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Bioactive Coatings on Medical Implants
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Bioactive Coatings on Medical Implants

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactive Coatings and Biointerfaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 13193

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Melania Maglio

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Guest Editor
IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
Interests: preclinical research for tissue engineering studies; regenerative medicine; evaluation of experimental treatments and medical devices for orthopedic application; development of experimental modeling, alternative methods and advanced preclinical research models; imaging and histomorphometry for musculoskeletal tissue
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Sartori

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
Interests: preclinical research on biocompatibility, biofunctionality, bioactivity, and therapeutic efficacy of new biomaterials, scaffolds, coatings, biomedical devices; tissue engineering and regenerative techniques; histologial and histomorphometric techniques; osteointegration; osteolysis; fractures and bone losses; bone infection; biomarkers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the field of medical implants, especially in othopaedics and dentistry, has undergone a great development, linked to the increasing population age and the improvement of surgical techniques, as well as the greater availability of versatile materials employed for implants.

In this framework, the development of coatings for medical implants, to improve the performance and enrich the field of action of the materials, had a great boost, thanks to the advance in manufacturing and in functionalization techniques, at both micro- and nano-levels.

Such coatings are required to address multiple needs, such as the following:

  • ameliorating the integration in the implanted site;
  • assuring biocompatibility, tissue functionality, and biomechanical properties;
  • preventing bacterial growth and the onset of pre-implant infections;
  • delivering pharmacological treatments.

Despite the advances in this field, we are far from having designed “ideal” coatings, able to successfully achieve the above mentioned goals in all clinical situations. Many aspects, in fact, can bias and influence the outcome of coated implants: from co-morbidities affecting patients, to development of bacterial resistance phenomena, or pre-exhisting pathologies that can alter the implanted site or require concomitant treatment, much effort is still needed to improve the path of coating research, not only in terms of fabrication and design, but also in the choice of the best models for efficacy evaluations.

In particular, the topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • design and development of new bioactive coatings
  • functionalization strategies
  • preclinical models
  • biocompatibility and bioactivity assessment
  • antibacterial efficacy studies
  • restrospective studies/clinical trials

Dr. Melania Maglio
Dr. Maria Sartori
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 32648 KiB  
Article
Template Electrochemical Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite on a Titania–Silver Composite Surface for Potential Use in Implantology
by Evgeniy V. Orekhov, Andrey Yu. Arbenin, Elena G. Zemtsova, Darya N. Sokolova, Alexandra N. Ponomareva, Maxim A. Shevtsov, Natalia M. Yudintceva and Vladimir M. Smirnov
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 266; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020266 - 16 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2861
Abstract
Modern materials science, both in terms of functional and structural materials, is actively developing towards the creation of structures with a given ordering. A wide range of methods involves ordering the structure according to a template shape. Template synthesis is one of the [...] Read more.
Modern materials science, both in terms of functional and structural materials, is actively developing towards the creation of structures with a given ordering. A wide range of methods involves ordering the structure according to a template shape. Template synthesis is one of the mots wide-spread approaches. Most often, the template synthesis method is implemented under conditions of limiting the growth of the phase due to the geometry of the template. In the present work, a template electrochemical method is considered for calcium hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating synthesis, based on the replication of the planar template texture during deposition. In this case, the template is an array of silver microparticles immobilized on an electrically conductive substrate, separated by an insulator layer. The developed approach is similar to the mask metallization widely used in planar technology. In this work, the possibility of the template pulsed electrodeposition of ceramics rather than metal is shown using HAp as an example. This approach is interesting for materials science, in particular, for obtaining micro-ordered hydroxyapatite structures—a crystallochemical analogue of the inorganic bone tissue component—on the surface of bone implants, which can be implemented to improve their biomedical characteristics. As a result of our study, we experimentally determined the conditions for obtaining the composite coating TiO2/Ag/Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 with controlled phase structure, topology and localization of components on the surface, which was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction (SEM, EDS and XRD). The absence of cytotoxicity for the osteoblast-like cells of the developed coating was revealed by cytological tests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Coatings on Medical Implants)
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15 pages, 4802 KiB  
Article
Porous Carbonated Hydroxyapatite-Based Paraffin Wax Nanocomposite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Physicochemical Properties and Cell Viability Assay Analysis
by Mona Sari, Aminatun, Tri Suciati, Yessie Widya Sari and Yusril Yusuf
Coatings 2021, 11(10), 1189; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11101189 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3597
Abstract
Porosity is one of the parameters of scaffold pore structure that must be developed using paraffin wax as a synthetic polymer for making porous bioceramics carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). This study fabricated CHA based on abalone mussel shells (Halioitis asinina); CHA/paraffin wax [...] Read more.
Porosity is one of the parameters of scaffold pore structure that must be developed using paraffin wax as a synthetic polymer for making porous bioceramics carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). This study fabricated CHA based on abalone mussel shells (Halioitis asinina); CHA/paraffin wax nanocomposite scaffolds were synthesized using paraffin wax with concentration variations of 10, 20, and 30 wt.%. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) results showed that the Ca/P molar ratio of CHA was 1.72, which approaches the natural bone. The addition of paraffin wax in all concentration variation treatments caused the crystallographic properties of the CHA/paraffin wax nanocomposite scaffolds to decrease. The results of pore analysis suggest that the high concentration of paraffin wax in the CHA suspension is involved in the formation of more pores on the surface of the scaffold, but only CHA/paraffin wax 30 wt.% had a scaffold with potential to be used in media with a cellular growth orientation. The micropore analysis was also supported by the cell viability assay results for CHA/paraffin wax 30 wt.% nanocomposite scaffold, where serial doses of scaffold concentrations to mouse osteoblast cells were secure. Overall, based on this analysis, the CHA/paraffin wax scaffold can be a candidate for bone tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Coatings on Medical Implants)
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18 pages, 4948 KiB  
Article
Biomimetic Strontium Substituted Calcium Phosphate Coating for Bone Regeneration
by Marcella Torres Maia, Ana Lorena de Brito Soares, Matheus Afio Caetano, Fábia Karine Andrade, Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón and Rodrigo Silveira Vieira
Coatings 2021, 11(8), 908; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11080908 - 29 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2908
Abstract
Cellulose acetate (CA)/strontium phosphate (SrP) hybrid coating has been proposed as an effective strategy to build up novel bone-like structures for bone healing since CA is soluble in most organic solvents. Strontium (Sr2+) has been reported as a potential agent to [...] Read more.
Cellulose acetate (CA)/strontium phosphate (SrP) hybrid coating has been proposed as an effective strategy to build up novel bone-like structures for bone healing since CA is soluble in most organic solvents. Strontium (Sr2+) has been reported as a potential agent to treat degenerative bone diseases due to its osteopromotive and antibacterial effects. Herein, bioactive hybrid composite SrP-based coatings (CASrP) were successfully produced for the first time. CASrP was synthesized via a modified biomimetic method (for 7—CA7dSrP, and 14 days—CA14dSrP), in which the metal ion Sr2+ was used in place of Ca2+ in the simulated body fluid. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the SrP incorporation chemically in the CASrP samples. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) supported EDX data, showing Sr2+ adsorption into CA, and its significant increase with the augmentation of time of treatment (ca. 92%—CA7dSrP and 96%—CA14dSrP). An increment in coating porosity and the formation of SrP crystals were evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. X-ray diffraction (XRD) evidenced a greater crystallinity than CA membranes and a destabilization of CA14dSrP structure compared to CA7dSrP. The composites were extremely biocompatible for fibroblast and osteoblast cells. Cell viability (%) was higher either for CA7dSrP (48 h: ca. 92% and 115%) and CA14dSrP (48 h: ca. 88% and 107%) compared to CA (48 h: ca. 70% and 51%) due to SrP formation and Sr2+ presence in its optimal dose in the culture media (4.6–9 mg·L−1). In conclusion, the findings elucidated here evidence the remarkable potential of CA7dSrP and CA14dSrP as bioactive coatings on the development of implant devices for inducing bone regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Coatings on Medical Implants)
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14 pages, 2992 KiB  
Article
Effects of Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Bone Regeneration and Osseointegration of a Hydroxyapatite-Coated Titanium Implant
by Francesca Salamanna, Nicolandrea Del Piccolo, Maria Sartori, Gianluca Giavaresi, Lucia Martini, Giuseppe Di Sante, Cesare Stagni, Dante Dallari and Milena Fini
Coatings 2021, 11(7), 840; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070840 - 12 Jul 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2539
Abstract
Bone regeneration remains one of the major clinical needs in orthopedics, and advanced and alternative strategies involving bone substitutes, cells, and growth factors (GFs) are mandatory. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the association of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem [...] Read more.
Bone regeneration remains one of the major clinical needs in orthopedics, and advanced and alternative strategies involving bone substitutes, cells, and growth factors (GFs) are mandatory. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the association of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), isolated by ‘one-step surgical procedure’, and activated platelet rich plasma (PRP) improves osseointegration and bone formation of a hydroxyapatite-coated titanium (Ti-HA) implant, already in clinical use, in a rabbit cancellous defect. The GFs present in plasma, in inactivated and activated PRP were also tested. At 2 weeks, histology and histomorphometry highlighted increased bone-to-implant contact (BIC) in Ti-HA combined with BMSC and PRP in comparison to Ti-HA alone and Ti-HA + PRP. The combined effect of BMSC and PRP peaked at 4 weeks where the BIC value was higher than all other treatments. At both experimental times, newly formed bone (Trabecular Bone Volume, BV/TV) in all tested treatments showed increased values in comparison to Ti-HA alone. At 4 weeks Ti-HA + PRP + BMSC showed the highest BV/TV and the highest osteoblasts number; additionally, a higher osteoid surface and bone formation rate were found in Ti-HA + BMSC + PRP than in all other treatments. Finally, the analyses of GFs revealed higher values in the activated PRP in comparison to plasma and to non-activated PRP. The study suggests that the combination of autologous activated PRP, as a carrier for BMSCs, is a promising regenerative strategy for bone formation, osseointegration, and mineralization of bone implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Coatings on Medical Implants)
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