Advanced Polyphenol Research: Enhancing the Health Benefits of Polyphenols in Plant-Based Foods

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 2344

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agraria e Veterinaria, IP (INIAV), Dois Porto, Portugal
2. School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceut University, Shenyang 110016, China
Interests: polyphenol; biological activity; functional food; enology; separation of natural products; antioxidant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polyphenols, a class of secondary metabolites that are primarily present in plant-based foods, have garnered considerable attention due to their multifaceted beneficial effects on human health, including their antioxidant activity and anti-cancer and cardiovascular protection, among others. Polyphenols play a critical role in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals, driven by increasing consumer awareness about the connection between diet and health. Therefore, a further understanding of the bioavailability, stability and underlying health-promoting mechanisms of polyphenols is important for the prevention of chronic diseases, the enhancement of the quality of life, and ultimately, the creation of novel or improved healthy foods. In addition, research on the analysis, preparation, safety risks and potential applications of polyphenols will be addressed.

On this basis, potential topics for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Novel nutrition delivery systems;
  • Nanotechnology for bioavailability enhancement;
  • The impact of food processing;
  • Interactions between polyphenols and the gut microbiota;
  • Analysis techniques;
  • Large-scale extraction and purification methods;
  • The structural modification and preservation of polyphenols;
  • Safety assessment.

Prof. Dr. Baoshan Sun
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polyphenols
  • plant-based foods
  • health
  • nutrition delivery
  • nanotechnology
  • gut microbiota
  • analysis
  • safety assessment

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

24 pages, 16588 KB  
Article
In Vitro Fermentation of Green Tea by Human Gut Microbiota Enhances Bioactivity and Bidirectionally Modulates Polyphenol Metabolites and Gut Microbiota
by Kaiyin Hu, Jinxin Liu, You Su, Yijun Wang, Huimin Guo, Xiaochun Wan, Zhongwen Xie and Li Sun
Foods 2026, 15(10), 1732; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15101732 - 14 May 2026
Viewed by 211
Abstract
Green tea is highly popular due to its richness in polyphenols exhibiting broad bioactivities. Tea polyphenols, primarily catechins and flavonoids, demonstrate health benefits following biotransformation by the gut microbiota to overcome limited bioavailability. However, metabolites and interaction between green tea polyphenol and the [...] Read more.
Green tea is highly popular due to its richness in polyphenols exhibiting broad bioactivities. Tea polyphenols, primarily catechins and flavonoids, demonstrate health benefits following biotransformation by the gut microbiota to overcome limited bioavailability. However, metabolites and interaction between green tea polyphenol and the gut microbiota remains to be fully elucidated. This study investigates the biotransformation of metabolites and interaction between human gut microbiota (HGM) and green tea extract (GTE) through in vitro anaerobic fermentation. Temporal bioactivity assessments demonstrated that fermentation-enhanced antioxidant capacity and inhibition potential of α-glucosidase, α-amylase and pancreatic lipase peak at 6 h, showing strong correlations with polyphenol and flavonoid biotransformation kinetics. Using the untargeted metabolomics approach, 55 characteristic differential compounds during the fermentation process in GTE were characterized, including 15 catechins, 29 flavonoids, five organic acids and six other phytochemicals. Furthermore, nine microbial-transformed metabolites derived from GTE flavonoids were identified and the corresponding metabolic pathways were proposed simultaneously. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that GTE significantly enhanced gut microbiota diversity and induced structural reorganization, specifically enriching genera such as Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus and Enterococcus, which are likely involved in flavonoid biotransformation of GTE. Thus, the findings provide new insights for elucidating microbiota-mediated metabolites of green tea polyphenol, and their bidirectional interactions in the human gut. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

23 pages, 5811 KB  
Article
ε-Polylysine/Sodium Alginate Bilayer-Modified Nanoliposomes Enhancing the Stability and In Vitro Bioavailability of Epigallocatechin Gallate
by Zhiyang Ma, Jingjing Lv, Shuting Zhang, Yongxuan Qin, Dongmei Li, Shaodie Gao, Fang Wang and Baoshan Sun
Foods 2026, 15(5), 818; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15050818 - 27 Feb 2026
Viewed by 878
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) represents the key phenolic compound in green tea, which has been verified to possess various biological effects but suffers from low stability and poor bioavailability. To address these issues, EGCG-loaded nanoliposomes (ELs) were screened and prepared using an ethanol injection–calcium [...] Read more.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) represents the key phenolic compound in green tea, which has been verified to possess various biological effects but suffers from low stability and poor bioavailability. To address these issues, EGCG-loaded nanoliposomes (ELs) were screened and prepared using an ethanol injection–calcium acetate gradient (EtOH-CAG) method. An encapsulation efficiency of 94.61% was achieved, involving a particle size of 118.6 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.23. Via layer-by-layer assembly, nanoliposomes modified with either ε-polylysine (ε-PL) monolayer (ELP) or ε-polylysine/sodium alginate (SA) bilayer (ELPA) exhibited substantially improved stability. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal analysis confirmed the effective loading of EGCG and the successful decoration of ε-PL and SA. Molecular docking analyses of dual ligands further characterized the surface modification mechanism, which was primarily mediated by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. ELPA maintained robust stability under conditions including 200 mM salt concentration, a pH range of 4–10, temperatures up to 55 °C, and a 25-day storage duration. The modified systems showed considerably enhanced cellular uptake without causing cytotoxicity. Collectively, the developed ε-PL/SA bilayer nanoliposomes offer an eco-friendly, efficient strategy to enhance EGCG stability and in vitro bioavailability in functional food applications. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

25 pages, 5005 KB  
Article
Cocoa Supplementation Alleviates Gliadin-Induced Intestinal Dysbiosis in a Mouse Model of Celiac Disease
by Marina Girbal-González, María José Rodríguez-Lagunas, Arturo Rodríguez-Banqueri, Ulrich Eckhard, Francesc Xavier Gomis-Rüth, Àngels Franch-Masferrer and Francisco José Pérez-Cano
Foods 2026, 15(2), 370; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15020370 - 20 Jan 2026
Viewed by 693
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals which also entails intestinal dysbiosis. This hallmark microbial imbalance provides a rationale for exploring interventions that could modulate the gut ecosystem. Cocoa is a bioactive food rich [...] Read more.
Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals which also entails intestinal dysbiosis. This hallmark microbial imbalance provides a rationale for exploring interventions that could modulate the gut ecosystem. Cocoa is a bioactive food rich in polyphenols, theobromine, and fiber, compounds known to have an influence on both immune function and gut microbiota composition. Here, we investigated the effects of cocoa supplementation on the gut microbial profile and predicted functionality in DQ8-Dd-villin-IL-15tg mice, genetically predisposed to CeD. Animals were assigned to a reference group receiving a gluten-free diet (GFD), a gluten-containing diet group (GLI), or the latter supplemented with defatted cocoa (GLI + COCOA) for 25 days. The cecal microbiota was analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing, and functional pathways were inferred using PICRUSt2. Goblet cell counts and CeD-relevant autoantibodies were measured and correlated with microbial taxa. Cocoa supplementation partially attenuated gluten-induced dysbiosis, preserving beneficial taxa such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Lactobacillus species while reducing opportunistic and pro-inflammatory bacteria. Functional predictions suggested differences in the predicted microbial metabolic potential related to amino acid, vitamin, and phenolic compound metabolism. Cocoa also mitigated goblet cell loss and was inversely associated with anti-gliadin IgA levels. These findings suggest that cocoa, as an adjuvant to a GFD, could be of help in maintaining microbial homeostasis and intestinal health in CeD, supporting further studies to assess its translational potential. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Back to TopTop