Immune Cell Signaling Networks in Tumor and Regenerative Stem Cell Niches

A Special Issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409) belonging to the section "Stem Cells".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 February 2027 | Viewed by 998

Editor


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Guest Editor
Division of Hematologic Malignancies & Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, 905 S. LaSalle St, 2006 GSRB1, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Interests: immune-oncology; tumor microenvironment; inflammation; macrophages; dendritic cells; hematopoietic stem cells; cell signaling; calcium-signaling
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Immune cell signaling, constantly sensing biochemical and mechanical cues in the microenvironment, plays a key role in both malignant progression and tissue repair. In tumors, leukocytes are rewired by oncogenic pathways and aberrant matrix stiffness, whereas in regenerative stem cell niches the same signaling axes coordinate repair, remodeling, and homeostasis. This Special Issue, “Immune Cell Signaling Networks in Tumor and Regenerative Stem Cell Niches”, will showcase studies that unravel and therapeutically harness these shared mechanisms. We invite original research and state-of-the-art reviews exploring immune checkpoints, macrophage polarization, T-cell activation, and cytokine/chemokine landscapes via single-cell or spatial omics. Contributions employing engineered biomaterials, from adaptive hydrogels to organ-on-chip platforms, to build precise 3D culture models for mechanistic insight and drug testing are especially welcome, as are manuscripts translating these discoveries into novel immunotherapies, biomaterial-guided cell engineering, or combination strategies that regenerate tissue while restraining cancer. By bringing together expertise in cancer biology, regenerative medicine, and bioengineering, this issue will distill fundamental principles of immune regulation and outline actionable paths toward next-generation, niche-informed interventions that improve patient outcomes across disease spectra.

Dr. Luigi Racioppi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • tumor microenvironment
  • stem cell niche
  • macrophage polarization
  • T-cell activation
  • immune checkpoints
  • targetable signaling pathways
  • engineered biomaterials
  • immune signaling in 3D culture
  • organ-on-chip models
  • single-cell omics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 5314 KB  
Article
CaMKK2 Expression Correlates with High-Risk CLL Biology, and Pharmacologic Inhibition Is Associated with Reduced Leukemic Cell Survival and Nurse-like Cell Support In Vitro
by Shekeab Jauhari, Alicia D. Cooper-Volkheimer, Vini Verma, Dilber Gökçe Kaplan, Fahmin Basher, J. Brice Weinberg, Nelson J. Chao and Luigi Racioppi
Cells 2026, 15(14), 1294; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15141294 - 20 Jul 2026
Viewed by 547
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by clinical and biological heterogeneity shaped by intrinsic signaling programs and microenvironmental interactions. Established biomarkers, including IGHV mutation status and TP53 alterations, provide important clinical and molecular information, but do not fully capture the diversity of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by clinical and biological heterogeneity shaped by intrinsic signaling programs and microenvironmental interactions. Established biomarkers, including IGHV mutation status and TP53 alterations, provide important clinical and molecular information, but do not fully capture the diversity of pathways that sustain leukemic cell fitness. Aberrant calcium signaling contributes to leukemic survival; however, the clinical relevance of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2), a calcium-responsive kinase, has not been defined. This study evaluated CaMKK2 as a candidate marker associated with high-risk disease biology and a pathway of interest for further study. Methods: CaMKK2 expression was quantified in purified CD19+ CLL cells from a clinically annotated cohort balanced by immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) mutation status. Associations with time to treatment and overall survival were analyzed. Functional relevance was assessed by pharmacologic inhibition of CaMKK2 in primary CLL cells using metabolic (MTS) and apoptosis (Annexin V/PI) assays. Correlations between CaMKK2 expression and inhibitor sensitivity were determined. The impact of CaMKK2 inhibition on nurse-like cell (NLC) differentiation and macrophage-mediated leukemic support was evaluated in ex vivo culture systems. Results: Elevated CaMKK2 expression was enriched in IGHV-unmutated CLL and associated with shorter time to treatment and inferior overall survival. Pharmacological inhibition of CaMKK2 was associated with reduced primary CLL viability in a dose-dependent manner and increased Annexin V/PI-defined total cell death with sensitivity correlating with CaMKK2 expression levels. Inhibition also attenuated CD163+ macrophage polarization and impaired NLC-mediated support of leukemic cells. Conclusions: CaMKK2 expression is associated with IGHV-unmutated, high-risk CLL biology. Pharmacologic inhibition of CaMKK2 was associated with reduced leukemic cell viability and altered macrophage phenotypes in ex vivo systems. These findings are exploratory, derived from a limited cohort, and support further investigation into the role of CaMKK2 in CLL biology, but do not establish independent prognostic value or direct on-target causality. Full article
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