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Cells
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Flow Cytometry in Immunology Research
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Flow Cytometry in Immunology Research

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Methods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 14129

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ziv Porat

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head, Flow Cytometry Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Interests: imaging flow cytometry; flow cytometry; cell biology; malaria; Golgi; senescence; cancer; microscopy; cell adhesion
Dr. Ekaterina Kopitman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Flow Cytometry Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
Interests: full-spectrum flow cytometry; immunology; cell sorting; high-dimensional analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flow cytometry has become an indispensable tool for immunologists, offering a powerful way to analyze large number of cells rapidly on a single-cell basis. Researchers can measure multiple cellular features simultaneously, creating a more comprehensive picture of immune cell behavior. Flow cytometry can also be used to sort out specific cell populations based on their properties, enabling multiple applications of these isolated cells. Technological advancements result in a rapid increase in the number of available dyes as well as allowing instruments to detect a larger number and variety of parameters. The introduction of spectral and imaging flow cytometry further increases dramatically the amount of available information and deepens our understanding of immunological processes. 

This Special Issue will include many novel immunological applications utilizing flow cytometry, including multi-parametric immuno-phenotyping in various disease models, host-pathogen interactions, cancer immunology, immunological functional assays and methods, new analytical tools, and other related topics.  

Dr. Ziv Porat
Dr. Ekaterina Kopitman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multi-parametric analysis
  • full-spectrum flow cytometry
  • imaging flow cytometry
  • immuno-phenotyping
  • immune synapse
  • cytokines
  • activation markers
  • cancer immunology
  • host-pathogen interactions
  • functional immune assays

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 20757 KB  
Article
Protective Immune Signatures Associated with Latent TB Infection in PLHIV—Insights from an Integrative Prospective Immune Monitoring Study
by Shilpa Bhowmick, Pratik Devadiga, Sapna Yadav, Nandan Mohite, Pranay Gurav, Tejaswini Pandey, Varsha Padwal, Namrata Neman, Aarya Suryawanshi, Satyajit Musale, Amit Kumar Singh, Sharad Bhagat, Snehal Kaginkar, Harsha Palav, Shantanu Birje, Shilpa Kerkar, Susan Idicula-Thomas, Vidya Nagar, Priya Patil, Sachee Agrawal, Sushma Gaikwad, Jayanthi Shastri, Nupur Mukherjee, Kiran Munne, Vikrant M. Bhor, Taruna Madan and Vainav Pateladd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Cells 2025, 14(20), 1622; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14201622 - 17 Oct 2025
Viewed by 810
Abstract
Understanding how HIV-1 pathogenesis affects systemic and TB specific immunity in the setting of latent (LTBI+) compared to active TB infection could provide actionable insights for the prevention of reactivation. Fifty HIV-seronegative and 112 HIV-1-positive anti-retroviral therapy (ART)-naïve participants were stratified as LTBI+ [...] Read more.
Understanding how HIV-1 pathogenesis affects systemic and TB specific immunity in the setting of latent (LTBI+) compared to active TB infection could provide actionable insights for the prevention of reactivation. Fifty HIV-seronegative and 112 HIV-1-positive anti-retroviral therapy (ART)-naïve participants were stratified as LTBI+ (n = 35), active TB+ (n = 22) and non-coinfected (n = 55) based on an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and clinical confirmation prior to receiving TB therapy. Systemic and TB-specific (DosR and Rpf) immune monitoring of cellular subsets, together with multi-analyte plasma analysis, was carried out. Pursuant to isoniazid prophylaxis therapy (IPT) and ART initiation, HIV-1-positive LTBI+ participants (HLTBI+) were followed for up to two years. Before ART initiation, HLTBI+ individuals exhibited the lowest levels of circulating intermediate monocytes, T-cell activation and PD-1 expression, with a decreased frequency of T-regulatory cells and higher circulating IL-10 and IL-17A. PD-1 expression on CD4+ T cell memory subsets, together with opposing anamnestic TNF-α responses to DosR and Rpf, was a discriminatory signature for the HLTBI+ group, as was preserved (following ART) TB-specific TNF-α production, which positively correlated with the CD4/CD8 ratio. Our results highlight an immunomodulatory phenotype conferred by latent TB infection in PLHIV, whose preservation may provide strategies to mitigate TB reactivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flow Cytometry in Immunology Research)
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13 pages, 3940 KB  
Article
Predictive Value of Flow Cytometry Quantification of BAL Lymphocytes and Neutrophils in ILD
by Erika M. Novoa-Bolivar, José A. Ros, Sonia Pérez-Fernández, José A. Campillo, Ruth López-Hernández, Rosana González-López, Almudena Otálora-Alcaraz, Cristina Ortuño-Hernández, Lourdes Gimeno, Inmaculada Ruiz-Lorente, Diana Ceballos-Francisco, Manuel Muro, Elena Solana, Pablo Martinez-Camblor and Alfredo Minguela
Cells 2024, 13(24), 2066; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13242066 - 13 Dec 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1634
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are pathologies affecting the pulmonary interstitium and, less frequently, the alveolar and vascular epithelia. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is commonly used in ILD evaluation since it allows the sampling of the lower respiratory tract. The prognostic value of BAL cell [...] Read more.
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are pathologies affecting the pulmonary interstitium and, less frequently, the alveolar and vascular epithelia. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is commonly used in ILD evaluation since it allows the sampling of the lower respiratory tract. The prognostic value of BAL cell counts in ILD is unknown. Flow cytometry quantification of lymphocytes and neutrophils in BAL of 1074 real-life consecutive patients were retrospectively correlated with clinical, radiological, anatomopathological, functional/spirometry, and evolutionary data. Cut-offs with predictive value were established at 7% and 5% for lymphocytes and neutrophils, respectively. Three risk stratification groups (Risk-LN) were established: FAVORABLE (lymphocytes > 7% and neutrophils < 5%), INTERMEDIATE (rest of patients), and UNFAVORABLE (lymphocytes < 7% and neutrophils > 5%), showing 75th percentile overall survival (OS) of 10.0 ± 1.4, 5.8 ± 0.6, and 3.0 ± 0.3 years (p < 0.001), respectively. A scoring model combining Risk-LN and the age of the patients with great predictive capacity for OS on fibrotic and non-fibrotic ILDs is proposed. This score is an independent predictive factor (HR = 1.859, p = 0.002) complementary to the fibrosis status (HR = 2.081, p < 0.001) and the type of treatment. Flow cytometry of BAL provides rapid and accurate quantification of lymphocytes and neutrophils, allowing the establishment of a risk score model that is useful in the clinical management of fibrotic and non-fibrotic ILDs from the time of diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flow Cytometry in Immunology Research)
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24 pages, 31715 KB  
Article
A Flow Cytometry-Based Examination of the Mouse White Blood Cell Differential in the Context of Age and Sex
by Elise Arlt, Andrea Kindermann, Anne-Kristin Fritsche, Alexander Navarrete Santos, Heike Kielstein and Ivonne Bazwinsky-Wutschke
Cells 2024, 13(18), 1583; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13181583 - 20 Sep 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 10290
Abstract
Analysis of the white blood cell differential as part of a flow cytometry-based approach is a common routine diagnostic tool used in clinics and research. For human blood, the methodological approach, suitable markers, and gating strategies are well-established. However, there is a lack [...] Read more.
Analysis of the white blood cell differential as part of a flow cytometry-based approach is a common routine diagnostic tool used in clinics and research. For human blood, the methodological approach, suitable markers, and gating strategies are well-established. However, there is a lack of information regarding the mouse blood count. In this article, we deliver a fast and easy protocol for reprocessing mouse blood for the purpose of flow cytometric analysis, as well as suitable markers and gating strategies. We also present two possible applications: for the analysis of the whole blood count, with blood from a cardiac puncture, and for the analysis of a certain leukocyte subset at multiple time points in the framework of a mouse experiment, using blood from the facial vein. Additionally, we provide orientation values by applying the method to 3-month-old and 24-month-old male and female C57BL/6J mice. Our analyses demonstrate differences in the leukocyte fractions depending on age and sex. We discuss the influencing factors and limitations that can affect the results and that, therefore, need to be considered when applying this method. The present study fills the gap in the knowledge related to the rare information on flow cytometric analysis of mouse blood and, thus, lays the foundation for further investigations in this area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flow Cytometry in Immunology Research)
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