Advanced Technologies in Physical and Mechanical Wood Modification: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Wood Science and Forest Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 3308

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Wood-Based Materials, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Interests: wood sciences
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wood is a material with physical and mechanical properties so impressive that it is difficult to substitute it with alternatives. Due to both its physical structure and its chemical composition (cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, and other components), it is a valuable material in many applications. However, the use of wood also has its limitations. Due to its size and limited resistance to biodegradation (and weathering), it often requires additional technological treatment. Such processes are generally aimed at improving the physical, biological, and in many cases mechanical properties of wood. All reactions occurring in the wood structure, as well as its final properties, are directly related to the type of agents used for such wood treatment. In this area, we can distinguish thermal treatment, mechanical treatment (often used to change the density of the wood but also to change its form), and processes of saturation/impregnation or transformation of wood to another form. These processes result in materials with significantly improved characteristics compared to the wood used. The resulting material is often characterized not only by the improvement of a given feature (assumed in the technological process) but often additionally by other features that further broaden its application.   

The aim of this Special Issue is to update the knowledge on the latest wood modification processes and to present wood-based products with improved or modified properties. This issue is also intended not only to provide a space for the presentation of new technological solutions for wood modification but also to identify features as well as drawbacks of wood that need to be improved. Therefore, we encourage you to submit both purely scientific articles as well as review papers or even interesting expert opinions on new processes of both shallow and deep wood modification. The papers may also indicate directions for the use of modified wood or wood materials.

Dr. Radoslaw Mirski
Dr. Dorota Dziurka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • wood processing
  • wood properties
  • wood physicochemistry
  • wood compaction
  • wood thermal treatment
  • mechanical processing of wood
  • hydrothermal treatment of wood
  • new wood-based materials with improved characteristics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3742 KiB  
Article
Investigation into the Performance Enhancement of Calcium Phosphate Mineralization-Compacted Chinese Fir
by Jiafeng Yang, Shutong Zhang, Yun Qian, Haili Chen, Yunyan Peng and Youming Yu
Forests 2024, 15(3), 452; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15030452 - 28 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1115
Abstract
The utilization of wood as a construction material offers inherent advantages, including its renewability, good process property, wide availability, and carbon sequestration. However, its susceptibility to combustion and limited mechanical properties also constrain its applications. In this work, calcium phosphate was in situ [...] Read more.
The utilization of wood as a construction material offers inherent advantages, including its renewability, good process property, wide availability, and carbon sequestration. However, its susceptibility to combustion and limited mechanical properties also constrain its applications. In this work, calcium phosphate was in situ deposited in dignified Chinese fir wood, followed by hot-pressed densification. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) reveals that mineralization and densification alleviate the thermal decomposition and combustion behavior of wood, which greatly promotes the formation of the dense char layer during wood combustion. Therefore, the maximum heat release rate (HRR), total heat release rate (THR), and total smoke production rate (TSP) of the as-prepared mineralized dense wood were significantly reduced by 37%, 32%, and 56% compared with the control one. Further, the mineralized dense wood showed a remarkable enhancement in flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity, 203% and 220% higher than the natural wood, respectively. This study demonstrated a straightforward and eco-friendly approach to fabricating structural wood possessing exceptional flame retardancy and mechanical characterization, which holds immense potential for application in energy-efficient green buildings. Full article
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22 pages, 27989 KiB  
Article
Effects of Different Levels of Physical Damage Combined with Fungal Induction on Agarwood Formation
by Weiwei Zhao, Xiaochen Song, Zaizhi Zhou, Gaofeng Liu, Qingqing Zhang and Shengjiang Pang
Forests 2024, 15(1), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15010168 - 13 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1830
Abstract
As wild Aquilaria sinensis resources are exhausted and protected, China has established a huge number of plantations of Aquilaria trees and developed artificial induction techniques. However, the current output and quality of artificial induction technology have not yet met the expected results. It [...] Read more.
As wild Aquilaria sinensis resources are exhausted and protected, China has established a huge number of plantations of Aquilaria trees and developed artificial induction techniques. However, the current output and quality of artificial induction technology have not yet met the expected results. It has been found that high-oil-containing agarwood may contain particular fungal stains associated with agarwood production. To enhance the quality of agarwood, we recovered and characterized three highly active fungi from high-oil-containing agarwood and inoculated them onto A. sinensis trees using two traditional physical methods. The results showed that fungi extracted from high-oil-containing agarwood can effectively increase the yield and quality of agarwood. During the agarwood formation process, parenchyma cells, xylem rays, and axial parenchyma cells in the xylem gradually undergo apoptosis, thereby promoting the expansion of the color range of agarwood. Nine months after the treatment, the alcohol-soluble extract content in agarwood reached the standard specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (10%), and the proportions of sesquiterpenes and chromones in each treatment were 55.82%, 58.31%, 62.65%, 70.97%, and 13.71%, respectively. These results indicate that fungal induction has a positive impact on the quality of agarwood. In addition, compared to drilling and fungus combined induction, “burning holes and fungi” combined induction demonstrates better results and can further improve the yield and quality of agarwood. Full article
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