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Conducting and Biodegradable Polymers, a New Concept for Current and Future Biomedical Applications

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecules".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 10998

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Chemical Engineering (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
2. Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: biopolymers; conducting polymers; computational chemistry; multi-scale simulations; QM/MM MD
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

New biomaterials are playing a very important role in current and future applications of biomedicine. The role that new developing materials are playing in biodegradable polymers and intrinsic conductive polymers is growing in importance. Polymeric materials exhibiting biodegradability can be designed with planned obsolescence in such a way that they will disappear from living biological systems once they have fulfilled their pre-established function, leaving no harmful by-products, e.g., implants, surgical sutures, etc. Developments in processing methodologies are also fundamental to obtain biomaterials with optimal properties, e.g., melt and solution electrospinning, thermally induced phase separation, etc., for regenerative medicine scaffolds. On the other hand, polymeric materials with intrinsic conductivity allow one to take advantage of their electrical, optical properties in the field of biomedicine, such as possible actuators of artificial muscles, biosensors, electrical circuits, etc. However, the conjunction of both materials shows the greatest potential with the recent emergence of new biodegradable conductive materials. These have experienced rapid growth by taking advantage of both materials properties, e.g., electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, becoming an ideal material for current and future biomedical applications. This Special Issue will focus on biodegradable polymeric materials, conductor polymers and composites, as well as their properties and applications to face new biomedicine challenges.

Dr. Juan Torras-Costa
Prof. Dr. Jordi Puiggalí
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Biomimetic
  • Biodegradable polymers
  • Conducting polymers
  • Conducting composites and hybrids
  • Synthesis of conducting/biodegradable polymers
  • Structure properties of conducting polymers
  • Polymer synthesis
  • Temperature induced phase separation
  • Biomedical/biological applications
  • Scaffolds
  • Tissue regeneration
  • Biosensing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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29 pages, 4120 KiB  
Article
Thiophene α-Chain-End-Functionalized Oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as Precursor Amphiphilic Macromonomer for Grafted Conjugated Oligomers/Polymers and as a Multifunctional Material with Relevant Properties for Biomedical Applications
by Anca-Dana Bendrea, Luminita Cianga, Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei, Demet Göen Colak, Irina Popescu and Ioan Cianga
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(14), 7495; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147495 - 06 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1396
Abstract
Because the combination of π-conjugated polymers with biocompatible synthetic counterparts leads to the development of bio-relevant functional materials, this paper reports a new oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (OMeOx)-containing thiophene macromonomer, denoted Th-OMeOx. It can be used as a reactive precursor for synthesis of a polymerizable [...] Read more.
Because the combination of π-conjugated polymers with biocompatible synthetic counterparts leads to the development of bio-relevant functional materials, this paper reports a new oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (OMeOx)-containing thiophene macromonomer, denoted Th-OMeOx. It can be used as a reactive precursor for synthesis of a polymerizable 2,2’-3-OMeOx-substituted bithiophene by Suzuki coupling. Also a grafted polythiophene amphiphile with OMeOx side chains was synthesized by its self-acid-assisted polymerization (SAAP) in bulk. The results showed that Th-OMeOx is not only a reactive intermediate but also a versatile functional material in itself. This is due to the presence of 2-bromo-substituted thiophene and ω-hydroxyl functional end-groups, and due to the multiple functionalities encoded in its structure (photosensitivity, water self-dispersibility, self-assembling capacity). Thus, analysis of its behavior in solvents of different selectivities revealed that Th-OMeOx forms self-assembled structures (micelles or vesicles) by “direct dissolution”.Unexpectedly, by exciting the Th-OMeOx micelles formed in water with λabs of the OMeOx repeating units, the intensity of fluorescence emission varied in a concentration-dependent manner.These self-assembled structures showed excitation-dependent luminescence as well. Attributed to the clusteroluminescence phenomenon due to the aggregation and through space interactions of electron-rich groups in non-conjugated, non-aromatic OMeOx, this behavior certifies that polypeptides mimic the character of Th-OMeOx as a non-conventional intrinsic luminescent material. Full article
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13 pages, 3155 KiB  
Article
Poly(aspartic acid) Biohydrogel as the Base of a New Hybrid Conducting Material
by Adrián Fontana-Escartín, Guillem Ruano, Fiorella M. Silva, Francesc Estrany, Jordi Puiggalí, Carlos Alemán and Juan Torras
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(23), 13165; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313165 - 06 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2308
Abstract
In the present study, a composite made of conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and a biodegradable hydrogel of poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) were electrochemically interpenetrated with poly(hydroxymethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PHMeDOT) to prepare a new interpenetrated polymer network (IPN). Different cross-linker and PEDOT MPs contents, as well as [...] Read more.
In the present study, a composite made of conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and a biodegradable hydrogel of poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) were electrochemically interpenetrated with poly(hydroxymethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PHMeDOT) to prepare a new interpenetrated polymer network (IPN). Different cross-linker and PEDOT MPs contents, as well as different electropolymerization times, were studied to optimize the structural and electrochemical properties. The properties of the new material, being electrically conductive, biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable, make it suitable for possible uses in biomedical applications. Full article
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Review

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46 pages, 13543 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress on Biodegradable Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Prepared by Thermally-Induced Phase Separation (TIPS)
by Reza Zeinali, Luis J. del Valle, Joan Torras and Jordi Puiggalí
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(7), 3504; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073504 - 28 Mar 2021
Cited by 53 | Viewed by 6103
Abstract
Porous biodegradable scaffolds provide a physical substrate for cells allowing them to attach, proliferate and guide the formation of new tissues. A variety of techniques have been developed to fabricate tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, among them the most relevant is the thermally-induced phase [...] Read more.
Porous biodegradable scaffolds provide a physical substrate for cells allowing them to attach, proliferate and guide the formation of new tissues. A variety of techniques have been developed to fabricate tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, among them the most relevant is the thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). This technique has been widely used in recent years to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) TE scaffolds. Low production cost, simple experimental procedure and easy processability together with the capability to produce highly porous scaffolds with controllable architecture justify the popularity of TIPS. This paper provides a general overview of the TIPS methodology applied for the preparation of 3D porous TE scaffolds. The recent advances in the fabrication of porous scaffolds through this technique, in terms of technology and material selection, have been reviewed. In addition, how properties can be effectively modified to serve as ideal substrates for specific target cells has been specifically addressed. Additionally, examples are offered with respect to changes of TIPS procedure parameters, the combination of TIPS with other techniques and innovations in polymer or filler selection. Full article
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