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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits and Vegetables
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Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits and Vegetables

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2023) | Viewed by 14003

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Arturo Duarte Sierra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Food Science Department, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
Interests: radiation hormesis in plants; post harvest; fruits and vegetables; sensory analysis; antioxidants; plant physiology; food technology; food science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Martín-Ernesto Tiznado-Hernández

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Guest Editor
Research Center for Food and Development, Department of Horticultural Products, Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46, Hermosillo 83304, México
Interests: postharvest physiology; plant molecular biology; plant physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luis Felipe Gutierrez Alvarez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 # 45-03, Edificio 500A, Bogotá 111321, D.C., Colombia
Interests: valorization of food industry by-products by using emerging technologies; emerging technologies; bioactive compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fruits and vegetables have always been present in the human diet, probably due to their delicious taste and aroma. However, their nutritional contribution, as well as their role in disease prevention, have also become evident. Reductions in chronic degenerative diseases, for example, have been related to an increase in the dietary intake of antioxidants, vitamins, fiber, and other phytochemical compounds that are present in fruits and vegetables. The latter are non-nutrients with bioactive properties and are found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant foods and can be classified as nitrogen-containing alkaloids, polyphenols, sulfur-containing compounds, and terpenoids. Thus, it is of interest to study the vast array of bioactive compounds and antioxidants that may be present within horticultural products, their effects on human health, and the development of technologies that can increase their amount or preservation during the pre- and postharvest periods. It is also of the utmost importance to investigate new methods of extraction, quantification, and identification to facilitate the work of researchers in the field. Finally, many studies have emphasized the use of these elements as antimicrobial agents due to the regulatory restrictions related to chemical agent exposure. Thus, the biochemical modification of bioactive/antioxidant compounds is an important field to be explored.

The proposed Special Issue aims to present the most recent studies, developments, and methods related to antioxidant and bioactive compounds found in plant products. Therefore, we invite breeders, postharvest physiologists, analytical chemists, biochemists, or anyone interested in the subject to contribute to this topic by submitting articles, literature reviews, or opinions that may be of interest to the scientific community.

Dr. Arturo Duarte Sierra
Prof. Dr. Martín-Ernesto Tiznado-Hernández
Dr. Luis Felipe Gutierrez Alvarez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fruits
  • vegetables
  • phytochemical compounds
  • preharvest
  • postharvest

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2223 KiB  
Article
Effect of Exogenous Substance K2SO4 on the Nutritional Quality of Broccoli and Its Metabolic Regulation Mechanism
by Meng Liu, Wei Huang, Junhua Zhang, Zixuan Zhao, Yaqin Wang, Nazim S. Gruda, Guangmin Liu and Hongju He
Horticulturae 2023, 9(9), 1058; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9091058 - 21 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1127
Abstract
The impact of exogenous sulfate components on the nutritional quality of vegetables has been well documented. In this study, we examined the effects of adding K2SO4 to broccoli on its nutritional quality, active components, and the genes involved in glucosinolate [...] Read more.
The impact of exogenous sulfate components on the nutritional quality of vegetables has been well documented. In this study, we examined the effects of adding K2SO4 to broccoli on its nutritional quality, active components, and the genes involved in glucosinolate synthesis. Different concentrations of exogenous K2SO4 of 25, 75, and 150 g·m−2 were applied to the “Naihan Youxiu” broccoli cultivar, while the control treatment received no potassium sulfate. Our primary objective was to gain insights into strategies for enhancing broccoli’s nutritional and active components. The results showed that broccoli’s vitamin C content in each treatment was lower than that in the control treatment. The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, polyphenols, and total flavonoids in the treatment of 150 g·m−2 K2SO4 were the highest. They increased by 23.51%, 87.49%, 146.00%, and 22.73% more than the control, respectively. MDA was significantly inhibited after the 75 g·m−2 treatment, whereas SOD had the highest activity under the 75 g·m−2 treatment. Therefore, the 150 g·m−2 treatment was beneficial in improving the nutritional quality and antioxidant capacity of broccoli. The contents of PRO, SIN, NAP, GBC, 4ME, NEO, total indole glucosinolates, and total glucosinolates reached the peak at the 150 g·m−2 K2SO4 treatment, RAA and total aliphatic glucosinolates reached the peak at the 75 g·m−2 K2SO4 treatment, and ERU and 4OH reached the highest at the 25 g·m−2 K2SO4 treatment. The sulforaphane content was the highest in the 150 g·m−2 treatment, and myrosinase activity was the highest in the 75 g·m−2 treatment. It can be seen that the 150 g·m−2 treatment significantly increased the content of glucosinolates, total indole glucosinolates, total glucosinolates, and sulforaphane in broccoli. CYP79B2, CYP83B1, CYP83A1, AOP2, UGT74B1, and MYB34 were significantly up-regulated under 150 g·m−2 K2SO4 treatment and reached the peak value. CYP79F1, CYP81F4, and MAM1 showed significant inhibitory effects when treated with 150 g·m−2 of K2SO4. The expression levels of BCAT4, CYP81F1, ST5a, ST5c, and SUR1 were down-regulated under the 150 g·m−2 K2SO4 treatment, but not significantly. In summary, the K2SO4 150 g·m−2 treatment had the best effect on nutritional quality, antioxidant activity, the content of glucosinolates, total glucosinolates, sulforaphane, and expression of CYP79B2, CYP83B1, CYP83A1, FMO2, UGT74B1, AOP2, and MYB34 genes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits and Vegetables)
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18 pages, 1658 KiB  
Article
Ethanol and Methyl Jasmonate Fumigation Impact on Quality, Antioxidant Capacity, and Phytochemical Content of Broccoli Florets during Storage
by Arturo Duarte-Sierra, Minty Thomas and Joseph Arul
Horticulturae 2023, 9(4), 465; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040465 - 7 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1662
Abstract
Broccoli is a vegetable that offers valuable components, such as glucosinolates (GLS), flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA), for our daily food intake. These substances have been associated with reducing the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Broccoli florets are also highly perishable, [...] Read more.
Broccoli is a vegetable that offers valuable components, such as glucosinolates (GLS), flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA), for our daily food intake. These substances have been associated with reducing the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Broccoli florets are also highly perishable, given their elevated respiration rates and their sensitivity to ethylene. Experiments have been carried out on broccoli to investigate the consequences of abiotic stress post-harvest treatments in retarding the senescence process. Nevertheless, the influence of these treatments on the phytochemicals of broccoli has not been extensively examined. Florets of broccoli (Brassica oleracea) were exposed to an atmosphere consisting of 10,000 µL.L−1 ethanol at room temperature for 30 min and 120 min. The exposure to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatments was carried out at room temperature using 1 µL.L−1 for 45 min and 180 min. The yellowing of florets was delayed using 10,000 µL.L−1 of ethanol at both exposure times as compared to untreated florets, and the chlorophyll titers were also superior with both doses over the control. The total phenols of the florets increased by 15% and 18% with the application of the hormetic and high doses, respectively, throughout the storage period compared to unexposed broccoli. The GLS and HCA yields were also increased by both ethanol doses. The exposure of florets to 1 µL.L1 MeJA for 45 min resulted in delayed yellowing of florets; however, longer exposures resulted in yellowing after 21 d and significantly (p < 0.05) increased respiration rates relative to untreated florets. Overall antioxidant capacity of the florets was significantly reduced with both doses of methyl jasmonate; however, HCA titers were increased at both doses. The amount of total glucobrassicins within broccoli was increased following exposure of florets to both doses, but no significant differences in glucoraphanin content were observed. As a conclusion, the ethanol treatment could indeed delay senescence and lead to the induction of phytochemicals. In contrast, MeJA’s effect on quality is not quite substantial; it can, however, be used to improve the phytochemical content of florets, particularly indole-type GLS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits and Vegetables)
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17 pages, 5298 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Color, Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Mulberry Fruit (Morus alba L.) during Ripening
by Surapon Saensouk, Rattanavalee Senavongse, Chanakran Papayrata and Theeraphan Chumroenphat
Horticulturae 2022, 8(12), 1146; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8121146 - 5 Dec 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5046
Abstract
Mulberry fruits are used for food, cosmetics and medicine. Several phytochemical and bioactive compounds in mulberry fruits are widely used for health benefits. During the ripening stage of mulberry fruits, different phytochemicals are present. This study investigates color, phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity [...] Read more.
Mulberry fruits are used for food, cosmetics and medicine. Several phytochemical and bioactive compounds in mulberry fruits are widely used for health benefits. During the ripening stage of mulberry fruits, different phytochemicals are present. This study investigates color, phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity in mulberry fruit during seven ripening stages. The results indicate that the color changes from green to purple. The green stage contains high levels of vitamin c (12 mg/gDW), while the purple stage has the highest sugar levels, particularly fructose (241 mg/gDW) and glucose (171 mg/gDW). Trends of amino acids, anthocyanin and vitamin C increased initially, peaking in M6 and then declined in the final ripening stage (M7). Phenolic acid, flavonoids and γ-aminobutyric increased when the ripening level increased. The antioxidants activity was analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. It was found to have the highest contents in M7 at 19 mgTE/gDW (DPPH) and 22 mg FeSO4/gDW (FRAP), which were positively correlated with the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. This study provides information on mulberry fruit during ripening that should be helpful in designing products while maintaining its high antioxidant content, excellent bioactivity and quality for use in food, cosmetics and medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits and Vegetables)
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24 pages, 1934 KiB  
Article
Oriental Strawberry Metabolites: LC–MS Profiling, Antioxidant Potential, and Postharvest Changes of Fragaria orientalis Fruits
by Daniil N. Olennikov, Maria T. Khandy and Nadezhda K. Chirikova
Horticulturae 2022, 8(10), 975; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100975 - 20 Oct 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2889
Abstract
Fragaria orientalis is the most distributed wild strawberry in the North Asia, and it is consumed in large quantities by the local population. However, poor knowledge of the chemical composition, metabolic profiles, and bioactivity leads to the insufficient use of F. orientalis beyond [...] Read more.
Fragaria orientalis is the most distributed wild strawberry in the North Asia, and it is consumed in large quantities by the local population. However, poor knowledge of the chemical composition, metabolic profiles, and bioactivity leads to the insufficient use of F. orientalis beyond the region. The aim of our study was to investigate the nutritional value, chemical composition, and sensory parameters of wild and cultivated F. orientalis fruits, before and during postharvest storage. Sixty-five compounds were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Wild and cultivated fruits have the same LC–MS profiles, but quantitative levels varied, in favor of the wild samples. The extracts of F. orientalis fruit demonstrated high radical-scavenging potential, and ascorbic acid and various phenolics were identified as principal antioxidants. Significant variation in ascorbic acid, phenolic content, and total antioxidant potential was found during storage of the fresh F. orientalis fruit at cold and room temperatures and in defrosted fruits; storage of the dried fruits at cold temperature showed the lowest loss of bioactive compounds. The new information on postharvest changes in the phytochemicals and bioactivities provide a better understanding of the processes occurring in fresh, frozen, and dried strawberry fruits during storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits and Vegetables)
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Review

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30 pages, 1487 KiB  
Review
An Overview of the Phytochemical Composition of Different Organs of Prunus spinosa L., Their Health Benefits and Application in Food Industry
by Mariana Florica Bei, Alexandru Ioan Apahidean, Ruben Budău, Cristina Adriana Rosan, Raluca Popovici, Adriana Ramona Memete, Daniela Domocoș and Simona Ioana Vicas
Horticulturae 2024, 10(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10010029 - 28 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2224
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze prospective approaches that emphasize the beneficial biofunctional and metabolic effects of different anatomic parts of the Prunus spinosa L. on maintaining human health and improving some pathophysiological processes. Our research is based on recent data [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study is to analyze prospective approaches that emphasize the beneficial biofunctional and metabolic effects of different anatomic parts of the Prunus spinosa L. on maintaining human health and improving some pathophysiological processes. Our research is based on recent data from literature on the biology and ecology of P. spinosa L., focusing on its bioactive compounds. Based on such bifunctional parameters, we aim to conceptualize path-breaking approaches that have as a goal the incorporation of P. spinosa L. fruits into certain food products to make use of their potential metabolic benefits in cardiovascular pathologies and other disorders that are prevalent at present and respond to nutritional intake of antioxidants. It is well known that dietary interventions allow the search for mechanisms leading to the development of effective nutritional therapies. This review has mainly focused on the identification of bioactive and functional nutrients of P. spinosa L. that can be incorporated into diverse food formulations. This is because nutrition plays a pivotal role in the development, validation, and recommendation of the nutritional composition of food, with demonstrated impacts on metabolic processes in specific diet-related pathologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Fruits and Vegetables)
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