Dear Colleagues,

Medical ventilation has one primary aim, to transport gases up and down the human airway when a patient is unable to do this adequately for themselves. While this aim is simple, its implementation is not. The numerous physical factors include a vast range of time and length scales, the complex geometry, the presence of cilia, mucus layers and plugs, the inherent flexibility of the airway in the lower generations, and the fact that the flow must be reciprocating. These present a formidable challenge to understanding transport processes. On top of this, the gas transport needs to be achieved while avoiding further damage or trauma to a patient’s respiratory system. This has led to a series of ventilation strategies that vary in invasiveness—many of which rely on the manipulation of flows that are not well understood. There is vast potential, therefore, to optimize these strategies or invent new ones based on a greater understanding of the flow physics. This Special Issue of Fluids focuses on recent efforts to understand the flow processes that occur, and often need to be optimally exploited, during medical ventilation.

Dr. Justin Leontini
Guest Editor

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• medical ventilation
• human airway
• transport processes
• gas transport
• respiratory system