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Electric and Hydrogen Vehicles in Urban Transport Systems: The Current State, Plans, and Technical Requirements

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 5112

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Katarzyna Turoń

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Road Transport, Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Interests: shared mobility; car-sharing; bike-sharing; scooter-sharing; new mobility; electromobility; electric mobility; electric shared mobility; sustainable transport systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrzej Kubik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Road Transport, Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Interests: civil engineering; materials enginering; smart cities; smart systems; mobility as a service; MaaS systems; shared mobility; mobility management; electric mobility; e-mobility; wear; sustainable transport
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Bogusław Łazarz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Road Transport, Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
Interests: machine and structure dynamics; vibroacoustic behavior of machines and structures; signal processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, due to the necessity to limit vehicle traffic in cities and increasing restrictions for the automotive industry, alternative drive vehicles are becoming increasingly more often used in urban transport systems. While the production of electric or hydrogen vehicles is no longer a challenge, their proper functioning in urban transport systems prompts an abundance of significant problems occurring on various levels, ranging from relevant legislative requirements and the implementation of restrictions to ensuring an appropriate logistics service, including charging networks for electric vehicles or hydrogen refueling.

A separate issue is also the technical and technological requirements that directly relate to architectural and engineering constraints, e.g., safety rules, the presence of an appropriate power level, etc. Moreover, there is also the problem of the proper functioning of the network fleet of vehicles equipped with electric or hydrogen propulsion, not forgetting taxis, vehicles from shared mobility services or vehicles from, for example, courier networks or municipal services, e.g., cleaning services, city guards, etc.

All the challenges related to the proper functioning of electric and hydrogen vehicles in urban transport systems are current and interesting research issues. Therefore, this Special Issue is devoted to the current state, plans, and technical requirements for electric and hydrogen vehicles in urban transport systems, as well as being dedicated to promoting the investigation of the latest research in electric and hydrogen vehicles in the context of sustainable smart cities. Any research regarding the analysis of the current status and development of vehicles or their networks, plans and forecasts, calculations, theoretical and practical discussions, as well as case studies are very welcome.

Dr. Katarzyna Turoń
Dr. Andrzej Kubik
Prof. Dr. Bogusław Łazarz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electric vehicles
  • hydrogen vehicles
  • fleet management
  • technical conditions of electric vehicles
  • technical conditions of hydrogen vehicles
  • electric shared mobility
  • hydrogen shared mobility
  • mobility management
  • urban transport systems

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1345 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Impacts of Autonomous Electric Vehicles Adoption on Vehicle Miles Traveled and CO2 Emissions
by Jingyi Xiao, Konstadinos G. Goulias, Srinath Ravulaparthy, Shivam Sharda, Ling Jin and C. Anna Spurlock
Energies 2024, 17(23), 6127; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17236127 - 5 Dec 2024
Viewed by 393
Abstract
Autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs) can potentially revolutionize the transportation landscape, offering a safer, contact-free, easily accessible, and more eco-friendly mode of travel. Prior to the market uptake of AEVs, it is critical to understand the consumer segments that are most likely to adopt [...] Read more.
Autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs) can potentially revolutionize the transportation landscape, offering a safer, contact-free, easily accessible, and more eco-friendly mode of travel. Prior to the market uptake of AEVs, it is critical to understand the consumer segments that are most likely to adopt these vehicles. Beyond market adoption, it is also important to quantify the impact of AEVs on broader transportation systems and the environment, such as impacts on the annual vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this pilot study, using survey data, a statistical model correlating AEV adoption intention and socioeconomic and built environment attributes was estimated, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to understand the importance of factors impacting AEV adoption. We found that the market segments range from early adopters who are wealthy, technologically savvy, and relatively young to non-adopters who are more cautious to new technologies. This is followed by a synthetic population microsimulation of market penetration for the San Francisco Bay Area. With five household vehicle replacement scenarios, we assessed the annual VMT and tailpipe carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions change associated with vehicle replacement. It is found that adopting AEVs can potentially reduce more than 5 megatons of CO2 yearly, which is approximately 30% of the total CO2 emitted by internal combustion engine (ICE) cars in the region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric and Hydrogen Vehicles in Urban Transport Systems: The Current State, Plans, and Technical Requirements)
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28 pages, 4680 KiB  
Article
Scheduling a Fleet of Dynamic EV Chargers for Maximal Profile
by Shorooq Alaskar and Mohamed Younis
Energies 2024, 17(23), 6009; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17236009 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 273
Abstract
The proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) faces obstacles like range anxiety and inadequate charging infrastructure. To address these challenges, dynamic EV-to-EV charging technology has emerged. This innovative method enables one EV with surplus battery to charge another EV while both are in motion. [...] Read more.
The proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) faces obstacles like range anxiety and inadequate charging infrastructure. To address these challenges, dynamic EV-to-EV charging technology has emerged. This innovative method enables one EV with surplus battery to charge another EV while both are in motion. This study focuses on efficiently pairing and routing energy suppliers (ESs) to meet energy requesters (ERs) and transfer energy via platooning. The key objective is to manage the ES fleet effectively, framed as a vehicle routing problem, to maximize profit by serving as many energy requests as possible. We formulate the problem as an integer programming model within a time-space network and propose a local search-based heuristic algorithm designed to efficiently handle large-scale networks. Numerical experiments conducted on Sioux Falls validate the efficacy of our approach, allowing for an assessment of algorithm performance under realistic large-scale conditions. The findings illustrate enhancements in ER travel time and energy overhead, alongside maximized profits for ESs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric and Hydrogen Vehicles in Urban Transport Systems: The Current State, Plans, and Technical Requirements)
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17 pages, 1546 KiB  
Article
The Expectations towards Cars to Be Used in Car-Sharing Services—The Perspective of the Current Polish Non-Users
by Katarzyna Turoń
Energies 2022, 15(23), 8849; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238849 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1443
Abstract
In the era of upcoming European Union regulations limiting the registration of combustion cars from 2035, the development of various types of alternatives to balancing transport is on the agenda of modern cities. One of these types of services includes automated short-term car [...] Read more.
In the era of upcoming European Union regulations limiting the registration of combustion cars from 2035, the development of various types of alternatives to balancing transport is on the agenda of modern cities. One of these types of services includes automated short-term car rental systems, i.e., car-sharing systems. In recent years, car-sharing services have been gaining more and more interest among operators and municipal authorities. Despite their intense activities, there are still people in society who have not used car-sharing services so far. A lot of research has been devoted to an attempt to answer their needs in the field of car-sharing, but there is a research gap in the field of detailed analyses of the fleet of cars that they would like to use. Noticing this niche, this article is dedicated to the topic of selecting vehicles for car-sharing systems from the point of view of current non-users and indicating the features that, in their opinion, are the most important parameters characterizing the given vehicles. The research was conducted for the Polish car-sharing market. The obtained results indicate that current non-users would be most interested in small, city B-class cars equipped with internal combustion or electric engines, equipped with a large luggage compartment, and meeting the highest safety standards. Interestingly, the issue of the charging time for electric vehicles was not considered crucial. The results showed that the expectations of non-user vehicles are in contradiction to the expectations of current system users. The article supports car-sharing operators who want to properly manage and modernize their fleet of vehicles to encourage the use of car-sharing among those who are currently unconvinced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric and Hydrogen Vehicles in Urban Transport Systems: The Current State, Plans, and Technical Requirements)
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14 pages, 1012 KiB  
Article
Carsharing Vehicle Fleet Selection from the Frequent User’s Point of View
by Katarzyna Turoń
Energies 2022, 15(17), 6166; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176166 - 25 Aug 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2057
Abstract
Short-term car rental services, i.e., carsharing, is a solution that has been developing better and better in urban transport systems in recent years. Along with intensive expansion, service providers have to face an increasing number of challenges to compete with each other. One [...] Read more.
Short-term car rental services, i.e., carsharing, is a solution that has been developing better and better in urban transport systems in recent years. Along with intensive expansion, service providers have to face an increasing number of challenges to compete with each other. One of them is meeting the expectations of customers about the fleet of vehicles offered in the system. While this aspect is noticed in the literature review mainly in terms of fleet optimization and management, there is a research gap regarding the appropriate selection of vehicle models. In response, the article was dedicated to identifying the vehicles that were best suited to carsharing systems from the point of view of frequent customers. The selection of appropriate vehicles was treated as a multi-criteria decision issue, therefore the study used one of the multi-criteria decision support methods—ELECTRE III. The work focuses on researching the opinions of users (experts) who often use carsharing services in Poland. The study included a list of the most popular vehicles in Europe in 2021, including classic, electric, and hybrid cars, and a list of 11 evaluation criteria. The research results indicate for frequent users the advantage of conventional drive vehicles over electric and hydrogen vehicles. Moreover, they indicate that the best vehicles are relatively large cars (European car segments C and D) with the greatest possible length, boot capacity, engine power, number of safety systems, and quality. On the other hand, the least important issues are the number of seats in the vehicle and the number of doors. Interestingly, the vehicles selected by frequent users questioned the concept of small city cars, which occupied a small public space on which carsharing was supposed to focus. The results obtained support the operators of carsharing services in making fleet decisions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric and Hydrogen Vehicles in Urban Transport Systems: The Current State, Plans, and Technical Requirements)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Evaluating the impacts of autonomous electric vehicles adoption on vehicle miles traveled and CO2 emissions
Authors: Jingyi Xiao; Konstadinos G. Goulias; Srinath Ravulaparthy; Shivam Sharda
Affiliation: Department of Geography and GeoTrans Lab, University of California, Santa Barbara, usa
Abstract: Prior to the market uptake of autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs), it is critical to understand the consumer segments of AEV adopters and quantify the impact of AEV adoption. In this pilot study, using survey data, a statistical model correlating AEV adoption intention and socioeconomic and built environment attributes was estimated, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to understand the importance of factors impacting AEV adoption. This is followed by a synthetic population microsimulation of market penetration in California Bay Area. With five household vehicle replacement scenarios, we assessed the annual vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and tailpipe Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions change associated with vehicle replacement. It is found that adopting AEVs can potentially reduce more than 5 megatons of CO2 yearly, which is approximately 30% of the total CO2 emitted by internal combustion engine cars in the region.

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