Analysis of the Chemical Composition and Biological Function of Carbohydrates in Food

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2025 | Viewed by 1249

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China
3. Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
Interests: carbohydrate modification and biological activity

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
Interests: development of methods for separation, purification and large-scale preparation of natural product polysaccharides; evaluation of the functional properties of bioactive polysaccharides in immunomodulation, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, promotion of gastrointestinal health, blood sugar and blood lipid regulation; discussion on the biological activity mechanism of natural product polysaccharides based on multi-omics technology

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
2. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China
3. Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
Interests: the component changes of seaweed during processing; the structural characteristics of seaweed polysaccharides; the interaction between seaweed polysaccharides and human microbiota

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbohydrates include monose, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and complex carbohydrates combined with protein or lipids, which are widely used in the food industry as gelling agents, thickening agents, and biological ingredients. Previous works have proven that carbohydrates exhibit a variety of biological activities, such as antitumor, immunomodulatory, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory effects, etc. These not only depend on the active structure of carbohydrates but are also influenced by their digestion and absorption in the body. Therefore, the relationship between structure and functional properties of carbohydrates in food, as well as the influence of digestion and absorption, have always attracted the attention of scholar. They are research hotspots in academic circles. Moreover, various food processing, including thermal processing technology, ultra-high-pressure processing, etc., can alter the physical and chemical properties of carbohydrates in food, affecting biological activities. Thus, this Special Issue focuses on the structural design, chemical composition, biological function, digestion, absorption, and the application of carbohydrates in food processing.

Dr. Mingjing Zheng
Dr. Xiaojun Huang
Dr. Tao Hong
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • carbohydrates
  • structured design
  • chemical composition
  • biological function

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2193 KiB  
Article
Effects of Pomelo Peel-Derived Dietary Fibers on Simulated Intestinal Digestion and Fermentation of Fish Balls In Vitro
by Mingjing Zheng, Yiman Wei, Jinling Hong, Zhipeng Li, Yanbing Zhu, Tao Hong, Zedong Jiang and Hui Ni
Foods 2025, 14(10), 1818; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14101818 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 183
Abstract
The effects of pomelo peel-derived dietary fibers (total dietary fiber, cellulose, and microcrystalline cellulose) on in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation characteristics of silver carp fish balls were systematically investigated. Our findings revealed that pomelo peel dietary fibers significantly enhanced protein digestibility [...] Read more.
The effects of pomelo peel-derived dietary fibers (total dietary fiber, cellulose, and microcrystalline cellulose) on in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation characteristics of silver carp fish balls were systematically investigated. Our findings revealed that pomelo peel dietary fibers significantly enhanced protein digestibility (highest increased by 18.58%), free amino acid content (most elevated by 13.27%), and slow digestion starch content (highest increased by 64.97%) in fish balls, suggesting an improved nutritional quality of fish balls. Moreover, pomelo peel-derived dietary fibers increased the content of short-chain fatty acids in the digestive fish balls at the late stage of fermentation (48 h) and caused changes in gut microbiota with reducing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B), the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus, and increasing the levels of probiotics Bacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium. These suggested that pomelo peel-derived dietary fibers could promote the digestive characteristics of fish balls, effectively exerting prebiotic effects by regulating gut microbiota. The results could provide a scientific basis for the enhanced modification of intestinal digestion and fermentation of fish balls with dietary fibers. Full article
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22 pages, 12777 KiB  
Article
Effect of Food Matrix on Regulation of Intestinal Barrier and Microbiota Homeostasis by Polysaccharides Sulfated Carrageenan
by Xuke Shang, Juanjuan Guo and Peilin Chen
Foods 2025, 14(4), 635; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14040635 - 14 Feb 2025
Viewed by 670
Abstract
Carrageenan (CGN) has side effects on the intestinal barrier. Damage to the intestinal barrier is associated with exposure to sulfate groups. Food matrix has significant influence on the exposure quantity of sulfate groups and conformation in κ-CGN, but the corresponding side effects are [...] Read more.
Carrageenan (CGN) has side effects on the intestinal barrier. Damage to the intestinal barrier is associated with exposure to sulfate groups. Food matrix has significant influence on the exposure quantity of sulfate groups and conformation in κ-CGN, but the corresponding side effects are not reported specifically. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of κ-CGN dissolved in aqueous (κ-CGN) and in 3% casein (κ-carrageenan-casein, κ-CC) on the intestinal barrier and microbiota homeostasis. Research has shown that both κ-CGN and κ-CC can induce different extents of intestinal barrier damage through disrupting microbiota homeostasis. Importantly, κ-CGN in casein with lower sulfate groups content was found to repair the intestinal barrier injury induced by an equivalent dose of κ-CGN aqueous through increasing the abundance of Oscillibacter and decreasing Weissella. These alleviating effects were reflected in lower levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and C-reaction protein (CRP), higher levels of interleukin (IL)-10, raised secretion of mucus and goblet cells, and improved expression of epithelial cell compact proteins zonula occluden (ZO)-1 and mucin protein 2 (MUC2). This study states that κ-CGN in casein has a positive regulatory effect on the intestinal barrier damage compared to in aqueous solution, which can provide guidance for processing and utilization of CGN. Full article
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