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Fishes
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Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II
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Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Ecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 17672

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Josipa Ferri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Marine Studies, University of Split, Split, Croatia
Interests: fisheries; marine biology; ichthyology; fish age and growth; fish diet
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Wann-Nian Tzeng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Interests: fish otolith; climate change; fisheries oceanography; eel biology and ecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Studies focused on fish otoliths have led to many novel insights into species identifications, stock dynamics, life history strategies and migration patterns of fishes around the world. These insights include revealing valuable data, for example, spatial stock structures with sometimes mixing patterns across the stock management boundaries, various migratory strategies within species and populations, or fidelity to natal habitats and their importance for recruitment. Such studies continue to evolve and expand, and it should not be surprising that many researchers turn to otoliths, as they represent a permanent record of the history of fish life. This Special Issue is a follow-up to the successful first volume of “Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science” and welcomes papers that present new advances in otoliths research. The aim of this Special Issue is to collect all the available scientific research on various techniques for extracting and interpreting otolith-derived information, as well as new otolith research methods for assessing this information and, in general, to critically present and discuss the utility of otoliths. In addition, the integration of various otolith-based approaches with other scientific disciplines is also very welcome.

Dr. Josipa Ferri
Prof. Dr. Wann-Nian Tzeng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • otolith shape, microstructure and microchemistry
  • natural and artificial marks of otoliths
  • species identification and stock discrimination
  • life history and migratory environment history reconstructions
  • natal origin and recruitment dynamics
  • age and growth estimation
  • fishery management applications
  • environment monitoring by otolith elemental composition
  • climate change by stable oxygen isotope
  • fish metabolism by carbon-stable isotope

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2404 KiB  
Article
Differentiation of Spatial Units of Genus Euthynnus from the Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Using Otolith Shape Analysis
by Rubén Muñoz-Lechuga, Fambaye Ngom Sow, Diaha N’Guessan Constance, Davy Angueko, David Macías, Alexia Massa-Gallucci, Guelson Batista da Silva, Jorge M. S. Gonçalves and Pedro G. Lino
Fishes 2023, 8(6), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060317 - 15 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1188
Abstract
The shape of sagitta otoliths was used to compare individuals of little tunny (Euthynnus alleteratus) harvested on board commercial fishing vessels from the coastal areas along the Eastern Atlantic, including the Mediterranean Sea. Fish sampling and selection was designed to cover [...] Read more.
The shape of sagitta otoliths was used to compare individuals of little tunny (Euthynnus alleteratus) harvested on board commercial fishing vessels from the coastal areas along the Eastern Atlantic, including the Mediterranean Sea. Fish sampling and selection was designed to cover possible seasonal changes and tuna size. The research encompassed both morphometric and shape analyses of left sagittal otoliths extracted of 504 fish specimens. Four shape indices (Circularity, Roundness, Rectangularity, and Form-Factor) were significantly different between two groups, showing a statistical differentiation between two clear spatial units. The degree of divergence was even more pronounced along the rostrum, postrostrum, and excisura of the generated otolith outlines between these two groups. One group corresponds to the samples from the coastal areas in the Northeast Temperate Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea (NETAM Area) and a second group from the coastal areas off the Eastern Tropical Atlantic coast of Africa (ETA Area). This study is the first to use otolith shape to differentiate tunas from separate spatial units. These results could be used to re-classify previously collected samples and to correct time series of data collected. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II)
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18 pages, 807 KiB  
Article
Geographic Variation in Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) in the Southeastern Brazilian Bight Inferred from Otolith Shape and Chemical Signatures
by André Martins Vaz-dos-Santos, Kathleen Angélica Rautenberg, Cristiane Gallego Augusto, Eduardo Luis Cupertino Ballester, Paulo Ricardo Schwingel, Edgar Pinto, Agostinho Almeida and Alberto Teodorico Correia
Fishes 2023, 8(5), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8050234 - 29 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1865
Abstract
The thread herring Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) is a small pelagic fish distributed in the western margin of the Atlantic Ocean from the United States to Argentina. It is a target species for diverse commercial fisheries, including the Brazilian industrial purse seine fleets [...] Read more.
The thread herring Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) is a small pelagic fish distributed in the western margin of the Atlantic Ocean from the United States to Argentina. It is a target species for diverse commercial fisheries, including the Brazilian industrial purse seine fleets that operate in the Southeastern Brazilian Bight. To investigate the geographic variation in the thread herring populations in this fishing ground, sagittal otoliths were collected from two areas: Rio de Janeiro (RJ: 23°04′ S, 44°03′ W) and Santa Catarina (SC: 26°05′ S, 48°18′ W). Otolith shape analyses and multi-elemental signatures were statistically evaluated using elliptical Fourier descriptors and elemental/Ca ratios. Remarkable differences in the thread herring otoliths between the two areas were found. The previous scenario in which the thread herring constitutes a single panmictic population in the Atlantic Ocean is now debatable. The implications of these results in terms of rational fisheries management for this species are highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II)
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14 pages, 4829 KiB  
Article
Otolith Morphometric and Shape Distinction of Three Redfin Species under the Genus Decapterus (Teleostei: Carangidae) from Sulu Sea, Philippines
by Christian James C. Morales, Kyle Dominic E. Barnuevo, Emmanuel S. Delloro, Jr., Roxanne A. Cabebe-Barnuevo, Jenylle Kate S. Calizo, Sanny David P. Lumayno and Ricardo P. Babaran
Fishes 2023, 8(2), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020095 - 05 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3726
Abstract
Otoliths are paired calcified structures in the inner ear of teleosts that function in hearing and balance. In this study, the use of otolith morphometrics and shape analysis were explored to delineate the redfin species under the genus Decapterus from the Sulu Sea, [...] Read more.
Otoliths are paired calcified structures in the inner ear of teleosts that function in hearing and balance. In this study, the use of otolith morphometrics and shape analysis were explored to delineate the redfin species under the genus Decapterus from the Sulu Sea, Philippines, namely, Decapterus kurroides, D. smithvanizi, and D. tabl. Results showed that the mean otolith shapes are unique within species (p < 0.001). The otolith size-related (OW—otolith weight, OL—otolith length, OH—otolith height, OA—otolith area, and OP—otolith perimeter) and shape-related (RE—rectangularity, SQ—squareness, EL—ellipticity, RO—roundness, AR—aspect ratio, FF—form factor, CO—compactness, and CI—circularity) morphometric indices also showed significant variations (p < 0.001) among the three species. Distinct regions differentiating D. kurroides from the other two species were seen along the dorsal margin of the otoliths, which was supported by its significantly higher values for OH (size-related index) and RO (shape-related index). In addition, the morphometric indices showed significant variations (p < 0.001), except for RE. Furthermore, it was revealed that the size-related indices were able to separate D. kurroides from the other two species, which turned out to be indifferent. The results provided relevant data on the use of otoliths as an additional confirmatory tool in species delineation of the identified redfin species, and, therefore, offer opportunities of applying the same method in delineation and, eventually, identification of species from other genera, especially those that closely resemble each other. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II)
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16 pages, 2365 KiB  
Article
Insights of Otoliths Morphology to Reveal Patterns of Teleostean Fishes in the Southern Atlantic
by Lucinha Santos and André Martins Vaz-dos-Santos
Fishes 2023, 8(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010021 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1966
Abstract
The sagitta otoliths of teleostean fishes are usually used in diverse studies. Their shapes are species-specific, and the qualitative description of their morphological features seems to be a simple task, despite its subjectivity. On the other hand, morphometric techniques have been developed with [...] Read more.
The sagitta otoliths of teleostean fishes are usually used in diverse studies. Their shapes are species-specific, and the qualitative description of their morphological features seems to be a simple task, despite its subjectivity. On the other hand, morphometric techniques have been developed with a focus on objectivity, reproducibility, and accuracy. Considering this, the otoliths morphology was reviewed and evaluated in terms of robustness as a taxonomic tool and to highlight ecomorphological patterns. The otoliths morphology of 179 teleostean fishes from the Southern Atlantic were analyzed. For each species, the fish total length range, eighteen otolith morphological features (OMFs), and relative proportions were annotated. Species habitat and habit were also recorded. Data analyses were based on exploratory analysis, correlation, nonmetric multidimensional scaling, and a two-way permutational analysis of variance. The most descriptive OMFs were: colliculum, sulcus acusticus (morphology, position, orientation, and opening), and otolith profile. The otolith morphology was significantly related to species habitat and habit, with a new pattern described for deep-ocean pelagic species. In conclusion, otoliths morphology is robust whenever it is based on the comparative method application (otoliths among otoliths), considering the constant updates of fishes’ taxonomy and the use of proper sample sizes linked to morphometric techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II)
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15 pages, 2085 KiB  
Article
Distinct Stocks of the Redtail Scad Decapterus kurroides Bleeker, 1855 (Perciformes: Carangidae) from the Northern Sulu and Southern Sibuyan Seas, Philippines Revealed from Otolith Morphometry and Shape Analysis
by Kyle Dominic E. Barnuevo, Christian James C. Morales, Jenylle Kate S. Calizo, Emmanuel S. Delloro, Jr., Cherry Pilapil Añasco, Ricardo P. Babaran and Sanny David P. Lumayno
Fishes 2023, 8(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010012 - 25 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3462
Abstract
A recent study was performed to assess the morphometric variation of otoliths of the Decapterus kurroides collected in the northern Sulu and southern Sibuyan seas in delineating fish stocks. Seven of the otolith morphometric descriptors (otolith length, OL; otolith height, OH; otolith weight [...] Read more.
A recent study was performed to assess the morphometric variation of otoliths of the Decapterus kurroides collected in the northern Sulu and southern Sibuyan seas in delineating fish stocks. Seven of the otolith morphometric descriptors (otolith length, OL; otolith height, OH; otolith weight OW; otolith area, OA; otolith perimeter, OP; ellipticity, EL; and aspect ratio, AR) demonstrated a significant positive correlation with fish length and six (rectangularity, RE; squareness, SQ; roundness, RO; circularity, CI; compactness, CO; and form factor, FF) demonstrated a significant negative correlation. In terms of intraspecific comparisons, almost all the otolith morphometric descriptors were significantly different between the two sites (except RE and OH). Further, principal component (PC) analysis showed that direct otolith morphometric descriptors such as OL, OH, OW, OA, and OP explained 61.71% of the differences (PC1). In contrast, derived otolith descriptors such as EL, AR, and CO explained 22.00% of the variations (PC2) for a total of 83.71% explained variations with the eight otolith morphometric descriptors. Statistics reveal that D. kurroides from the Sibuyan Sea have significantly larger, heavier, and more elliptical otoliths than those from the Sulu Sea. Results suggested that the D. kurroides from Sulu and Sibuyan seas are two different phenotypic stocks. Further studies such as otolith microchemistry, genetics, other life history-based studies, and present exploitation levels should be carried out to supplement the results of this study to fully establish the D. kurroides stock structures within Philippine waters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II)
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19 pages, 2406 KiB  
Article
Spawning Phenology and Early Growth of Japanese Anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) off the Pacific Coast of Japan
by Qinghuan Zhu, Rui Wu, Yoshio Masuda, Yutaro Takahashi, Kyu Okabe, Koji Koizumi, Atsuko Iida and Satoshi Katayama
Fishes 2023, 8(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010011 - 25 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2751
Abstract
The reproduction and early growth of fish are essential elements that affect recruitment and provide breakthrough points for understanding population fluctuations. In this study, larval and juvenile Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) were collected from five coastal waters off the Pacific coast [...] Read more.
The reproduction and early growth of fish are essential elements that affect recruitment and provide breakthrough points for understanding population fluctuations. In this study, larval and juvenile Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) were collected from five coastal waters off the Pacific coast of Japan in 2020 and 2021 to gain more insight into life history traits such as reproduction and early growth of this species on the basis of otolith microstructure analysis. The spawning period appeared to be related to temperature and chlorophyll-a concentrations, showing latitudinal gradient variation among fishing areas. We detected a significant positive allometric growth pattern between standard length and body weight. The Gompertz model best fits the growth of standard length, showing an initial stage of growth that was quick and accelerating. The mean daily growth rate for standard length was 0.64 ± 0.09 mm per day. A series of mixed-effect models was constructed to investigate the sources of differences in the mean growth rates among individuals. The results revealed regional variability in fish growth, with individuals in the central Pacific stock growing faster. Individuals that grew slower were heavier than those of the same length, indicating a trade-off between length growth and weight growth. The mean growth of individual fish was positively influenced by environmental factors (surface water temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration), and individuals within the same school of fish displayed a striking homogeneity of growth. Our research demonstrates the significance of including both physiological characteristics and environmental influences in early growth studies on fish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II)
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11 pages, 1897 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Marking Juvenile Takifugu obscurus Otoliths with Strontium
by Lingling Gu, Hui Zhang, Guangpeng Feng, Yong Liu, Zhiqiang Han, Feng Zhao, Qing Ye, Wangjiao Hu and Chao Song
Fishes 2022, 7(6), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060371 - 05 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1322
Abstract
Strontium marking technology is commonly used for extensive marking in stock enhancement and releasing activities. In order to explore the feasibility of this technology for juvenile Takifugu obscurus, five different concentrations of strontium (0, 12, 18, 36, and 72 mg/L) were set [...] Read more.
Strontium marking technology is commonly used for extensive marking in stock enhancement and releasing activities. In order to explore the feasibility of this technology for juvenile Takifugu obscurus, five different concentrations of strontium (0, 12, 18, 36, and 72 mg/L) were set up by strontium chloride hexahydrate (SrCl2·6H2O) and T. obscurus were immersed for 7 days. Then, T. obscurus were reared in non-additive water for 25 days. The results showed that the survival rate of all groups was 100%, except the 72 mg/L group, after 7 days of immersion. Moreover, the growths of all the marked groups were better than that of the control group. There was no significant difference between the control and marked groups, except for the 18 mg/L group, indicating that the appropriate concentration of strontium might have positive effect for T. obscurus. The strontium to calcium (Sr/Ca) ratios of otoliths in the marked groups increased with increasing concentration and time, which were higher than the baseline, respectively. Then, the Sr/Ca ratios returned to the original level, but the peak value was still retained, suggesting that the success rate of the strontium marking reached 100%. Notably, the residual strontium content of 18 mg/L group was insufficient for causing negative effects for T. obscurus after 25 days. Therefore, in consideration of the growth, survival, and effect of strontium marking on otolith, 18 mg/L is an appropriate concentration for strontium marking of juvenile T. obscurus. This study confirmed the feasibility of strontium marking for T. obscurus and provided a new approach to rationally and scientifically evaluate the stock enhancement and releasing efficiency of T. obscurus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science II)
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