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Molecular Advances in Periodontitis Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2024) | Viewed by 2224

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
Interests: periodontitis; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8) and related factors; synthetic MMP-inhibitors; chair-side/bed-side/point-of-care MMP-diagnostic tests in periodontitis and related systemic diseases
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Periodontal and peri-implant tissues are mainly made up of type I collagen, and collagen breakdown is one of the main pathologic events in active periodontal degeneration, related to periodontitis and peri-implantitis destructive lesions. In addition to traditional clinical and radiological diagnostic measurements, the diagnosis of periodontal and peri-implant diseases can additionally be refined with immunological and microbiological tests, utilizing oral fluids or dental plaque. For example, The point of care tests (POCTs) are welcome and possible to be determined from the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF), and other oral fluids such as mouth rinse and saliva. We can monitor important processes such as periodontal soft tissue inflammation, alveolar bone loss, etc., through various biomarkers such as matrix metalloproteinase, collagen telopeptidase, α2-macroglobulin, etc. We also wish to address the investigation of different adjunctive host-modulating periodontal therapies to support classical periodontal treatment (i.e., anti-infective treatment/scaling and root planing). The common host-modulation medications include antiproteinases, anti-inflammatories, subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline, etc. At present, modern and future diagnostics at a molecular level and host-modulating anti-infective therapies and means are needed for proper diagnosis, treatment, and plaque control in periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Utilizing these, one can prevent and cease the progression of periodontitis and peri-implantitis and support the maintenance of periodontal and peri-implant treatment outcomes and health.

This Special Issue is now soliciting papers on topics related to molecular-level diagnosis and periodontitis treatment.

Prof. Dr. Timo Sorsa
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • periodontitis
  • peri-implantitis
  • point-of-care diagnostic
  • molecular diagnostic
  • metalloproteinase 8
  • biomarkers
  • host-modulation medication
  • plaque control

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2080 KiB  
Article
aMMP-8 POCT vs. Other Potential Biomarkers in Chair-Side Diagnostics and Treatment Monitoring of Severe Periodontitis
by Nur Rahman Ahmad Seno Aji, Ismo T. Räisänen, Nilminie Rathnayake, Fionnuala T. Lundy, Maelíosa T. C. Mc Crudden, Lata Goyal, Timo Sorsa and Shipra Gupta
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9421; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179421 - 30 Aug 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1760
Abstract
This study aimed to compare several potential mouthrinse biomarkers for periodontitis including active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8), total MMP-8, and other inflammatory biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Thirteen patients with stage III/IV periodontitis were recruited, along with thirteen periodontally [...] Read more.
This study aimed to compare several potential mouthrinse biomarkers for periodontitis including active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8), total MMP-8, and other inflammatory biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Thirteen patients with stage III/IV periodontitis were recruited, along with thirteen periodontally and systemically healthy controls. These 13 patients were representative of the number of outpatients visiting any dentist in a single day. Full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters and biomarkers (the aMMP-8 point-of-care-test [POCT], total MMP-8, tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP)-1, the aMMP-8 RFU activity assay, Myeloperoxidase, PMN elastase, calprotectin, and interleukin-6) were recorded at baseline and after nonsurgical therapy at 6 weeks. The aMMP-8 POCT was the most efficient and precise discriminator, with a cut-off of 20 ng/mL found to be optimal. Myeloperoxidase, MMP-8’s oxidative activator, was also efficient. Following closely in precision was the aMMP-8 RFU activity assay and PMN elastase. In contrast, the total MMP-8 assay and the other biomarkers were less efficient and precise in distinguishing patients with periodontitis from healthy controls. aMMP-8, MPO, and PMN elastase may form a proteolytic and pro-oxidative tissue destruction cascade in periodontitis, potentially representing a therapeutic target. The aMMP-8 chair-side test with a cut-off of 20 ng/mL was the most efficient and precise discriminator between periodontal health and disease. The aMMP-8 POC test can be effectively used by dental professionals in their dental practices in online and real-time diagnoses as well as in monitoring periodontal disease and educating and encouraging good oral practices among patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Advances in Periodontitis Diagnosis and Treatment)
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