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Fishes
Special Issues
Evolutionary Biology of Aquatic Animals
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Evolutionary Biology of Aquatic Animals

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Taxonomy, Evolution, and Biogeography".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 November 2026 | Viewed by 1057

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fangrui Lou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai, China
Interests: adaptive evolution; population genetics; multi-omics
Dr. Na Song

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Fisheries, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
Interests: conservation genetics
Dr. Linlin Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Marine Ecology Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, China
Interests: marine biodiversity conservation; conservation biology of marine endangered species
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Binbin Shan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: marine fish diversity and conservation; marine fish population genomics; marine fish population genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Evolutionary biology is a branch of biology. The core topics in this field are speciation and adaptive evolution. The significance of evolutionary biology is remarkable: (1) evolutionary biology can explain how species originated and diversified from a common ancestor; (2) evolutionary biology can interpret the natural selection or other driving forces related to species adaptive evolution; (3) evolutionary biology can study the ecological relationships among species and reveal the role of biodiversity in ecosystems; (4) evolutionary biology can explain the importance of genetic diversity in biological diversity through the study of genetic variations and genetic mechanisms; (5) evolutionary biology can provide references for formulating scientific and reasonable species conservation strategies; (6) evolutionary biology can predict the species' changing trends under future environmental conditions by exploring the species evolution process. Additionally, evolutionary biology can systematically summarize the advantageous phenotypes of organisms and promote the innovation of contemporary biomimetics and medicine.

This Special Issue, entitled "Evolutionary Biology of Aquatic Animals", solicits the submission of relevant original research papers, reviews, and case studies, including, but not limited to, the following contents:

  • Population genetic diversity of marine organisms based on morphological or molecular characteristics.
  • The phylogenetic relationship of marine organisms.
  • Evolution of habitat adaptability in the morphological or molecular characteristics of marine organisms.
  • The species distribution of marine organisms.
  • The crisis and protection of marine biodiversity.

Dr. Fangrui Lou
Dr. Na Song
Dr. Linlin Zhao
Dr. Binbin Shan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine organism
  • population genetics
  • biological diversity
  • adaptative evolution
  • conservation genetics
  • phylogeny

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 2485 KB  
Article
Nanopore-Based Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing: In-Depth Exploration of Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Genome
by Qi Huang, Yongjun Sun, Linlin Zhao, Wenbo Zhu, Fei Shao, Jin Xu and Yongjian Qin
Fishes 2026, 11(5), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050269 - 30 Apr 2026
Viewed by 210
Abstract
The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), a widely distributed species, plays a crucial role in maintaining the marine ecosystem. However, studies on C. mydas require accurate and comprehensive genome annotation information. Long-read direct transcriptome data of C. mydas were obtained using [...] Read more.
The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), a widely distributed species, plays a crucial role in maintaining the marine ecosystem. However, studies on C. mydas require accurate and comprehensive genome annotation information. Long-read direct transcriptome data of C. mydas were obtained using direct RNA sequencing on the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platform from blood tissue of a single captive individual. A total of 4061 novel transcripts were obtained by comparing long-read direct transcripts with genome annotation of C. mydas. We also predicted 2402 CDSs on the novel transcripts. Among them, 1208 (50.29%) had functional annotation information in the databases. In addition, we predicted and analyzed AS events, fusion transcripts, methylation sites, poly(A)s, and lncRNAs in the C. mydas long-read direct transcriptome. Overall, our study provides the a long-read direct blood transcriptome for C. mydas to complement and improve its genome annotation. This valuable resource will contribute to future research on C. mydas. Additionally, the analyses of transcriptome structure mentioned above may provide new insights and ideas for the study of C. mydas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolutionary Biology of Aquatic Animals)
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24 pages, 2977 KB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification of Candidate Sex-Linked Regions in Engraulis encrasicolus
by Selahattin Barış Çay, Onur Obut, Yusuf Ulaş Çınar, Mehmet Ali Balcı, Tuana Öğretici, Cem Dalyan, Fatih Dikmen, Yakup Bakır and Vahap Eldem
Fishes 2026, 11(4), 192; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11040192 - 24 Mar 2026
Viewed by 528
Abstract
Sex determination in teleost fishes exhibits remarkable evolutionary plasticity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive for many species of high economic importance. Herein, we provide the first genome-wide investigation of the genetic basis of sex determination in the European anchovy (Engraulis [...] Read more.
Sex determination in teleost fishes exhibits remarkable evolutionary plasticity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive for many species of high economic importance. Herein, we provide the first genome-wide investigation of the genetic basis of sex determination in the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), an ecologically and commercially vital clupeiform fish. Using low-pass whole-genome resequencing of 100 sexually mature individuals (50 females and 50 males), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and FST scans to identify sex-linked loci and characterize sex-determining regions (SDRs). Our analyses revealed two major candidate SDRs located on chromosomes 14 and 18, encompassing multiple sex-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (InDels). Among these, the amhr2 (anti-Müllerian hormone type 2 receptor) gene on Chr14 displayed the strongest and most consistent association with phenotypic sex, marked by several male-specific missense SNPs and InDel variants. Comparative and transcriptomic analyses confirmed sex-biased expression of amhr2 and other SDR-linked genes, potentially indicating a male heterogametic (XY-like) genetic sex determination system. These results provide the first molecular evidence for a candidate SDR in E. encrasicolus, raise the possibility of involvement of amhr2 and additional loci in sex determination, and highlight rapid sex chromosome turnover within Clupeiformes. Our findings not only expand the understanding of teleost sex determination evolution but also establish a genomic foundation for developing molecular tools for sex identification and population management in anchovy fisheries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolutionary Biology of Aquatic Animals)
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