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Fishes
Special Issues
Genetics and Evolution of Fishes
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Genetics and Evolution of Fishes

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Ecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 7569

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Manuel Alejandro Merlo Torres

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health (Genetics Area), Faculty of Sciences, University Institute of Marine Research (INMAR) University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
Interests: genetics; genomics; marine organisms; aquaculture; phylogenetics; molecular evolution; cytogenetics
Dr. Silvia Portela-Bens

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health (Genetics Area), Faculty of Marine and Environmental Science, University Institute of Marine Research (INMAR) University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
Interests: genetics; genomics; gene expression; marine organisms; aquaculture; phylogenetics; molecular evolution; cytogenetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fishes comprise a very diverse group of species with high morphological and adaptive variation. To date, there are still controversies about the taxonomic status and evolutionary origin of some groups of fish. The complexity of fishes is reflected in their genetics; for example, they are the group of species with the greatest variety of sex determination systems, in addition to not having a defined sex master gene, such as the Sry gene in mammals. Another example of the complexity of the fishes is the different genome duplication events observed in some evolutionary lines, such as the actinopterygians, the salmoniformes, or certain cypriniformes. All of these aspects have made fishes the focus of much research focused on their genetics and evolution. This Special Issue aims to contribute to increasing and deepening our knowledge of the genetics of fish and their evolutionary strategy.

Dr. Manuel Alejandro Merlo Torres
Dr. Silvia Portela-Bens
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fishes
  • genetics
  • genomics
  • phylogenetics
  • molecular evolution
  • cytogenetics

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 12498 KiB  
Article
Mitogenomic Architecture and Phylogenetic Relationship of European Barracuda, Sphyraena sphyraena (Teleostei: Sphyraenidae) from the Atlantic Ocean
by Shantanu Kundu, Hyun-Woo Kim, Jaebong Lee, Sangdeok Chung, Soo Rin Lee, Fantong Zealous Gietbong, Arif Wibowo and Kyoungmi Kang
Fishes 2023, 8(12), 573; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120573 - 23 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1626
Abstract
The collective understanding of global-scale evolutionary trends in barracuda mitogenomes is presently limited. This ongoing research delves into the maternal evolutionary path of Sphyraena species, with a specific focus on the complete mitogenome of Sphyraena sphyraena, sourced from the Atlantic Ocean through [...] Read more.
The collective understanding of global-scale evolutionary trends in barracuda mitogenomes is presently limited. This ongoing research delves into the maternal evolutionary path of Sphyraena species, with a specific focus on the complete mitogenome of Sphyraena sphyraena, sourced from the Atlantic Ocean through advanced next-generation sequencing. This mitogenome spans 16,841 base pairs and encompasses 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and an AT-rich control region. Notably, the mitogenome of S. sphyraena exhibits a preference for AT-base pairs, constituting 55.06% of the composition, a trait consistent with a similar bias found in related species. Most protein-coding genes initiate with an ATG codon, with the exception of Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI), which begins with a GTG codon. Additionally, six PCGs terminate with a TAA codon, COI with AGA, while six others exhibit incomplete termination codons. In the S. sphyraena mitogenome, the majority of transfer RNAs exhibit typical cloverleaf secondary structures, except for tRNA-serine, which lacks a DHU stem. Comparative analysis of conserved blocks within the D-loop regions of six Sphyraenidae species reveals that the CSB-I block extends to 22 base pairs, surpassing other blocks and containing highly variable sites. Both maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses, using concatenated 13 mitochondrial PCGs, distinctly separate all Sphyraenidae species. The European Barracuda, S. sphyraena, demonstrates a sister relationship with the ‘Sphyraena barracuda’ group, including S. barracuda and S. jello. In conclusion, this study advances our understanding of the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity within barracudas. Furthermore, it recommends comprehensive exploration of mitogenomes and broader genomic data for all existing Sphyraenidae fishes, providing invaluable insights into their systematics, genetic characterization, and maternal evolutionary history within marine environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Evolution of Fishes)
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13 pages, 1664 KiB  
Communication
The Complete Mitogenome of Amazonian Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus (Characiformes: Characidae) as a Valuable Resource for Phylogenetic Analyses of Characidae
by Luciano Fogaça de Assis Montag, Ricardo Koroiva, Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Leandro Magalhães, Giovanna C. Cavalcante, Caio S. Silva, Sávio Guerreiro, Daniel H. F. Gomes, Jorge E. S. de Souza, Sandro J. de Souza, Lidia Brasil Seabra, Maria Dayanne Lima de Lucena, Erival Gonçalves Prata, Izabella Cristina da Silva Penha, Thaisa Sala Michelan, Raphael Ligeiro and Leandro Juen
Fishes 2023, 8(5), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050233 - 28 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1459
Abstract
Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus (Ulrey, 1894), popularly known as ‘Flag Tetra’ in English speaking countries, belongs to the genus Hyphessobrycon of the family Characidae, and is widely present in the eastern Amazon basin. Here, using Illumina sequencing, we report the complete mitogenome sequence of H. [...] Read more.
Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus (Ulrey, 1894), popularly known as ‘Flag Tetra’ in English speaking countries, belongs to the genus Hyphessobrycon of the family Characidae, and is widely present in the eastern Amazon basin. Here, using Illumina sequencing, we report the complete mitogenome sequence of H. heterorhabdus. Overall, the mitogenome has 17,021 bp, containing 13 protein-coding, 22 tRNA, and 2 rRNA genes. Non-ambiguous nucleotide compositions of the H. heterorhabdus mitogenome are A: 29.2%, T: 29.4%, G: 15.6%, and C: 25.8%. As recently indicated, the phylogenetic analyses did not support four separate genera (Hemigrammus, Hyphessobrycon, Moenkhausia, and Psalidodon) of Characidae. Understanding the H. heterorhabdus mitogenome is important for taxonomic purposes as well as for the molecular characterization of environmental pollutants. Thus, the mitogenome described here will be a valuable resource for studies on environmental changes, evolutionary genetics, species delimitation, and phylogenetic analyses in Characidae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Evolution of Fishes)
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9 pages, 2038 KiB  
Communication
Mitochondrial Genome Uncovered Hidden Genetic Diversity in Microdous chalmersi (Teleostei: Odontobutidae)
by Lei Jiang, Mingwei Zhou, Kishor Kumar Sarker, Junman Huang, Wenjun Chen and Chenhong Li
Fishes 2023, 8(5), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050228 - 25 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1176
Abstract
The Hainan small-toothed sleeper, Microdous chalmersi, is an endemic species disjunctly distributed in Hainan and Guangxi provinces of China. Morphological differences have been previously observed between these populations. We sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of M. chalmersi from Hainan and Guangxi in order [...] Read more.
The Hainan small-toothed sleeper, Microdous chalmersi, is an endemic species disjunctly distributed in Hainan and Guangxi provinces of China. Morphological differences have been previously observed between these populations. We sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of M. chalmersi from Hainan and Guangxi in order to test whether there is a cryptic species. We reconstructed a phylogenetic tree of samples collected from the two populations along with eight representative species of other odontobutids using thirteen mitochondrial coding genes and two rRNA genes. The results showed that five individuals of M. chalmersi from each population clustered into reciprocal monophyletic clades. Furthermore, genetic distance between individuals of the two populations was much larger than that between individuals from the same population. The genetic distance between the two Microdous populations was comparable to interspecific genetic distance of a closely related genus, Odontobutis. We propose that M. chalmersi from Guangxi and Hainan could belong to two different species, but detailed morphological and genetic studies should be carried out to test this hypothesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Evolution of Fishes)
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Review

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19 pages, 22388 KiB  
Review
Sex Determination and Male Differentiation in Southern Swordtail Fishes: Evaluation from an Evolutionary Perspective
by Jens Fedder
Fishes 2023, 8(8), 407; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8080407 - 6 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2719
Abstract
Southern swordtail fishes, which belong to the viviparous teleosts called Xiphophorus, are unique models for studies of evolution of sex chromosomes. Monofactorial sex-determining systems, with either the male or the female being the heterogametic sex, as well as sex determination involving more [...] Read more.
Southern swordtail fishes, which belong to the viviparous teleosts called Xiphophorus, are unique models for studies of evolution of sex chromosomes. Monofactorial sex-determining systems, with either the male or the female being the heterogametic sex, as well as sex determination involving more than two sex chromosomes, are found in swordtails and related species. Some swordtail species seem to have originated by crossing between two closely related species. Although the sword has disappeared in many Xiphophorus species during evolution, females of non-sworded species still prefer sworded males, demonstrating a discrepancy between natural and sexual selection. Natural sex change has not been documented sufficiently convincingly in swordtails, but, at least in some subspecies, two or more male phenotypes exist. In a laboratory experiment performed for over 30 years, it has been observed that sex-determining genes may be translocated from one chromosome to another in hybrids of these evolutionary young species. While the factors suggested to play central roles in sex determination and differentiation, e.g., Dmrt1 and AMH, are highly conserved during evolution, several master determining factors have been detected in teleosts. Endocrine-induced sex reversal has been demonstrated in the guppy Poecilia reticulata, another viviparous fish. In swordtails (X. helleri), endocrine disruptors such as nonylphenol and bisphenol A may cause testis cell degeneration and the inhibition of spermatogenesis. Furthermore, swordtails are very easy to breed in freshwater aquaria and, therefore, may be good models for studying the factors influencing sex determination and male differentiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Evolution of Fishes)
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