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Public Health Research on Rare Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Disabilities".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2023) | Viewed by 6806

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
Interests: rare diseases; health systems and health services research; the research methodology of systematic reviews; medical statistics and network analysis

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Guest Editor
UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
Interests: rare diseases; patient outcome research; patient and public involvement; child health; family health and wellbeing; complex care needs; genetic disorders; participatory methods; creative methodology; multiple methods; evidence synthesis
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Guest Editor
Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
Interests: molecular epidemiology of rare and complex disorders; improving the lives of individuals living and working with rare disease(s) with a focus on diagnosis, reporting, information and communication

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In Europe, rare diseases are defined as those with incidence that is less than 1 in 2,000, while in the USA they are defined as affecting less than 200,000 individuals. Despite the individual scarcity of rare diseases, these conditions equate to affect approximately 400 million people worldwide. Rare diseases are serious, often life-threatening conditions, with approximately 80% having an underlying genetic component and 30% of children with a rare disease dying before their fifth birthday. Patients with a rare disease often face issues when pursuing a formal diagnosis, undergoing the diagnostic odyssey of rare disease, in which patients can wait, on average, six years to obtain an accurate diagnosis, and within that period they will have received at least one misdiagnosis. Although progress is continuing, with 7–8,000 types of rare diseases now documented, patients with rare diseases are still left without adequately defined care pathways, support or information. Indeed, many patients and family caregivers still report being handed information from ‘Google’. Although such diseases are referred to as being individually rare, they are collectively common, and so pose a significant public health challenge and warrant research. 

This Special Issue aims to provide a space for the collection of public health research on rare diseases, empowering those living and working with rare disease. All areas will be considered, including (but not limited to): improving diagnosis, identification of care pathways, living with and management of rare diseases, provision of information and communication amongst healthcare professionals, patients and family caregivers, charity groups and the education of the wider society of these conditions. 

Dr. Helen McAneney
Dr. Suja Somanadhan
Prof. Dr. Amy Jayne McKnight
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • rare disease
  • health inequalities
  • health and wellbeing
  • diagnosis
  • care pathway
  • orphan drugs
  • public health
  • epidemiology
  • patient registries
  • family caregiver
  • lived experience
  • Patient and public involvement (PPI)

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 990 KiB  
Article
Risk of Fractures, Repeated Fractures and Osteoporotic Fractures among Patients with Hemophilia in Taiwan: A 14-Year Population-Based Cohort Study
by Yuan-Yi Pai, Jiaan-Der Wang, Hsin-En Ho, Yi-Jung Chou, Wen-Chao Ho, Wei-Cheng Chan, Wei-Min Chu and Yu-Tse Tsan
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 525; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010525 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2854
Abstract
The world is aging, and hemophilia patients are as well. The association between patients with hemophilia (PWH) and low bone mineral density is clear. However, the incidence of fractures in patients with hemophilia is inconclusive, and no research has yet explored repeated fractures [...] Read more.
The world is aging, and hemophilia patients are as well. The association between patients with hemophilia (PWH) and low bone mineral density is clear. However, the incidence of fractures in patients with hemophilia is inconclusive, and no research has yet explored repeated fractures among PWH. In this study, we investigated the incidence of all-site fractures, repeated fractures and osteoporotic fractures amongst PWH. The study compared the incidence of all-site fractures, repeated fractures and osteoporotic fractures occurring in all PWH who were enrolled in Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2013 with an age- and gender-matched group from the general population. Eight-hundred thirty-two PWH, along with 8320 members of the general population, were included in the final analysis. After multivariate COX regression analysis with an adjustment for confounding factors, it was found that PWH experienced a higher risk of osteoporotic fracture (HR: 1.25 with 95% CI of 1.03–2.52) but only saw a neutral effect with regards to both all-sites of fracture (HR: 1.00 with 95% CI of 0.92–1.09) and repeated fractures (HR: 1.01 with 95% CI of 0.92–1.10), when compared with the general population. This 14-year population-based cohort study showed that PWH had a higher risk of osteoporotic fracture, but that hemophilia only had a neutral effect in all-sites of fracture and repeated fractures. Screening, prevention and treatment for osteoporosis and further osteoporotic fractures among PWH, in order to improve quality of life and achieve healthy aging in this particular population, remain essential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Public Health Research on Rare Diseases)
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16 pages, 649 KiB  
Article
A Cross-Sectional Study of Price and Affordability of Drugs for Rare Diseases in Shandong Province, China
by Yan Mu, Kuimeng Song and Yan Song
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13319; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013319 - 15 Oct 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2433
Abstract
Objective: The affordability of rare disease drugs has become a social issue that cannot be ignored. This study aims to evaluate the current price and affordability of rare disease drugs in China, with evidence from Shandong province. Methods: Data on prices and affordability [...] Read more.
Objective: The affordability of rare disease drugs has become a social issue that cannot be ignored. This study aims to evaluate the current price and affordability of rare disease drugs in China, with evidence from Shandong province. Methods: Data on prices and affordability of 50 drugs for 22 rare diseases were collected from secondary and tertiary public hospitals in Shandong Province, using an adaptation of the World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology. Prices were measured as Median Price Ratios (MPRs). Affordability was measured as days of daily per capita disposable income required for the cost of one month’s treatment. Results: Out of the 50 rare disease drugs, 11 drugs had MSH reference prices and 34 had PBS reference prices. Median prices of 11 drugs were higher than MSH reference prices (median 1.33), and median prices of 34 drugs were higher that Australian PBS prices (median 1.97). Thirty-six (72.00%) and forty-four (88.00%) drugs were unaffordable for urban and rural residents, respectively. Thirty-four (68.00%) and thirty-eight (76.00%) drugs were unaffordable for urban and rural residents even after reimbursement by the health insurance schemes of China, respectively. Conclusions: The affordability of some rare disease drugs remained poor with their relatively high prices in Shandong Province. Sustainable mechanisms are needed to reduce the price of rare disease drugs and to improve the affordability of rare disease patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Public Health Research on Rare Diseases)
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