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Diagnostics
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Advances in Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers: 2nd Edition
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Advances in Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers: 2nd Edition

A Special Issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418) belonging to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 1108

Editors

Dr. Angela Santoro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Interests: breast pathology; gynecological oncology; molecular pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Gian Franco Zannoni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Interests: breast pathology; gynecological oncology; molecular pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Routine clinical practice is moving towards personalized medicine by means of biological tissue prognostic/predictive biomarkers and next-generation sequencing applied to solid samples, liquid biopsy, or the use of single-cell DNA/RNA sequencing. Improvements in our understanding of the altered molecular background in different gynecological malignancies have allowed more precise pathological diagnoses, effective targeted therapies, the development of new therapeutic options in modern immunotherapy, and more accurate prognostic risk stratification. In addition to histopathology coupled with molecular diagnostics, it has been shown that the potential benefits of DP (digital pathology), AI (artificial intelligence), and ML (machine learning) technologies in gynecologic tumors can greatly increase the accuracy and efficacy of cancer diagnosis, reduce diagnostic delays, and possibly eliminate the performance of needless invasive operations. Oncological pretargeting has also been implemented and tested in several different ways in preclinical models and clinical trials for gynecological cancers, due mainly to its suitability for imaging (PET imaging). Moreover, robotic surgical techniques are now a modern reality. This Special Issue will highlight recent advances of different types in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancers.

Dr. Angela Santoro
Prof. Gian Franco Zannoni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gynecological cancers
  • histopathology
  • next-generation sequencing
  • liquid biopsy
  • theranostics
  • digital pathology
  • artificial intelligence and machine learning

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1845 KB  
Article
Diagnostic Consistency and Morphological Limits of Extraovarian Lesions in Ovarian Serous Tumors: A Comparative Study Between Gynecological and General Pathologists
by Alina Badlaeva, Anna Tregubova, Natalia Arzhanukhina, Alevtina Chamorovskaya, Vladimir Borzunov, Polina Sheshko, Valentina Litvinova, Larisa Ezhova and Aleksandra Asaturova
Diagnostics 2026, 16(8), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics16081136 - 10 Apr 2026
Viewed by 715
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Since non-invasive implants and invasive implants (metastases) are a key point of differentiation between serous borderline tumors (SBTs) and low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC), the correct diagnosis of these two types of extraovarian lesions is crucial for patient treatment and prognosis. However, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Since non-invasive implants and invasive implants (metastases) are a key point of differentiation between serous borderline tumors (SBTs) and low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC), the correct diagnosis of these two types of extraovarian lesions is crucial for patient treatment and prognosis. However, accurate diagnosis can be challenging even for experienced pathologists. The aim of this study was to evaluate interobserver agreement in the classification of these extraovarian lesions. Methods: Twenty-four cases of ovarian SBT and LGSC with 33 samples of non-invasive implants of SBT and metastasis of LGSC were independently reviewed by three gynecologic pathologists and three general pathologists. Diagnostic criteria included destructive invasion, micropapillary architecture, and retraction clefts. To measure interobserver agreement, Fleiss’ kappa and Cohen’s kappa were calculated, with consensus diagnoses determined by the majority of gynecologic pathologists. Results: According to the consensus, diagnosis 42.4% biopsies were classified as metastases of LGSC and 57.6% as non-invasive implants of SBT. Overall reproducibility was substantial (κ = 0.61). The agreement among gynecologic pathologists, as well as between gynecologic pathologists and the consensus (using leave-one-out reference), was substantial to near-perfect (κ = 0.745–0.821). General pathologists’ agreement with the consensus was moderate (κ = 0.467–0.698). Agreement between general pathologists was also moderate, with κ values ranging from 0.413 to 0.518. The difference in pairwise agreement between the two groups was statistically significant, confirming that gynecologic pathologists outperformed general pathologists in classifying extraovarian lesions. Conclusions: The results showed that current diagnostic reproducibility remains suboptimal, particularly among general pathologists, underscoring the need for improved training and standardized criteria. Ultimately, a multidisciplinary approach combining morphological expertise, immunohistochemical validation and molecular stratification will be essential for optimizing diagnosis and treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers: 2nd Edition)
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