Probiotics and Prebiotics in Intestinal Health and Disease: From Biology to the Clinic

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods, and Novel Foods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2025 | Viewed by 1788

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
National Marine food engineering technology research center, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
Interests: intestinal microbes; probiotics and prebiotics; metabolites of probiotics; intestinal barrier; functional foods; probiotics function and nutrition; human health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Probiotic and prebiotic food components have emerged as economical and safe strategies for promoting human health and managing chronic diseases through dietary intervention. Incorporated into a wide range of functional foods and fermented products, probiotics are known to modulate host immunity and protect against both infectious and non-infectious diseases. Prebiotics, often found in plant-based foods such as whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables, serve as substrates that selectively feed probiotics, enhancing their beneficial activity in the gut.

The human gut microbiota, closely linked to diet, plays a central role in health and disease. The therapeutic and preventive effects of certain probiotic- and prebiotic-enriched foods on gut-related disorders are, at least in part, mediated through alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions. Probiotic strains used in food products exert their effects by modulating immune responses, producing organic acids and antimicrobial substances, interacting with resident microbiota, reinforcing gut barrier integrity, and stimulating digestive enzyme production.

Prebiotics in food not only support the growth of beneficial microbes but also contribute to defense against pathogens, improved mineral absorption, immune regulation, bowel function, metabolic balance, and appetite control. Foods rich in non-digestible fibers and prebiotic compounds selectively promote the colonization and activity of probiotics, thereby influencing nutrient availability and gut-immune interactions.

This Special Issue will explore the expanded application of probiotic and prebiotic food products in promoting human health, emphasizing their roles in functional nutrition, gut microbiota modulation, and disease prevention through everyday dietary choices.

Dr. Xiaomeng Ren
Prof. Dr. Xinping Lin
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • probiotics and prebiotics
  • metabolites of probiotics
  • functional food
  • human health applications
  • probiotic and postbiotics
  • intestinal microbes
  • functional foods
  • probiotics function and nutrition
  • intestinal barrier

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4213 KiB  
Article
Therapeutic Mechanism of Kynurenine, a Metabolite of Probiotics, on Atopic Dermatitis in Mice
by Yixuan Li, Mingxin Li, Qingyu Ren, Chunqing Ai, Shugang Li, Huan Li, Shouhao Zhao, Donglin Sui and Xiaomeng Ren
Foods 2025, 14(10), 1816; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14101816 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 174
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized primarily by its chronic and recurrent nature. This has a significant impact on productivity and human longevity. Dysbiosis of gut flora has been demonstrated to be significantly associated with the progression of AD. [...] Read more.
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized primarily by its chronic and recurrent nature. This has a significant impact on productivity and human longevity. Dysbiosis of gut flora has been demonstrated to be significantly associated with the progression of AD. In our previous research, it was shown that Lactobacillus rhamnosus RL5-H3-005 (RL) and Pediococcus acidilactici RP-H3-006 (RP) have the ability to reduce the risk of disease in AD mice through the gut–mammary axis. Based on our previous work, this study aims to further investigate the effects of kynurenine (KYN), a metabolite of RL and RP, on AD mice induced by 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). In this study, we found that supplementing KYN in AD mice effectively alleviates the pathological symptoms of atopic dermatitis and further improves the levels of SCFAs in their intestines. Further research indicates that KYN’s therapeutic effects on AD are primarily manifested in the reduction of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) levels in mice, while also repairing the intestinal barrier function of AD mice. Overall, the metabolites KYN of probiotics RL and RP can regulate the levels of SCFAs of mice, potentially improving the symptoms of AD mice through the gut–skin axis. Full article
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13 pages, 6209 KiB  
Article
Hollow Salt Prepared Through Spray Drying with Alginate Enhances Salinity Perception to Reduce Sodium Intake
by Qian Jiang, Jiayi Yan, Chen Song, Yunning Yang, Guangyuan Chen, Fanhua Kong, Jingfeng Yang and Shuang Song
Foods 2025, 14(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14010019 - 25 Dec 2024
Viewed by 897
Abstract
Currently, high-salt diets have become one of the world’s biggest dietary crisis and long-term high-salt diets are seriously detrimental to human health. In response to this situation, the present study proposed a saltiness enhancement strategy using alginate, which is a dietary fibre from [...] Read more.
Currently, high-salt diets have become one of the world’s biggest dietary crisis and long-term high-salt diets are seriously detrimental to human health. In response to this situation, the present study proposed a saltiness enhancement strategy using alginate, which is a dietary fibre from brown algae and has many health benefits, such as regulating intestinal microbiota, anti-hypertension and anti-obesity. The comparison of alginates with different viscosities showed that alginate of 1000–1500 cps at a concentration of 1.25 g/L could enhance the saltiness of NaCl solution by 11.5%. Then, a solid salt was prepared through spray drying with 4.83% of this alginate, and its structure was characterised by X-Ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy to confirm its hollow structure with a particle size of 6.25 ± 2.26 μm as well as its crystal structure similar to original NaCl. Moreover, the conductivity monition revealed that the hollow salt exhibited a more rapid dissolution in water and its alginate component increased the adhesive retention of sodium ions on the tongue surface, which both effectively enhanced the sensory perception. Finally, as revealed by the sensory evaluation, the prepared hollow salt showed higher saltiness than that of original table salt and it could reduce sodium intake by 29%. Thus, the hollow salt prepared with alginate in the present study has potential for salt reduction. Full article
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