Cellular and Clinical Mechanisms of Growth Hormone and Growth Hormone Disorders
A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Microenvironment".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 7264
Special Issue Editors
Interests: cellular and clinical mechanisms of childhood obesity; cellular and clinical mechanism of growth hormone and growth hormone disorders; diabetes mellitus in children
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Interests: investigation of the molecular mechanisms involved in growth hormone disorders; investigation of oxidative stress mechanisms in type 1 diabetes mellitus; investigation of signaling pathways involved in pediatric and adult obesity; investigation of genetics and syndromic forms of congenital hyperinsulinism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Interests: diabetes; nutrition; oncology; metabolisms
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Growth hormone (GH) is an essential hormone that plays a significant role in skeletal development, linear growth, bone turnover, protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and immune function. The neuroregulation of GH secretion is extremely complex with neurotransmitters from higher brain centers modulating the secretion of GH-releasing hormones (GHRHs) and somatostatin in the hypothalamus, which, in turn, regulate the synthesis and secretion of GH from the pituitary gland. Once GH is secreted from the pituitary it binds either with its binding protein (the extracellular portion of the GH receptor (GHR)) or with the GHR, thus activating the tyrosine kinase JAK2 and an entire cascade of signaling proteins, inducing multiple molecular signaling pathways and cellular responses. One of these pathways includes the activation of the STAT transcription factors responsible for the expression of multiple genes, including the gene that encodes the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-I), the mediator of GH, which induces somatic growth and multiple GH-independent anabolic effects in multiple tissues and cells. It is noteworthy that the GHR, besides modulating growth, also plays a role in the body’s metabolism and in the reproductive, cardiovascular, hepatobilibary and gastrointestinal sytems. GH signaling is also a significant modulator of aging, cellular generation and the devlopment of cancer. Disorders in the hypothalamic–pituitary axis of GH and defects in the GH–IGF-I axis have been implicated not only in growth impairment but also in cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, renal disease and musculoskeletal disorders.
This Special Issue aims to summarize the current knowledge on the role of cellular and clinical mechanisms of growth hormone and growth hormone disorders.
We look forward to your contributions.
Prof. Dr. Bessie Spiliotis
Dr. Eirini Kostopoulou
Dr. Andrea Paola Rojas Gil
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- growth hormone
- IGF-I
- GHR
- hypothalamus
- pituitary gland
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