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Catalysts
Special Issues
Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials
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Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 16116

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zhongzheng Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, China
Interests: design and functionalization of novel carbons; adsorption separation; CO2 capture, utilization, and storage
Prof. Dr. Jia Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
Interests: electrocatalysis; gas adsorption and separation; heterocatalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Considerable attention has been paid to carbon materials, particularly mesoporous carbons and carbons with well-developed morphologies, because of their fascinating properties (e.g., regular structure, tunable porosity, high surface area, chemical and thermal stability, low cost) and promise in a wide range of applications (e.g., separation, catalysis, supercapacitors, sensing, energy storage conversion devices). Thus, recent intensive effort has been devoted to developing and synthesizing various advanced carbon materials with different nanostructures and active sites for wide practical applications. The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide readers with the latest research progress and state-of-the-art technologies developed in the preparation, characterization, modification, properties, and applications of carbon-based materials. 

Prof. Dr. Zhongzheng Zhang
Prof. Dr. Jia Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • activated carbon
  • carbon materials
  • mesoporous carbons
  • carbon composites
  • functionalized carbons
  • novel synthesis and activation methods
  • carbon catalysts

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4229 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Sonophotocatalytic Degradation of Acid Red 14 Using Fe3O4@SiO2/PAEDTC@MIL-101 (Fe) Based on Metal-Organic Framework
by Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Razzagh Rahimpoor, Abdolrasoul Rahmani, Rosario Mireya Romero-Parra, Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel, Firas Rahi Alhachami, Nezamaddin Mengelizadeh and Davoud Balarak
Catalysts 2023, 13(2), 411; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13020411 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1747
Abstract
Here, the magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2/PAEDTC@MIL-101 (Fe) with a new core-shell structure was synthesized, and its sonophotocatalytic properties were evaluated for acid red 14 (AR14) degradation. Particle characterizations were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), [...] Read more.
Here, the magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2/PAEDTC@MIL-101 (Fe) with a new core-shell structure was synthesized, and its sonophotocatalytic properties were evaluated for acid red 14 (AR14) degradation. Particle characterizations were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), and the analysis results offered an excellent synthesis of mesoporous particles. Fe3O4@SiO2/PAEDTC@MIL-101 (Fe)/UV/US showed high degradation kinetics rate (0.0327 min−1) compared to sonocatalytic processes (0.0181 min−1), photocatalytic (0218 min−1), sonolysis (0.008 min−1), and photolysis (0.005 min−1). Maximum removal efficiencies of AR14 (100%) and total organic carbon (69.96%) were obtained at pH of 5, catalyst mass of 0.5 g/L, initial AR14 concentration of 50 mg/L, and ultrasound power of 36 W. Evaluation of BOD5/COD ratio during dye treatment confirmed that the sonophotocatalysis process can be useful for converting major contaminant molecules into biodegradable compounds. After recycling eight times, the prepared composite still has sonophotocatalytic degradation stability above 90% for AR14. Scavenging tests confirmed that holes (h+) and hydroxyl (•OH) were the pivotal agents in the decomposition system. Based on the results, the synthesized sample can be suggested as an excellent and promising sonophotocatalyst for the degradation of AR14 dye and its conversion into biodegradable compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials)
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15 pages, 5642 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Application of Domestic Glassy Carbon TiO2 Nanocomposite for Electrocatalytic Triclosan Detection
by Vesna Stanković, Dragan Manojlović, Goran M. Roglić, Dmitry S. Tolstoguzov, Dmitry A. Zherebtsov, Daniel A. Uchaev, Viacheslav V. Avdin and Dalibor M. Stanković
Catalysts 2022, 12(12), 1571; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12121571 - 3 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1150
Abstract
Nanoparticles of TiO2 are suitable for many catalytic and photocatalytic applications due to their extraordinary properties such as superhydrophobicity, semiconductivity, electron-rich, and environmental compatibility. The main crystalline phases of TiO2, anatase, and rutile possess different crystal structures, crystallinity, crystalline sizes, [...] Read more.
Nanoparticles of TiO2 are suitable for many catalytic and photocatalytic applications due to their extraordinary properties such as superhydrophobicity, semiconductivity, electron-rich, and environmental compatibility. The main crystalline phases of TiO2, anatase, and rutile possess different crystal structures, crystallinity, crystalline sizes, and specific surface areas, and these characteristics directly affect the catalytic performance of TiO2. In the present study, domestic carbon material enhanced with TiO2 nanoparticles was synthesized and used for the construction of a modified carbon paste electrode. The electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrodes was investigated depending on the TiO2 crystalline phases in the electrode material. Furthermore, the obtained working electrode was utilized for triclosan detection. Under optimized experimental conditions, the developed electrode showed a submicromolar triclosan detection limit of 0.07 µM and a wide linear range of 0.1 to 15 µM. The relative standard deviations for repeatability and reproducibility were lower than 4.1%, and with satisfactory selectivity, the proposed system was successfully applied to triclosan monitoring in groundwater. All these results confirm that the sustainable production of new and domestically prepared materials is of great benefit in the field of electrocatalysis and that the morphology of such produced materials is strongly related to their catalytic properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials)
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12 pages, 1067 KiB  
Article
On Stability of High-Surface-Area Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2-Al2O3, and Activated Carbon Supports during Preparation of NiMo Sulfide Catalysts for Parallel Deoxygenation of Octanoic Acid and Hydrodesulfurization of 1-Benzothiophene
by Luděk Kaluža, Karel Soukup, Martin Koštejn, Jindřich Karban, Radostina Palcheva, Marek Laube and Daniela Gulková
Catalysts 2022, 12(12), 1559; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12121559 - 2 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1426
Abstract
NiMo sulfide catalysts were prepared by the impregnation of high surface area supports with an aqueous solution made of NiCO3·2Ni(OH)2, MoO3 and citric acid, followed by freeze drying and sulfidation in H2S/H2 mixture. N2 [...] Read more.
NiMo sulfide catalysts were prepared by the impregnation of high surface area supports with an aqueous solution made of NiCO3·2Ni(OH)2, MoO3 and citric acid, followed by freeze drying and sulfidation in H2S/H2 mixture. N2 physisorption and X-ray diffraction were selected to investigate the amphoteric oxides Al2O3 and TiO2, acidic SiO2-Al2O3 and activated carbon supports, fresh prepared sulfide NiMo catalysts and spent catalysts after model parallel reaction of octanoic acid deoxygenation and 1-benzothiophene hydrodesulfurization. The studied mesoporous amphoteric oxides Al2O3 and TiO2 did not lead to highly active NiMo catalysts due to the low hydrothermal stability of these supports during the preparation of the active sulfide phase and deoxygenation reaction. The most active catalyst based on oxidic support was the NiMo sulfide supported on acidic mesoporous SiO2-Al2O3, which was explained by the increased stability of this support to the water and CO/CO2 mixture during the activation of the sulfidic phase and deoxygenation reaction. The extraordinarily high stability of the activated carbon support led to outstanding activities of the sulfidic NiMo/C catalyst. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials)
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24 pages, 3408 KiB  
Article
Carbon Quantum Dot-Titanium Doped Strontium Ferrite Nanocomposite: Visible Light Active Photocatalyst to Degrade Nitroaromatics
by Jaspreet Kaur Grewal, Manpreet Kaur, Kousik Mandal and Virender K. Sharma
Catalysts 2022, 12(10), 1126; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101126 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1691
Abstract
The synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from agricultural waste is a promising approach for waste valorization. In the present work, CQDs were synthesized using sugarcane bagasse as a carbon precursor. The nanocomposite of CQDs with trimetallic strontium–titanium ferrite was synthesized with an [...] Read more.
The synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from agricultural waste is a promising approach for waste valorization. In the present work, CQDs were synthesized using sugarcane bagasse as a carbon precursor. The nanocomposite of CQDs with trimetallic strontium–titanium ferrite was synthesized with an ultrasonication approach. The structural, magnetic and optical features of the synthesized nanocomposite and pristine NPs were studied using different analytical techniques. The TEM micrograph of the nanocomposite reveals the distribution of CQDs (8–10 nm) along with the agglomerated ferrite NPs. To validate the results, the photocatalytic efficiency of the nanocomposite, NPs and CQDs was comparatively studied for the photodegradation of nitroaromatic pollutants viz. p-nitrophenol, martius yellow and pendimethalin under visible-light irradiation. A nanocomposite having a 2:1 w:w ratio of CQDs and Sr0.4Ti0.6Fe2O4.6 displays an excellent photocatalytic performance, with the degradation efficiency ranging from 91.2 to 97.4%, as compared with 65.0–88.3% for pristine NPs and CQDs. These results were supported by band gap and photoluminescence analyses. The promising photocatalytic potential of the nanocomposite over the pristine CQDs and ferrite NPs could be ascribed to the increased specific-surface area (101.3 m2/g), lowering in band gap coupled with fluorescence-quenching which facilitated the transfer of photoinduced charge carriers. The impact of parameters affecting the photocatalytic process viz. pH, catalyst dose and contact time was also investigated. On the basis of quenching and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) studies, plausible degradation pathways were proposed. The results highlight the broad potential of designing substituted ferrite-CQDs-based nanocomposites as reusable and visible-light-driven photocatalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials)
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Review

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17 pages, 1183 KiB  
Review
Kinetic Modeling of Glycerol Hydrogenolysis: A Short Review
by Yangzi Liu, Jiayu Liu, Zhihao Xing, Xueqian Zhang, Chen Luo, Wenjuan Yan and Xin Jin
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010023 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2337
Abstract
Glycerol hydrogenolysis represents one of the most promising technologies for future bio-refineries. In this context, kinetic modeling provides key quantitative assessment of the significance of various reactions for process development. However, as of present, there are only limited studies on detailed kinetic modeling [...] Read more.
Glycerol hydrogenolysis represents one of the most promising technologies for future bio-refineries. In this context, kinetic modeling provides key quantitative assessment of the significance of various reactions for process development. However, as of present, there are only limited studies on detailed kinetic modeling of glycerol conversion to 1,2-propanediol, ethylene glycol and other alcoholic products. In this work, a comprehensive summary on kinetic modeling of glycerol hydrogenolysis has been conducted to reveal the possible mechanism involved in the activation of the C-H and C-O bond in glycerol molecules. In particular, power law and Langmuir–Hinshelwood model types have been critically discussed with mechanistic insights. The outcome of this review article will offer alternative views on the scale-up design of glycerol hydrogenolysis to glycols, as well as hydrogenolysis of various other bio-derived compounds to value-added chemicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials)
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36 pages, 10270 KiB  
Review
Biomass-Derived Carbon Materials in Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Step towards Sustainable Future
by Apoorva Shetty, Vandana Molahalli, Aman Sharma and Gurumurthy Hegde
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010020 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3293
Abstract
Biomass-derived carbons are emerging materials with a wide range of catalytic properties, such as large surface area and porosity, which make them ideal candidates to be used as heterogeneous catalysts and catalytic supports. Their unique physical and chemical properties, such as their tunable [...] Read more.
Biomass-derived carbons are emerging materials with a wide range of catalytic properties, such as large surface area and porosity, which make them ideal candidates to be used as heterogeneous catalysts and catalytic supports. Their unique physical and chemical properties, such as their tunable surface, chemical inertness, and hydrophobicity, along with being environmentally friendly and cost effective, give them an edge over other catalysts. The biomass-derived carbon materials are compatible with a wide range of reactions including organic transformations, electrocatalytic reactions, and photocatalytic reactions. This review discusses the uses of materials produced from biomass in the realm of heterogeneous catalysis, highlighting the different types of carbon materials derived from biomass that are potential catalysts, and the importance and unique properties of heterogeneous catalysts with different preparation methods are summarized. Furthermore, this review article presents the relevant work carried out in recent years where unique biomass-derived materials are used as heterogeneous catalysts and their contribution to the field of catalysis. The challenges and potential prospects of heterogeneous catalysis are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials)
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30 pages, 2586 KiB  
Review
Mesoporous Carbon-Based Materials: A Review of Synthesis, Modification, and Applications
by Shahram Mehdipour-Ataei and Elham Aram
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010002 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3925
Abstract
Mesoporous carbon materials have attracted both academic and industrial interests because of their outstanding physical and chemical properties, such as high surface area, large pore-volume, good thermostability, improved mass transport, and diffusion. Mesoporous carbon materials with various pore sizes and pore structures can [...] Read more.
Mesoporous carbon materials have attracted both academic and industrial interests because of their outstanding physical and chemical properties, such as high surface area, large pore-volume, good thermostability, improved mass transport, and diffusion. Mesoporous carbon materials with various pore sizes and pore structures can be synthesized via different methods. Their unique properties have made them a suitable choice for various applications, such as energy-storage batteries, supercapacitors, biosensors, fuel cells, adsorption/separation of various molecules, catalysts/catalyst support, enzyme immobilization, and drug delivery, in different fields. This review covers the fabrication techniques of mesoporous carbon structures and their typical applications in various fields and features a brief introduction of the functionalization and modification of mesoporous carbons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Catalytic Application of Porous Carbon Materials)
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