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Fluids
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Phase Change and Convective Heat Transfer
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Phase Change and Convective Heat Transfer

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521). This special issue belongs to the section "Heat and Mass Transfer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 5031

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Paloma Martínez-Merino

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Guest Editor
Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, E-11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
Interests: heat transfer; nanofluids; solar energy; thermal conductivity; isobaric specific heat; parabolic trough collectors
Dr. Javier Navas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, E-11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
Interests: renewable energy; energy materials; nanomaterials; physical chemistry; characterization techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Alcántara

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, E-11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
Interests: spectroscopy; solar energy; nanofluids; heat transfer; energy materials; instrumental design

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heat transfer is involved in many industrial applications such as heat exchangers, electronic cooling, solar collectors, cooling of nuclear reactors, etc. This is one of the main topics of thermal engineering, an area of research that is attracting the attention of an increasing number of researchers. This Special Issue aims at gathering high-quality papers highlighting recent advances in phase change and convective heat transfer. New advances in heat transfer improvements, theoretical approaches of heat transfer mechanisms and reports of successful applications of new heat transfer materials are pursued.

Dr. Paloma Martínez-Merino
Dr. Javier Navas
Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Alcántara
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fluids is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heat transfer
  • convection
  • phase change
  • nanofluids
  • phase change materials
  • heat exchangers
  • cooling

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5517 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis of Convective Heat Transfer in Quenching Treatments of Boron Steel under Different Configurations of Immersed Water Jets and Its Effects on Microstructure
by Raúl Alberto Tinajero-Álvarez, Constantin Alberto Hernández-Bocanegra, José Ángel Ramos-Banderas, Nancy Margarita López-Granados, Brandon Farrera-Buenrostro, Enrique Torres-Alonso and Gildardo Solorio-Díaz
Fluids 2024, 9(4), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9040089 - 11 Apr 2024
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Abstract
In this work, the effects of jet impact angle and water flow on the heat-transfer coefficient in boron steel probes were analyzed. Angles of 90°, 75° and 60° were used with stirring flows of 33 l·min−1, 25 l·min−1, 13 [...] Read more.
In this work, the effects of jet impact angle and water flow on the heat-transfer coefficient in boron steel probes were analyzed. Angles of 90°, 75° and 60° were used with stirring flows of 33 l·min−1, 25 l·min−1, 13 l·min−1 and 6 l·min−1. The aim consisted of determining the heat-extraction rates by analyzing the correlation programmed in the Ansys Fluent 2020R2 software when different cooling conditions are used, avoiding many experiments, and establishing quenching conditions free of surface defects on the workpiece. This process is currently used in heavy machinery, requiring high hardness and wear resistance. The fluid-dynamic field was validated using a scale physical model using the particle image velocimetry technique, PIV. In contrast, the thermal field was validated with transient state experiments solving the inverse heat conduction problem, IHCP. The results show that for high flows (33 l·min−1), the jets with an angle of 90° impact the entire surface of the piece, but their cooling rate is slower compared to the other angles, being 243.61 K·s−1, and 271.70 K·s−1, 329.56 K·s−1 for 75° and 60°, respectively. However, for low flows (6 l·min−1), the impact velocities are very similar for the three cases, promoting more homogeneous cooling rates of 58.47 K·s−1, 73.58 K·s−1 and 63.98 K s−1 for angles of 90°, 75° and 60°, respectively. Likewise, through the use of CCT diagrams, it was determined that regardless of the cooling rate, the final structure will always be a mixture of martensite–bainite due to the effect of boron as determined experimentally, which implies a more significant proportion of martensite at higher cooling rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Change and Convective Heat Transfer)
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13 pages, 649 KiB  
Article
Wind Velocity and Forced Heat Transfer Model for Photovoltaic Module
by Reza Hassanian, Nashmin Yeganeh and Morris Riedel
Fluids 2024, 9(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9010017 - 07 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1468
Abstract
This study proposes a computational model to define the wind velocity of the environment on the photovoltaic (PV) module via heat transfer concepts. The effect of the wind velocity and PV module is mostly considered a cooling effect. However, cooling and controlling the [...] Read more.
This study proposes a computational model to define the wind velocity of the environment on the photovoltaic (PV) module via heat transfer concepts. The effect of the wind velocity and PV module is mostly considered a cooling effect. However, cooling and controlling the PV module temperature leads to the capability to optimize the PV module efficiency. The present study applied a nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT) condition of the PV module as a reference condition to determine the wind velocity and PV module temperature. The obtained model has been examined in contrast to the experimental heat transfer equation and outdoor PV module performance. The results display a remarkable matching of the model with experiments. The model’s novelty defines the PV module temperature in relation to the wind speed, PV module size, and various ambient temperatures that were not included in previous studies. The suggested model could be used in PV module test specification and provide analytical evaluation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Change and Convective Heat Transfer)
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18 pages, 6200 KiB  
Article
Forced Convection in Porous Medium Using Triply Periodical Minimum Surfaces
by Mohamad Ziad Saghir, Jordan So, Heba Rasheed and Dauren Ilesaliev
Fluids 2023, 8(12), 311; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8120311 - 29 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1333
Abstract
Recent developments in the 3D printing of metals are attracting many researchers and engineers. Tailoring a porous structure using triply periodic minimum surfaces is becoming an excellent approach for cooling electronic equipment. The availability of metallic 3D printing encourages researchers to study cooling [...] Read more.
Recent developments in the 3D printing of metals are attracting many researchers and engineers. Tailoring a porous structure using triply periodic minimum surfaces is becoming an excellent approach for cooling electronic equipment. The availability of metallic 3D printing encourages researchers to study cooling systems using porous media. In the present article, we designed a porous structure using a gyroid model produced using 3D printing. Porous aluminum has a 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 porosity, respectively. The porous medium is tested experimentally using distilled fluid as the cooling liquid, while the structure is subject to bottom heating with a heat flux of 30,000 W/m2. A different inlet velocity from 0.05 m/s to 0.25 m/s is applied. On the numerical side, the porous medium is modeled as a porous structure, and only the Navier–Stokes equations and the energy equation were solved using the finite element technique. In addition, an excellent agreement between the experimental measurement and numerical calculation, an optimum porosity of 0.8 was obtained. The performance evaluation criterion led us to believe that pressure drop plays a significant role in heat enhancement for this type of gyroid structure. As the porosity increases, the boundary layer becomes more noticeable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Change and Convective Heat Transfer)
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17 pages, 5738 KiB  
Article
Effect of Local Floor Heating System on Occupants’ Thermal Comfort and Energy Consumption Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
by Hassan J. Dakkama, Ahmed Jawad Khaleel, Ahmed Qasim Ahmed, Wisam A. M. Al-Shohani and Hayder M. B. Obaida
Fluids 2023, 8(11), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8110299 - 13 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1369
Abstract
In this article, the influence of splitting a local underfloor air distribution system (UFAD) on indoor thermal comfort for three occupants was studied numerically. A validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was employed in this investigation. The proposed heating system was evaluated and [...] Read more.
In this article, the influence of splitting a local underfloor air distribution system (UFAD) on indoor thermal comfort for three occupants was studied numerically. A validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was employed in this investigation. The proposed heating system was evaluated and analyzed for different values of air temperature and supply velocity. Providing suitable thermal comfort and saving energy are considered the main evaluation indexes for this study. Three cases, cases 2, 3, and 4, of the proposed local UFAD system were compared with a traditional heating system case, case 1. The supplying air velocity and air temperature in the reference case were 0.5 m/s and 29 °C, while in cases 2, 3, and 4, they were 0.4 m/s and 29 °C, 28 °C, and 27 °C, respectively. The results show that acceptable indoor human thermal comfort and energy demand reduction were achieved by using the splitting UFAD concept. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Change and Convective Heat Transfer)
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