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Cancers
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Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
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Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Current Knowledge and Perspectives

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 November 2025 | Viewed by 1178

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Katie S. Murray

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA
Interests: bladder cancer; urothelial cell carcinoma; upper tract cancer; transitional cell carcinoma
Dr. Saum Ghodoussipour

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Urology, Section of Urologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, 195 Albany St., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
Interests: bladder cancer; urothelial cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are very familiar with urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC), but there has been growing interest in the rarity of UCC that occurs in the upper urinary tract. There have been new guidelines created for this disease space and even growing evidence for treatment regimens. The growth of research and even clinical trials in this disease space continues to enhance the ability of physicians and surgeons to provide the best personalized care for patients. It is important that clinicians are aware of ongoing research and publications within rare disease states such as upper tract urothelial cell carcinoma (UTUC), so we are working on this Special Issue based on just that. We welcome your proposals and research on this topic. 

Dr. Katie S. Murray
Dr. Saum Ghodoussipour
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • upper tract urothelial carcinoma
  • upper tract disease
  • urothelial cell carcinoma

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2616 KiB  
Article
Preoperative Computed Tomography-Based Prediction and Patterns of Lymph Node Metastasis in Renal Pelvis and Ureteral Urothelial Carcinomas
by Soojung Park, Deuk Jae Sung, Kyung Sook Yang, Yeo Eun Han, Ki Choon Sim, Na Yeon Han, Beom Jin Park and Min Ju Kim
Cancers 2025, 17(7), 1180; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17071180 - 31 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: The accurate preoperative prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis is essential to optimizing surgical management in renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma (RPUC) and ureteral urothelial carcinoma (UUC). This study evaluates the predictive value of preoperative computed tomography (CT) findings in detecting LN metastasis [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The accurate preoperative prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis is essential to optimizing surgical management in renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma (RPUC) and ureteral urothelial carcinoma (UUC). This study evaluates the predictive value of preoperative computed tomography (CT) findings in detecting LN metastasis and determining primary metastatic LN location based on the tumor site. Methods: This retrospective study included 48 RPUC and 97 UUC patients who underwent surgery with lymph node dissection (LND) between 2005 and 2023. Preoperative CT images were assessed for tumor size, location, multifocality, peritumoral fat infiltration, hydronephrosis grade, LN status, and metastatic LN location. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses identified predictive factors for LN metastasis, while Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests determined the association between locations of LN metastasis and primary tumor sites after categorizing UUC into upper and lower UUC. Results: In RPUC, 13 of 48 patients had LN metastasis, with tumor size and peritumoral fat infiltration emerging as significant predictors (p < 0.05). In UUC, 39 of 97 patients had LN metastasis, with tumor size and hydronephrosis grade being significant predictors (p < 0.001). An optimal tumor size threshold of 4 cm was identified for predicting LN metastasis in UUC, and 4.4 cm for RPUC. Additionally, a hydronephrosis grade of 3 or higher was found to be a strong predictor in UUC. ROC analysis showed high accuracy, yielding an AUC of 0.907 in RPUC and 0.904 in UUC. Cross-validation supported the robustness of these findings. Primary LN metastatic sites were predominantly ipsilateral hilar nodes in RPUC and ipsilateral pelvic nodes in lower UUC (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Preoperative CT imaging provides a reliable, noninvasive tool for predicting LN metastasis in RPUC and UUC. Identifying key imaging-based predictors can facilitate risk stratification and surgical decision-making, particularly regarding the necessity and extent of LND. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Current Knowledge and Perspectives)
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Review

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15 pages, 3209 KiB  
Review
New Insights into Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Lessons Learned from the ROBUUST Collaborative Study
by Arianna Biasatti, Gabriele Bignante, Francesco Ditonno, Alessandro Veccia, Riccardo Bertolo, Alessandro Antonelli, Randall Lee, Daniel D. Eun, Vitaly Margulis, Firas Abdollah, Takashi Yoshida, Ithaar H. Derweesh, Margaret F. Meagher, Giuseppe Simone, Gabriele Tuderti, Eugenio Bologna, Reza Mehrazin, Soroush Rais-Bahrami, Chandru P. Sundaram, Courtney Yong, Andrea Minervini, Andrea Mari, Luca Lambertini, Matteo Ferro, Nirmish Singla, Savio D. Pandolfo, Daniele Amparore, Enrico Checcucci, Mark L. Gonzalgo, James R. Porter, Alireza Ghoreifi, Roberto Contieri, Sisto Perdonà, Francesco Porpiglia, Hooman Djaladat, Saum Ghodoussipour and Riccardo Autorinoadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Cancers 2025, 17(10), 1668; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17101668 - 15 May 2025
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Abstract
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare malignancy, representing only 5–10% of urothelial carcinoma. The mainstay of treatment for high-risk patients is radical nephroureterectomy. Given the aggressive behavior of this disease, additional treatments could be required perioperatively in terms of chemotherapy (CHT), [...] Read more.
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare malignancy, representing only 5–10% of urothelial carcinoma. The mainstay of treatment for high-risk patients is radical nephroureterectomy. Given the aggressive behavior of this disease, additional treatments could be required perioperatively in terms of chemotherapy (CHT), either in a neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting. On the other hand, low-risk and selected cases can be managed with kidney-sparing surgery (KSS). The ROBotic surgery for Upper tract Urothelial cancer STudy (ROBUUST) is an ongoing international, multicenter registry of patients undergoing surgery for UTUC. After conducting a literature search in February 2025 using the MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Embase databases, we identified 14 studies based on the ROBUUST data analyses. There are several key topics concerning UTUC that remain under debate and were therefore addressed in these studies, focusing on preoperative evaluation and planning, surgical techniques and intraoperative procedures, additional perioperative treatments, and outcomes. The ROBUUST registry has served as a valuable source for a growing body of investigations focusing on various aspects of UTUC treatment planning, decision-making, and outcomes, providing innovative tools and enabling large-scale, novel analyses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Current Knowledge and Perspectives)
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