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Diagnostics
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Periodontal Point-of-Care Tests
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Periodontal Point-of-Care Tests

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2019) | Viewed by 15727

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Timo Sorsa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
Interests: periodontitis; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8) and related factors; synthetic MMP-inhibitors; chair-side/bed-side/point-of-care MMP-diagnostic tests in periodontitis and related systemic diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, the diagnosis of periodontal and peri-implant diseases is mainly based on the clinical measurement of pocket depths, attachement loss, and bleeding on probing, together with radiographic examination. However, these diagnostic procedures can assess only past tissue destruction and do not provide any information about the current disease states and activities or future risk of progression. Therefore, the need for potential biomarkers emerges to screen the susceptible sites and patients in order to intervene in a timely manner and prevent irreversible periodontal and dental peri-implant tissue destruction in both periodontitis and dental peri-implantitis. In this regard, successful and excellent work has been performed in the fields of translational and practical periodontology and dental implantology for the development of chair-side point-of-care (PoC) biomarker technologies for adjunctive chair-side PoC-diagnosis of periodontal and dental implant diseases.

Prof. Dr. Timo Sorsa
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Periodontitis
  • Dental peri-implantitis
  • Oral fluids
  • Biomarkers
  • Chair-side
  • Point-of-care diagnosis

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 628 KiB  
Communication
Active MMP-8 (aMMP-8) as a Grading and Staging Biomarker in the Periodontitis Classification
by Timo Sorsa, Saeed Alassiri, Andreas Grigoriadis, Ismo T. Räisänen, Pirjo Pärnänen, Solomon O. Nwhator, Dirk-Rolf Gieselmann and Dimitra Sakellari
Diagnostics 2020, 10(2), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10020061 - 22 Jan 2020
Cited by 93 | Viewed by 5878
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of incorporating active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) as a biomarker into the new periodontitis classification system (stage/grade) presented in 2018. This study included 150 Greek adults aged 25–78, of whom 74 were men and [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of incorporating active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) as a biomarker into the new periodontitis classification system (stage/grade) presented in 2018. This study included 150 Greek adults aged 25–78, of whom 74 were men and 76 women. Participants were tested with an aMMP-8 point-of-care mouthrinse test, after which a full-mouth clinical examination was performed to assess their periodontal and oral health. The aMMP-8 levels in mouthrinse were significantly lower among healthy patients compared with patients in more severe periodontitis stages and grades (Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn–Bonferroni test for pairwise post-hoc comparisons; p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, aMMP-8 levels were less correlated with plaque levels than bleeding on probing (BOP) (Spearman’s rho = 0.269, p < 0.001; Spearman’s rho = 0.586, p < 0.001); respectively). Thus, aMMP-8 was more robust to the confounding effects of oral hygiene than traditional periodontal parameter bleeding on probing. The aMMP-8 point-of-care mouthrinse test can be utilized as an adjunctive and preventive diagnostic tool to identify periodontal disease, classified by stage and grade, and ongoing periodontal breakdown chairside in clinical practice in only 5 min. Overall, integrating aMMP-8 into the new periodontitis classification system seems beneficial. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Point-of-Care Tests)
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Review

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13 pages, 1167 KiB  
Review
Periodontitis Impact in Interleukin-6 Serum Levels in Solid Organ Transplanted Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Vanessa Machado, João Botelho, Joana Lopes, Mariana Patrão, Ricardo Alves, Leandro Chambrone, Gil Alcoforado and José João Mendes
Diagnostics 2020, 10(4), 184; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10040184 - 27 Mar 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3483
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to investigate the influence of periodontitis on post-transplant IL-6 serum levels of solid organ transplanted patients as compared to healthy subjects. Four databases (PubMed, Scholar, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) were searched up to February 2020 (PROSPERO CRD42018107817). Case-control and cohort [...] Read more.
This systematic review aimed to investigate the influence of periodontitis on post-transplant IL-6 serum levels of solid organ transplanted patients as compared to healthy subjects. Four databases (PubMed, Scholar, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) were searched up to February 2020 (PROSPERO CRD42018107817). Case-control and cohort studies on the association of IL-6 serum levels with a periodontal status of patients after solid organ transplantation were included. The risk of bias of observational studies was assessed through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Random effects meta-analyses were thoroughly conducted. GRADE assessment provided quality evidence. Four case-control studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria (274 transplant recipients and 146 healthy controls), all of low risk of bias. Meta-analyses revealed significantly higher IL-6 levels in transplanted patients than healthy individuals with low-quality evidence (Mean Difference (MD): 2.55 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.07, 3.03)). Transplanted patients with periodontitis have higher serum IL-6 levels than transplanted patients without periodontitis with moderate quality evidence (MD: 2.20 (95% CI: 1.00, 3.39)). We found low-quality evidence of higher IL-6 levels than healthy patients in patients with heart and kidney transplant. In these transplanted patients, there was moderate quality evidence that periodontitis is associated with higher IL-6 serum levels. Future research should consider the impact of such a difference in organ failure and systemic complications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Point-of-Care Tests)
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14 pages, 243 KiB  
Review
Peri-Implantitis Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Biomarkers in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid: A Narrative Review
by Hatem Alassy, Praveen Parachuru and Larry Wolff
Diagnostics 2019, 9(4), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040214 - 07 Dec 2019
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 5852
Abstract
Dental implant diseases, peri-implantitis (PI) and peri-implant mucositis (PIM), have shown wide prevalence in recent studies. Despite the prevalence, diagnosing peri-implant disease (PID) remains challenging as common diagnostic methods of periodontal probing and radiographs may be inaccurate. These methods only document pre-existing destruction [...] Read more.
Dental implant diseases, peri-implantitis (PI) and peri-implant mucositis (PIM), have shown wide prevalence in recent studies. Despite the prevalence, diagnosing peri-implant disease (PID) remains challenging as common diagnostic methods of periodontal probing and radiographs may be inaccurate. These methods only document pre-existing destruction rather than current disease activity. Furthermore, there is no current model to predict the progression of PID. Though a predictive model is lacking, biomarkers may offer some potential. Biomarkers are commonly used in medicine to objectively determine disease state, or responses to a therapeutic intervention. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) biomarkers have moderate diagnostic validity in periodontitis. Biomarkers in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) also show promising results in regard to their diagnostic and prognostic value. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of PICF biomarkers in the diagnosis of PID and evaluate their validity to predict disease progression. This review found that PICF studies utilize different methods of sampling and interpretation with varying validity (sensitivity and specificity). A number of promising diagnostic techniques were identified. Commercially available chair-side tests for MMP-8 to diagnose periodontal disease and PID activity are now available. Future directions include proteomics and metabolomics for accurate, site-specific diagnosis and prediction of PID progression. Although more research is needed, this review concludes that the assessment of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα, MMP-8) in the PICF may be of value to diagnose PI and PIM but current research remains insufficient to indicate whether biomarkers predict peri-implant disease progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Point-of-Care Tests)
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