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Molecular Functions of Long Non-Coding RNAs: Implications for Diseases and Therapy

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 767

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Interests: long non-coding RNAs; molecular mechanisms; gene regulation; disease implications; therapeutic potential

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue concentrates on the expanding field of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their pivotal contributions to disease pathophysiology. While lncRNAs were once viewed merely as transcriptional noise, recent findings indicate they participate in diverse cellular functions, including gene regulation, chromatin remodeling, and RNA splicing. By integrating current research and advanced methodologies, this collection of articles aims to highlight how lncRNAs modulate molecular processes in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and more. The presented studies emphasize both basic and translational research, revealing how targeting or harnessing lncRNAs might shape new therapeutic strategies. Contributors discuss emerging technologies for lncRNA profiling, functional characterization, and validation, offering a roadmap for identifying disease-specific biomarkers and tailoring targeted interventions. Overall, this Special Issue seeks to stimulate discussion on the dynamic roles of lncRNAs, catalyzing future investigations and advancing the development of innovative treatments for diverse human diseases. These advances aim to foster meaningful clinical breakthroughs.

Dr. Bodhisattwa Banerjee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)
  • gene regulation
  • molecular mechanisms
  • chromatin remodeling
  • epigenetic control
  • disease pathophysiology
  • biomarker discovery
  • therapeutic strategies
  • translational research

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1105 KiB  
Article
lncRNAs as Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk and Liver Damage in Advanced Chronic Hepatitis C
by Driéle B. dos Santos, Geysson J. Fernandez, Letícia T. Silva, Giovanni F. Silva, Estela O. Lima, Aline F. Galvani, Guilherme L. Pereira and Adriana C. Ferrasi
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(5), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47050348 - 10 May 2025
Viewed by 536
Abstract
Background/Objectives: LncRNAs have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their role in gene regulation of carcinogenesis and presence in biological fluids. Liquid biopsies offer a less invasive alternative to tissue biopsies, improving early cancer diagnosis and surveillance. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: LncRNAs have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their role in gene regulation of carcinogenesis and presence in biological fluids. Liquid biopsies offer a less invasive alternative to tissue biopsies, improving early cancer diagnosis and surveillance. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most lethal and prevalent cancers. Late diagnoses contribute to poor prognosis, particularly in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, which is a major risk factor for HCC. Tissue biopsies for HCC diagnosis pose risks, including tumor dissemination, highlighting the urgent need for noninvasive biomarkers. Several lncRNAs are deregulated in HCC and may be potential markers for assessing HCC risk in CHC. This study evaluated seven lncRNAs as plasma biomarkers for HCC risk in CHC. Methods: lncRNA expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR in three groups: CHC patients who developed HCC within a 5-year follow-up (HCCpos), CHC patients who did not develop HCC within a 5-year follow-up (HCCneg), and healthy blood donors (CG). Results: This study found that plasma lncRNAs HULC and RP11-731F5.2 are potential biomarkers for HCC risk, while RP11-731F5.2 and KCNQ1OT1 may serve as noninvasive biomarkers for liver damage due to HCV infection. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential of lncRNAs in enhancing early diagnosis and monitoring of HCC in CHC patients. Full article
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