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Lipid Metabolism and Biomarkers in Neural and Cardiometabolic Health
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Lipid Metabolism and Biomarkers in Neural and Cardiometabolic Health

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 798

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Elena Vianello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Interests: inflammation; inflammatory disorders; biomarkers; molecular mechanism of inflammation; molecular signaling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lipid species are a part of bioorganic compounds that play a crucial role in heart and neural health.

Due to their role in maintaining physiological activities like organ energy balance, membrane integrity, enzyme functions, nerve pulse transmission, or muscle contraction, different studies are now focused on the bioactive lipid compound characterization and profiling in health and disease states. Lipid dysregulation has emerged as a common feature of major cardiac and neural degenerative diseases.

Often, lipid deregulation can promote mechanical stress on the heart resulting in arterial hypertension and hypertrophic molecular signalling associated with the release of cytokines and chemokines involved in compensatory mechanisms leading to heart remodelling. Furthermore, some cytokines and chemokines associated with cardiac disorders are closely related to neural health and stability. The Special Issue aims to reveal the molecular mechanisms associated with the deregulation of bioactive lipids and cytokines and chemokines release in normal and pathological conditions associated with cardiac and neural stability. The study of novel interaction of lipids on heart and neural pathophysiology may become a good basis for potential treatments or prevention strategies in cardiac and neural health.

Dr. Elena Vianello
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • lipid species
  • cardiovascular health
  • neural health
  • inflammation
  • cardiac biomarkers
  • neural biomarkers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 4842 KiB  
Article
St. John’s Wort Extract Ze 117 and Escitalopram Alter Plasma and Hippocampal Lipidome in a Rat Model of Chronic-Stress-Induced Depression
by Hendrik Bussmann, Swen Bremer, Anne Marie Hernier, Jürgen Drewe, Hanns Häberlein, Sebastian Franken, Virginie Freytag, Georg Boonen and Veronika Butterweck
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12667; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312667 - 26 Nov 2024
Viewed by 320
Abstract
Chronic stress is a key factor in the development of depression. It leads to hyperactivation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which in turn increases the formation of glucocorticoids (GCs). Chronically elevated GC levels disrupt neuroplasticity and affect brain lipid metabolism, which may, ultimately, [...] Read more.
Chronic stress is a key factor in the development of depression. It leads to hyperactivation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which in turn increases the formation of glucocorticoids (GCs). Chronically elevated GC levels disrupt neuroplasticity and affect brain lipid metabolism, which may, ultimately, contribute to the development of depression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the antidepressants St. John’s Wort extract and escitalopram on lipid metabolism in vivo. Therefore, repeated corticosterone injections were used to induce depression-like behavior in rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were stressed with corticosterone injections (40 mg/kg, s.c.) over 22 consecutive days and were concomitantly treated with varying doses of the St. John’s wort extract Ze 117 (30, 90 or 180 mg/kg, p.o.) or escitalopram (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and behavioral changes were evaluated using a modified forced swim test. The results indicate that repeated corticosterone injections significantly decreased the latency to first immobility. Furthermore, co-treatment of corticosterone with Ze 117 increased latency to first immobility significantly compared to rats treated with corticosterone alone. To further investigate the biochemical effects of corticosterone-induced stress, as well as the possible counter-regulation by antidepressants, the lipidomes of the plasma and hippocampus samples were analyzed by shotgun mass spectrometry. Corticosterone-induced stress significantly altered key lipid metabolites in the plasma but not in the hippocampal samples. In the hippocampus, however, specific glycerophospholipids such as lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) increased with escitalopram treatment and with Ze 117, both showing significant correlations with behavioral parameters. In summary, our study shows significant behavioral- and lipidome-altering processes with Ze 117 and escitalopram in rat plasma and hippocampal samples, thereby providing new targets and biomarker ideas for clinical diagnosis and antidepressant intervention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipid Metabolism and Biomarkers in Neural and Cardiometabolic Health)
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