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Catalysts
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Catalytic Annulation Reactions
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Catalytic Annulation Reactions

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis in Organic and Polymer Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 14053

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Lianghua Zou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: metal catalysis; heterocycle synthesis; annulation reactions; methodologies; medicinal chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xiaofeng Xia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: metal catalysis; heterocycle synthesis; annulation reactions; methodologies; photocatalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Annulation reactions represent a class of reactions that play an important role in the construction of structurally complex and valuable molecules. Dating back to more than one century ago, a lot of named annulation reactions have been found, such as Robinson annulation reaction, Nazarov annulation reaction, and Pschorr annulation reaction. Recently, significant efforts have focused on the development of annulation reactions. We believe that novel annulation reactions are of significant interest and must be explored further. Therefore, we would like to organize a Special Issue on catalytic annulation reactions.

We invite the scientific community to submit their contributions in the form of original research articles or review articles that describe novel catalytic and biocatalytic processes and green synthesis in the area of annulation reactions. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Synthetic methodologies in annulation reactions;
  • Application of annulation reactions.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Lianghua Zou
Dr. Xiaofeng Xia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • annulation reactions
  • quinolines
  • heterocycle synthesis
  • metal catalysis
  • methodologies

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Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1414 KiB  
Article
Efficient Synthesis of 2-Aminoquinazoline Derivatives via Acid-Mediated [4+2] Annulation of N-Benzyl Cyanamides
by Zhao-Yi Qin, Chen-Xi Sun, Wen-Wen Zhang, Jun-Ru Li, Yin-Xiang Gong, Wen-Ming Shu and An-Xin Wu
Catalysts 2023, 13(11), 1447; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13111447 - 17 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1263
Abstract
The synthesis of 2-aminoquinazoline derivatives is achieved by using hydrochloric acid as a mediator in the [4+2] annulation reaction between N-benzyl cyanamides and 2-amino aryl ketones. In addition, 2-amino-4-iminoquinazolines are synthesized by the reaction of 2-aminobenzonitriles, instead of 2-amino aryl ketones, with [...] Read more.
The synthesis of 2-aminoquinazoline derivatives is achieved by using hydrochloric acid as a mediator in the [4+2] annulation reaction between N-benzyl cyanamides and 2-amino aryl ketones. In addition, 2-amino-4-iminoquinazolines are synthesized by the reaction of 2-aminobenzonitriles, instead of 2-amino aryl ketones, with N-benzyl cyanamides. A wide range of substrates can be used and high yields are obtained, demonstrating the practicality of this method for the synthesis of 2-aminoquinazoline derivatives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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16 pages, 5354 KiB  
Article
Recyclable Ni-Containing Coordination Polymer as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Oxindole and Quinoline Derivatives through the Borrowing Hydrogen Strategy
by Jiahao Li, Jiajie Tang, Likui Wang, Dawei Wang and Zheng-Chao Duan
Catalysts 2023, 13(8), 1195; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13081195 - 9 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1287
Abstract
A coordination polymer Ni-CIA has been designed, synthesized, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The resulting polymer reveals a slice [...] Read more.
A coordination polymer Ni-CIA has been designed, synthesized, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The resulting polymer reveals a slice layer stacked combination structure and good stability. Importantly, this polymer exhibited high catalytic activity for the synthesis of oxindole and quinoline derivatives via borrowing hydrogen and dehydrogenation reactions. Meanwhile, several control reactions were carried out to investigate the possible mechanisms of this transformation. Finally, the results of the recycling experiment indicate that the coordination polymer Ni-CIA could be recovered and reused at least five times. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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16 pages, 1830 KiB  
Article
A Cascade Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Furanized Triarylmethanes via Gold Self-Relay Catalysis
by Qian Rao, Yan Zhang, Xin-Yu Gu, Yin-Ping Liu, Bo Jiang and Wen-Juan Hao
Catalysts 2023, 13(7), 1051; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13071051 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1777
Abstract
In this paper, A new gold self-relay catalysis enabling intramolecular annulation and intermolecular Michael addition of 3-yne-1,2-diols with aurone-derived azadienes (or para-quinone methides) is reported, efficiently furnishing a range of unsymmetrical furanized triarylmethanes with substituent diversity in good yields. The overall process [...] Read more.
In this paper, A new gold self-relay catalysis enabling intramolecular annulation and intermolecular Michael addition of 3-yne-1,2-diols with aurone-derived azadienes (or para-quinone methides) is reported, efficiently furnishing a range of unsymmetrical furanized triarylmethanes with substituent diversity in good yields. The overall process was governed by the π- and σ-Lewis acid capability of gold complexes, providing a catalytic strategy for constructing triarylmethane skeletons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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16 pages, 2323 KiB  
Article
Transition Metal-Free Synthesis of 3-Acylquinolines through Formal [4+2] Annulation of Anthranils and Enaminones
by Kai-Ling Zhang, Jia-Cheng Yang, Qin Guo and Liang-Hua Zou
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 778; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040778 - 20 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2030
Abstract
A transition metal-free protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 3-acyl quinolines through aza-Michael addition and intramolecular annulation of enaminones with anthranils. Both methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and NaI play an important role in the reaction. This ring-opening/reconstruction strategy features easy operation, high [...] Read more.
A transition metal-free protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 3-acyl quinolines through aza-Michael addition and intramolecular annulation of enaminones with anthranils. Both methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and NaI play an important role in the reaction. This ring-opening/reconstruction strategy features easy operation, high yields, broad substrate scope and excellent efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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Scheme 1

13 pages, 7456 KiB  
Article
One-Pot Synthesis of Benzoxazole/Benzothiazole-Substituted Esters by Michael Addition: A Selective Construction of C-N/C-S Bonds
by Zhi-Ying Gong, Cheng-Li Yang, Dan Wang, Lang Huang and Zhi-Bing Dong
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040658 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1982
Abstract
An efficient and convenient synthesis of benzoxazole/benzothiazole-substituted esters in a one-pot strategy is reported. In this investigation, a selective construction of C-N and C-S bonds via simple addition is performed. Thus, using substituted 2-aminophenols/2-aminobenzenethiols, TMTD (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) and α,β-unsaturated esters [...] Read more.
An efficient and convenient synthesis of benzoxazole/benzothiazole-substituted esters in a one-pot strategy is reported. In this investigation, a selective construction of C-N and C-S bonds via simple addition is performed. Thus, using substituted 2-aminophenols/2-aminobenzenethiols, TMTD (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) and α,β-unsaturated esters as starting substrates, C-N and C-S bonds can be selectively constructed by means of the Michael addition reaction. This protocol features high selectivity, high atomic economy, mild conditions, good functional tolerance and good to excellent yields, showing the potential value for the preparation of some biologically and pharmaceutically active compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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14 pages, 1700 KiB  
Article
Four-Component Synthesis of 9H-Pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles Using Ammonium Iodide as the Nitrogen Source
by Yufeng Chen, Ruitong Yang, Fuhong Xiao, Tong Li, Guojiang Mao and Guo-Jun Deng
Catalysts 2023, 13(3), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13030623 - 20 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1554
Abstract
A four-component synthesis of 2-phenyl-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles was developed using indole-3-carboxaldehydes, aromatic aldehyde and ammonium iodide as the raw materials under transition-metal-free conditions. The pyrimidine ring was formed in one pot through [4 + 2] annulation reaction. Four C–N bonds were [...] Read more.
A four-component synthesis of 2-phenyl-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles was developed using indole-3-carboxaldehydes, aromatic aldehyde and ammonium iodide as the raw materials under transition-metal-free conditions. The pyrimidine ring was formed in one pot through [4 + 2] annulation reaction. Four C–N bonds were formed in one pot promoted by iodine and iodide additives. This work is highlighted by using two ammonium iodides as the sole nitrogen source. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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Review

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36 pages, 11005 KiB  
Review
Recent Approaches in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Chalcogenative Heteroannulation of Alkenes and Alkynes
by Elba L. Gutterres, Thiago Anjos, Felipe B. Santos, Pamela T. Bandeira, Filipe Penteado and Ricardo F. Schumacher
Catalysts 2023, 13(9), 1300; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13091300 - 16 Sep 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1480
Abstract
Organochalcogen-bearing heterocycles are important scaffolds in compounds under the spotlight of scientific interest in optoelectronic fields and for biological applications. The use of transition metals has been a versatile and reliable way to carry out the synthesis of these molecules efficiently, delivering products [...] Read more.
Organochalcogen-bearing heterocycles are important scaffolds in compounds under the spotlight of scientific interest in optoelectronic fields and for biological applications. The use of transition metals has been a versatile and reliable way to carry out the synthesis of these molecules efficiently, delivering products in high yields and with a wide functional diversity. In the last 10 years, many classes of heterocycles have been synthesized under the cyclization reaction of acyclic alkenes and alkynes with the incorporation of a chalcogen atom on its structure. Transition metal catalysts including Cu, Co, Pd, Ni, In, Ag, and Fe salts have been used in the development of new methodologies, the expansion of substrate scope, and mechanistic studies. This review provides an overview of these recent approaches with the aim of being a useful resource for interested researchers in this area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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Scheme 1

39 pages, 10235 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances for the Synthesis of Dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones via Catalytic Annulation of α,β-Unsaturated N-Arylamides
by Yan-Ning Niu, Lin-Shuang Tian, Huai-Zhong Lv and Ping-Gui Li
Catalysts 2023, 13(7), 1105; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13071105 - 15 Jul 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1954
Abstract
Dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones (DHQOs) represent a class of valuable bioactive compounds with six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structures. The development of simple, mild, and efficient synthetic methods has been widely considered by synthetic chemists. In this review, we have summarized a series of different synthetic [...] Read more.
Dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones (DHQOs) represent a class of valuable bioactive compounds with six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structures. The development of simple, mild, and efficient synthetic methods has been widely considered by synthetic chemists. In this review, we have summarized a series of different synthetic strategies for the synthesis of DHQOs via the catalytic annulation of α,β-unsaturated N-arylamides in the past decade, including covering electrophilic cyclization, radical initiated cyclization, and photochemical cyclization reactions. Additionally, the substrate scope and mechanistic details are also discussed. This paper provides a useful reference for the development of diverse synthesis methodologies of DHQO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Annulation Reactions)
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