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Fluids
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Biological Fluid Dynamics, 2nd Edition
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Biological Fluid Dynamics, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 2371

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eldad Avital

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
Interests: biofluids; upper airways; airborne infection; air disinfection; UVC disinfection; blood circulatory support systems; urinary system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dong Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: blood flow; red blood cells; stenosed vessels; rheology; hemorheology; microcirculation; computational fluid dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Efstathios Kaliviotis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
Interests: biofluid mechanics; red blood cells; blood flow; bifurcation; microfluidics; modeling; experiments
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biofluid dynamics is a wide topic that merges mechanical and biological engineering as well as several fields of science. It involves a range of issues such as external and internal flows, how birds fly and animals swim, and internal blood and urinary flows. The complexities of such flows in terms of geometry, multi-scale effects, fluid–structure interactions, and, in many cases, non-Newtonian fluid properties (such as in small blood veins) impose significant challenges when it comes to studying these flows and, furthermore, to the design of devices aimed at controlling such flows. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has shown the complexity of analyzing bio-fluid phenomena involving both external and internal flows, multi-scale effects, and the strong effect of human behavior, which is sometimes difficult to predict.

For this Special Issue, we call for a wide range of papers, including those that cover analytical, computational, and experimental studies of biofluids as they are related to humans and animals. Manuscripts can focus on fundamental research or applied research, e.g., the design of biofluid devices. Of particular interest are manuscripts that look at the blood, renal, and respiratory systems as well as at the external flows of swimmers, flying animals, and pathogens spreading through air/gas and water/liquid. Manuscripts that deal with any other field related to biofluid dynamics are also welcome.

Dr. Eldad Avital
Dr. Dong Xu
Dr. Efstathios Kaliviotis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fluids is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bio-fluids
  • analytical, computational and experimental
  • blood
  • renal
  • respiratory
  • swimmers
  • flying animals
  • pathogens and fluid dynamics

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3782 KiB  
Article
Active Displacement of a Unique Diatom–Ciliate Symbiotic Association
by Yonara Garcia, Felipe M. Neves, Flavio R. Rusch, Leandro T. De La Cruz, Marina E. Wosniack, J. Rudi Strickler, Marcos G. E. da Luz and Rubens M. Lopes
Fluids 2024, 9(12), 283; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9120283 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 541
Abstract
Adaptive movement in response to individual interactions represents a fundamental evolutionary solution found by both unicellular organisms and metazoans to avoid predators, search for resources or conspecifics for mating, and engage in other collaborative endeavors. Displacement processes are known to affect interspecific relationships, [...] Read more.
Adaptive movement in response to individual interactions represents a fundamental evolutionary solution found by both unicellular organisms and metazoans to avoid predators, search for resources or conspecifics for mating, and engage in other collaborative endeavors. Displacement processes are known to affect interspecific relationships, especially when linked to foraging strategies. Various displacement phenomena occur in marine plankton, ranging from the large-scale diel vertical migration of zooplankton to microscale interactions around microalgal cells. Among these symbiotic interactions, collaboration between the centric diatom Chaetoceros coarctatus and the peritrich ciliate Vorticella oceanica is widely known and has been recorded in several studies. Here, using 2D and 3D tracking records, we describe the movement patterns of the non-motile, chain-forming diatoms (C. coarctatus) carried by epibiotic ciliates (V. oceanica). The reported data on the Chaetoceros–Vorticella association illustrated the consortium’s ability to generate distinct motility patterns. We established that the currents generated by the attached ciliates, along with the variability in the contraction and relaxation of ciliate stalks in response to food concentration, resulted in three types of trajectories for the consortium. The characteristics of these distinct paths were determined using robust statistical methods, indicating that the different displacement behaviors allowed the consortium to adequately explore distributed resources and remain within the food-rich layers provided in the experimental containers. A simple mechanical–stochastic model was successfully applied to simulate the observed displacement patterns, further supporting the proposed mechanisms of collective response to the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Fluid Dynamics, 2nd Edition)
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21 pages, 14255 KiB  
Article
Design Considerations and Flow Characteristics for Couette-Type Blood-Shear Devices
by Xingbang Chen, Eldad J. Avital, Shahid Imran, Muhammad Mujtaba Abbas, Patrick Hinkle and Theodosios Alexander
Fluids 2024, 9(7), 157; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9070157 - 7 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1313
Abstract
Cardiovascular prosthetic devices, stents, prosthetic valves, heart-assist pumps, etc., operate in a wide regime of flows characterized by fluid dynamic flow structures, laminar and turbulent flows, unsteady flow patterns, vortices, and other flow disturbances. These flow disturbances cause shear stress, hemolysis, platelet activation, [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular prosthetic devices, stents, prosthetic valves, heart-assist pumps, etc., operate in a wide regime of flows characterized by fluid dynamic flow structures, laminar and turbulent flows, unsteady flow patterns, vortices, and other flow disturbances. These flow disturbances cause shear stress, hemolysis, platelet activation, thrombosis, and other types of blood trauma, leading to neointimal hyperplasia, neoatherosclerosis, pannus overgrowth, etc. Couette-type blood-shearing devices are used to simulate and then clinically measure blood trauma, after which the results can be used to assist in the design of the cardiovascular prosthetic devices. However, previous designs for such blood-shearing devices do not cover the whole range of flow shear, Reynolds numbers, and Taylor numbers characteristic of all types of implanted cardiovascular prosthetic devices, limiting the general applicability of clinical data obtained by tests using different blood-shearing devices. This paper presents the key fluid dynamic parameters that must be met. Based on this, Couette device geometric parameters such as diameter, gap, flow rate, shear stress, and temperature are carefully selected to ensure that the device’s Reynolds numbers, Taylor number, operating temperature, and shear stress in the gap fully represent the flow characteristics across the operating range of all types of cardiovascular prosthetic devices. The outcome is that the numerical data obtained from the presented device can be related to all such prosthetic devices and all flow conditions, making the results obtained with such shearing devices widely applicable across the field. Numerical simulations illustrate that the types of flow patterns generated in the blood-shearing device meet the above criteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Fluid Dynamics, 2nd Edition)
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