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Colloids and Interfaces
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Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces
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Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces

A special issue of Colloids and Interfaces (ISSN 2504-5377).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 15204

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cecile Lemaitre

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National School of Chemical Industries (ENSIC), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
Interests: rheology; fluid mechanics of complex fluids; CFD; suspension; emulsions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Philippe Marchal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
Interests: polymeric materials; material characterization; glass transition; flow; powders; rheology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Emulsions and foams, stabilized by particles, proteins, polymers or surfactants, can be found in numerous industrial applications—particularly in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. In these complex formulated products, the presence of fluid–fluid interfaces induces complex rheological behavior and hydrodynamics. In order to control the stability of these systems and to provide them with the desired end-use properties, it is fundamental to understand the relationship between their interfacial microstructure and their bulk rheological properties. In this context, this Special Issue aims at covering the recent advances in structural rheology, emphasizing the link between interfacial rheology, volumic rheology and macroscopic end-use properties.

We welcome the submission of papers on topics including but not limited to the following:

  • Surfactant, polymer, protein, particle-laden interfaces;
  • Interfacial rheometry and tensiometry;
  • Hydrodynamics and colloidal transport at interfaces;
  • Emulsification and foaming, emulsion and foam stability;
  • Structural modelling of interfacial vs volumic rheology;
  • Dynamics and agglomeration under flow;
  • Multiphase evolving or reacting systems, especially at the interfaces.

Dr. Cecile Lemaitre
Prof. Dr. Philippe Marchal
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Colloids and Interfaces is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • emulsion
  • foam
  • interface
  • rheology
  • transport at interfaces

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1878 KiB  
Article
Distribution of Red Blood Cells Deformability: Study on Density-Separated Cell Subpopulations
by Gregory Barshtein, Dan Arbell, Alexander Gural and Leonid Livshits
Colloids Interfaces 2024, 8(4), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8040047 - 19 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1184
Abstract
Aging-related processes lead to significant metabolic and structural changes in red blood cells (RBCs) and, as a result, to heterogeneity in cell populations. Using the Percoll linear density gradient, separating the RBC population and obtaining fractions enriched with cells of different ages is [...] Read more.
Aging-related processes lead to significant metabolic and structural changes in red blood cells (RBCs) and, as a result, to heterogeneity in cell populations. Using the Percoll linear density gradient, separating the RBC population and obtaining fractions enriched with cells of different ages is possible. Previously, cells from the “light” fraction were characterized by increased deformability. However, the distribution of RBC deformability in subpopulations possessing a different density has not been studied. In this study, we measured the deformability of RBCs from cell fractions characterized by different densities. RBC deformability was determined using a computerized cell flow-properties analyzer, which provides the deformability distribution in a population of 10,000–15,000 cells. Our results demonstrate a strong correlation between the cytosol hemoglobin concentration and the cell deformation indexes. In addition, we show that the “lightest” fraction of RBCs contains the lowest number of deformable and the highest number of highly deformable cells. In contrast, the “dense” fraction is enriched with undeformable RBCs, with a minimal presence of highly deformable cells. In summary, we have shown that RBC fractions depleted or enriched with undeformable cells can be obtained by using a density gradient. However, these fractions are not homogeneous in their deformability properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces)
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14 pages, 3059 KiB  
Article
Discontinuous Shear Thickening of Suspensions of Magnetic Particles in Relation to the Polymer Coating on Their Surfaces
by Georges Bossis, Olga Volkova and Yan Grasselli
Colloids Interfaces 2024, 8(3), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8030033 - 17 May 2024
Viewed by 1328
Abstract
The phenomenon of discontinuous shear thickening (DST) is observed in suspensions of solid particles with a very high-volume fraction. It is characterized by an abrupt decrease in the shear rate for critical stress during a ramp of stress. This behavior can be reproduced [...] Read more.
The phenomenon of discontinuous shear thickening (DST) is observed in suspensions of solid particles with a very high-volume fraction. It is characterized by an abrupt decrease in the shear rate for critical stress during a ramp of stress. This behavior can be reproduced in numerical simulations by introducing a local friction between two particles above a given local force. We present experimental results showing this DST behavior obtained with suspensions of magnetic (iron) and nonmagnetic (calcium carbonate) particles and different amounts of a superplasticizer molecule used in the cement industry. For both types of particles, the same behavior was observed with first an increase in critical stress with the amount of plasticizer followed by a decrease at higher concentrations but with a larger viscosity before critical stress was reached. At a low concentration of plasticizer, the low critical stress is interpreted by the local sliding of plasticizer molecules on the surface of particles. At higher concentrations, when total coverage is achieved, the critical stress is higher since it has to remove the molecules out of the surface. At still higher concentrations, the increase in viscosity is explained by the formation of multilayers of molecules on the surface of the particles. This interpretation is supported by the measurement of the adsorption isotherm of the plasticizer on the surface of the particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces)
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Graphical abstract

14 pages, 3182 KiB  
Article
Rheological Behaviors and Fractional Viscoelastic Modeling of Glucopone (APG)/Water/Hydrocarbons Solutions
by Mohamed A. Siddig
Colloids Interfaces 2024, 8(3), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8030027 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1149
Abstract
The aims of this work are to study the rheological behaviors of a microemulsion of Glucopone–water–hydrocarbon systems and to use a fractional model to describe several experimental results of these systems. Four different types of hydrocarbons were considered. The frequency dependent storage, G [...] Read more.
The aims of this work are to study the rheological behaviors of a microemulsion of Glucopone–water–hydrocarbon systems and to use a fractional model to describe several experimental results of these systems. Four different types of hydrocarbons were considered. The frequency dependent storage, G′, and loss modulus, G″, were investigated below the critical strain. The critical strain was found to decrease as the alkane chain lengths increased, while the opposite behavior was observed for zero shear viscosity, η0. Most of the microemulsions exhibited stable elastic fluid behavior (G′ > G″) below 10 rad s−1 angular frequency. For all systems, elastic modulus values were found to be greater than loss modulus in the frequency range studied, indicating more elastic behaviors. Shear-thinning behaviors were observed, and the complex viscosity decreased with an increase in hydrocarbon chain lengths. The effects of hydrocarbon types on the rheological behaviors were more profound in the dodecane systems which showed maximum values of G′ and η0. The Friedrich–Braun model was introduced and was used to describe several experimental results on Alkyl polyglocoside solutions. Fractional rheology successfully described the viscoelastic phenomena in Glucopone surfactant solutions and the comparisons between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions were found to be satisfactory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces)
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13 pages, 921 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Copolymer-Based Nanoparticle Composition (MEO2MA-OEGMA) on the Release Profile of Doxorubicin In Vitro
by Zied Ferjaoui, Eric Gaffet and Halima Alem
Colloids Interfaces 2024, 8(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8010001 - 19 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1792
Abstract
The release of drugs from core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) is a crucial factor in ensuring high reproducibility, stability, and quality control. It serves as the scientific basis for the development of nanocarriers. Several factors, such as composition, composition ratio, ingredient interactions, and preparation methods, [...] Read more.
The release of drugs from core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) is a crucial factor in ensuring high reproducibility, stability, and quality control. It serves as the scientific basis for the development of nanocarriers. Several factors, such as composition, composition ratio, ingredient interactions, and preparation methods, influence the drug release from these carrier systems. The objective of our study was to investigate and discuss the relationship between modifications of core/shell NPs as multifunctional drug delivery systems and the properties and kinetics of drug release using an in vitro drug release model. In this paper, we prepared four core/shell NPs consisting of a superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (Fe3−δO4) core encapsulated by a biocompatible thermo-responsive copolymer, poly(2-(2-methoxy) ethyl methacrylate-oligo (ethylene glycol) methacrylate) or P(MEO2MAx-OEGMA100−x) (where x and 100 − x represented the molar fractions of MEO2MA and OEGMA, respectively), and loaded with doxorubicin (DOX). Colloidal behavior measurements in water and PBS as a function of temperature showed an optimization of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) depending on the molar fractions of MEO2MA and OEGMA used to form each NPs. In vitro studies of doxorubicin release as a function of temperature demonstrated a high control of release based on the LCST. A temperature of approximately 45 °C for 60 h was sufficient to release 100% of the DOX loaded in the NPs for each sample. In conclusion, external stimuli can be used to modulate the drug release behavior. Core/shell NPs hold great promise as a technique for multifunctional drug delivery systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces)
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20 pages, 51857 KiB  
Article
Rheology of Suspensions of Solid Particles in Liquids Thickened by Starch Nanoparticles
by Ghazaleh Ghanaatpishehsanaei and Rajinder Pal
Colloids Interfaces 2023, 7(3), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids7030052 - 24 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3061
Abstract
The rheology of suspensions of solid particles in aqueous matrix liquids thickened by starch nanoparticles (SNP) was investigated. The SNP concentration varied from 9.89 to 34.60 wt% based on the aqueous matrix phase. The solids concentration of suspensions varied from 0 to 47 [...] Read more.
The rheology of suspensions of solid particles in aqueous matrix liquids thickened by starch nanoparticles (SNP) was investigated. The SNP concentration varied from 9.89 to 34.60 wt% based on the aqueous matrix phase. The solids concentration of suspensions varied from 0 to 47 wt% (0 to 56 vol%). The suspensions at any given SNP concentration were generally Newtonian at low solids concentrations. At high solids concentrations, the suspensions were non-Newtonian shear-thinning. With the increase in the SNP concentration, the suspensions become non-Newtonian at a lower solids concentration. The rheological behavior of non-Newtonian suspensions could be described adequately with a power-law model. The consistency index of the suspension increased with the increase in solids concentration of the suspension at any given SNP concentration. The flow behavior index of suspensions was well below unity at high solids concentrations, indicating non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior. The value of the flow behavior index decreased with the increase in solids concentration indicating an enhancement of shear-thinning in suspensions. The experimental viscosity and consistency data for Newtonian and non-Newtonian suspensions showed good agreement with the predictions of the Pal viscosity model for suspensions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces)
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19 pages, 8653 KiB  
Article
Rheology of Pickering Emulsions Stabilized and Thickened by Cellulose Nanocrystals over Broad Ranges of Oil and Nanocrystal Concentrations
by Saumay Kinra and Rajinder Pal
Colloids Interfaces 2023, 7(2), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids7020036 - 24 Apr 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3110
Abstract
The rheology of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, stabilized and thickened by cellulose nanocrystals, also referred to as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), was investigated over broad ranges of NCC and oil concentrations. The NCC concentration was varied from 1.03 to 7.41 wt% based on the aqueous [...] Read more.
The rheology of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, stabilized and thickened by cellulose nanocrystals, also referred to as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), was investigated over broad ranges of NCC and oil concentrations. The NCC concentration was varied from 1.03 to 7.41 wt% based on the aqueous phase. The oil concentration of the emulsion was varied from approximately 10 to 70 wt%. The emulsions produced were highly stable with respect to creaming and coalescence. The emulsions were non-Newtonian in that they exhibited strong shear-thinning behavior. The rheological data were described adequately by a power-law model. The consistency index (K) and the flow behavior index (n) of the emulsions were strongly dependent on the NCC and oil concentrations. At a fixed oil concentration, the consistency index increased whereas the flow behavior index decreased with the increase in NCC concentration. A similar behavior was observed when the NCC concentration was fixed and the oil concentration was increased; that is, the consistency index increased whereas the flow behavior index decreased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces)
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27 pages, 1543 KiB  
Article
Transient Analysis of the Electro-Osmotic Flow of Multilayer Immiscible Maxwell Fluids in an Annular Microchannel
by Juan P. Escandón, David A. Torres, Clara G. Hernández, Juan R. Gómez and René O. Vargas
Colloids Interfaces 2022, 6(4), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids6040060 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2373
Abstract
This work investigates the transient multilayer electro-osmotic flow of viscoelastic fluids through an annular microchannel. The dimensionless mathematical model of multilayer flow is integrated by the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation, the Cauchy momentum equation, the rheological Maxwell model, initial conditions, and the electrostatic and [...] Read more.
This work investigates the transient multilayer electro-osmotic flow of viscoelastic fluids through an annular microchannel. The dimensionless mathematical model of multilayer flow is integrated by the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation, the Cauchy momentum equation, the rheological Maxwell model, initial conditions, and the electrostatic and hydrodynamic boundary conditions at liquid-liquid and solid-liquid interfaces. Although the main force that drives the movement of fluids is due to electrokinetic effects, a pressure gradient can also be added to the flow. The semi-analytical solution for the electric potential distribution and velocity profiles considers analytical techniques as the Laplace transform method, with numerical procedures using the inverse matrix method for linear algebraic equations and the concentrated matrix exponential method for the inversion of the Laplace transform. The results presented for velocity profiles and velocity tracking at the transient regime reveal an interesting oscillatory behavior that depends on elastic fluid properties via relaxation times. The time required for the flow to reach steady-state is highly dependent on the viscosity ratios and the dimensionless relaxation times. In addition, the influence of other dimensionless parameters on the flow as the electrokinetic parameters, zeta potentials at the walls, permittivity ratios, ratio of pressure forces to electro-osmotic forces, number of fluid layers, and annular thickness are investigated. The findings of this study have significant implications for the precise control of parallel fluid transport in microfluidic devices for flow-focusing applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheology of Complex Fluids and Interfaces)
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