensive and undetermined LVH decreased significantly (respectively to 4% and 5%). CMR allowed for a diagnosis in 41 out of 50 (82%) patients with undetermined LVH at TTE. CMR also identified HCM in 17 out of 25 patients with apparently normal echocardiography but with ECG criteria for LVH. Finally, the reclassification of the diagnosis by CMR was associated with a change in survival risk of patients: after CMR reclassification, no events occurred in patients with undetermined or hypertensive LVH. Conclusions: CMR changed echocardiographic suspicion in almost half of patients with LVH. In the subgroup of patients with abnormal ECG, CMR identified LVH (particularly HCM) in 80% of patients. This study highlights the indication of CMR to better characterize the type, extent and severity of LVH detected at echocardiography and suspected with ECG. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

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Review

Jump to: Research

20 pages, 7169 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Role of Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Modalities in Cardio-Oncology: From Early Detection to Unravelling Mechanisms of Cardiotoxicity

by Isabella Leo, Mahesh Vidula, Giandomenico Bisaccia, Maria Cristina Procopio, Roberto Licordari, Maria Perotto, Giulia La Vecchia, Nikolaos Miaris, Paco E. Bravo and Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(15), 4945; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12154945 - 27 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1317

Abstract

Advances in cancer therapies have led to a global improvement in patient survival rates. Nevertheless, the price to pay is a concomitant increase in cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in this population. Increased inflammation and disturbances of the immune system are shared by both cancer and CV diseases. Immunological effects of anti-cancer treatments occur with both conventional chemotherapy and, to a greater extent, with novel biological therapies such as immunotherapy. For these reasons, there is growing interest in the immune system and its potential role at the molecular level in determining cardiotoxicity. Early recognition of these detrimental effects could help in identifying patients at risk and improve their oncological management. Non-invasive imaging already plays a key role in evaluating baseline CV risk and in detecting even subclinical cardiac dysfunction during surveillance. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of advanced cardiovascular imaging techniques in the detection and management of cardiovascular complications related to cancer treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

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12 pages, 1988 KiB

Open AccessReview

Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of MINOCA

by Justin A. Daneshrad, Karen Ordovas, Lilia M. Sierra-Galan, Allison G. Hays, Mamas A. Mamas, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci and Purvi Parwani

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(5), 2017; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12052017 - 3 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2233

Abstract

Myocardial infarction with Non Obstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA) is defined by patients presenting with signs and symptoms similar to acute myocardial infarction, but are found to have non-obstructive coronary arteries angiography. What was once considered a benign phenomenon, MINOCA has been proven to carry with it significant morbidity and worse mortality when compared to the general population. As the awareness for MINOCA has increased, guidelines have focused on this unique situation. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has proven to be an essential first step in the diagnosis of patients with suspected MINOCA. CMR has also been shown to be crucial when differentiating between MINOCA like presentations such as myocarditis, takotsubo and other forms of cardiomyopathy. The following review focuses on demographics of patients with MINOCA, their unique clinical presentation as well as the role of CMR in the evaluation of MINOCA. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Applications of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

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