Peroxisome and Lysosome in Health and Disease
A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 4583
Special Issue Editor
Interests: oxysterols; very-long-chain fatty acids; lipid metabolism; diet; peroxisomes; biotherapies; inflammation; cancer; cell cycle and apoptosis; autophagy; biological membranes; oxidative damage; biomarkers; neurodegenerative diseases
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Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
This Special Issue is dedicated to peroxisomes and lysosomes, identified by C. De Duve.
Peroxisomes are genome-free intracellular organelles performing essential metabolic functions: beta-oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids, catabolism of prostaglandins and polyamines, first reactions in the biogenesis of plasmalogens (e.g., PAF-acetate) and bile salts, degradation of H202 , etc. There are many peroxisomal diseases, e.g., genetic disorders, which affect peroxisome formation or impair a single enzymatic or transport function. With the exception of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, these diseases are transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. Their presentation is heterogeneous, with neonatal, infantile, and adult forms. In recent years, peroxisomes have also been implicated in immunity.
Lysosomes, small spherical structures delimited by a lipid membrane and located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, are cellular organelles whose hydrolytic enzymes play an essential role in the degradation of intracellular molecules and organelles (autophagy) and in the destruction of molecules ingested by the cell (heterophagy). They are the site of two pathologies, one non-specific, which occurs following any hepatic damage, the other specific, hereditary, which depends on the structure of the lysosome itself, in particular its enzymatic equipment. The term “lysosomal diseases” covers around fifty disabling conditions in children and adults, all of which have one thing in common: a genetic defect that causes the lysosome to malfunction. The lysosome no longer performs its function of recycling and eliminating waste. Metabolites gradually accumulate in the cells and, consequently, in the tissues of the body of the sick child or adult, disrupting their functioning. This accumulation leads to the appearance of lesions in various organs, including the bones, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and brain, causing particularly serious and irreversible disorders.
These pathologies, whether peroxisomal or lysosomal, have few treatments available. We therefore need to know more about these organelles and their functions in order to better understand the pathophysiology of their associated diseases and thus identify possible new treatments.
Dr. Anne Vejux
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- peroxisomes
- lysosomes
- autophagy
- lysosomal diseases
- peroxidase
- oxidative stress
- acid hydrolase
- lysosomal storage disease(LSD)
- gaucher disease
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