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Cancers
Special Issues
Prevention, Screening and Early Detection of Cancer
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Prevention, Screening and Early Detection of Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Causes, Screening and Diagnosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2025 | Viewed by 3764

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Nadir Arber

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
Interests: liquid biopsy; cancer; screening; prevention; early detection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Shiran Shapira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
Interests: liquid biopsy; cancer; screening; prevention; early detection; antibody engineering, gene therapy, exosomes, drug development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, there have been major advancements in understanding cancer in the fields of pathophysiology, pathology, tumor genetic, targeted therapy and precision medicine. Yet, by all means, the best therapy of cancer is prevention or at least screening and early detection. Prevention focuses on lifestyle modifications and risk factor reduction, such as avoiding tobacco, limiting alcohol, maintaining a healthy diet and protecting against harmful UV radiation. Screening involves testing asymptomatic individuals for early signs of cancer, allowing for timely intervention before the disease progresses. This Special Issue will focus on innovative research and advancements aimed at improving cancer outcomes through early diagnosis and preventive strategies. It will highlight the importance of screening tools and programs, biomarkers, imaging techniques and genetic tools in identifying cancers at their earliest, most treatable stages. This Special Issue also explores risk assessment methods, lifestyle modifications and public health initiatives to prevent cancer development.

Prof. Dr. Nadir Arber
Dr. Shiran Shapira
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer prevention
  • screening
  • early detection
  • risk factors
  • lifestyle modification
  • biomarkers
  • genetic testing
  • lifestyle interventions
  • cancer risk factors
  • liquid biopsy
  • pan-cancer screening tests

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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21 pages, 12176 KiB  
Article
Lymph Node Reporting and Data System (LN-RADS)—Retrospective Evaluation for Ultrasound Classification of Superficial Lymph Nodes
by Cezary Chudobiński, Katarzyna Pasicz, Małgorzata Hanke, Adam Kaczmarek, Mateusz Pajdziński, Agnieszka Kołacińska-Wow, Leszek Gottwald, Wojciech Kuncman, Michał Podgórski and Andrzej Cieszanowski
Cancers 2025, 17(12), 2030; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17122030 - 18 Jun 2025
Viewed by 613
Abstract
Introduction: The evaluation of lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with suspected oncological disease is a crucial factor influencing further diagnostics and management. However, there is a lack of a dedicated system for the precise and comprehensive assessment of LNs. To address this gap, [...] Read more.
Introduction: The evaluation of lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with suspected oncological disease is a crucial factor influencing further diagnostics and management. However, there is a lack of a dedicated system for the precise and comprehensive assessment of LNs. To address this gap, we developed the Lymph Node Reporting and Data System (LN-RADS). Methods: This retrospective multiparametric analysis included the assessment of 719 LNs in 489 patients. The images were evaluated by three radiologists using the LN-RADS scale, assigning each case to one of six group: 1 (normal), 2 (steatotic), 3 (reactive), 4a (low suspicion of malignancy) vs. 4b (high suspicion of malignancy), and 5 (definitely malignant) and were then correlated with histopathological results. The diagnostic performance of LN-RADS was validated. The analysis of 12 morphological features of LNs was performed to identify predictors of malignancy. Results: Histopathological analysis confirmed 389 malignant and 330 benign LNs. LN-RADS achieved 89% sensitivity, 85% specificity, and 87% accuracy in the diagnosis of malignant LN. The observed risk of malignancy by group was 0% for LN-RADS 1, 0% for LN-RADS 2, 2% for LN-RADS 3, 31% for LN-RADS 4a, 77% for LN-RADS 4b, and 97% for LN-RADS 5. Cohen’s kappa statistic indicated substantial inter-reader agreement. Among the evaluated features, the strongest predictor of malignancy was the cortex thickness diameter, with a threshold value of ≥6 mm (82% accuracy; AUC = 0.894). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the high efficacy of the LN-RADS system in distinguishing between benign and malignant lymph nodes and in stratifying malignancy risk. It also showed substantial inter-rater agreement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Screening and Early Detection of Cancer)
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13 pages, 2087 KiB  
Article
The Diagnostic Accuracy of the Paris System for Reporting Upper Urinary Tract Cytology: The Atypical Urothelial Cell Conundrum
by Mohamed A. Mansour, Luka Ozretić and Soha El Sheikh
Cancers 2025, 17(7), 1097; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17071097 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 613
Abstract
Background: The diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in cytological specimens is challenging, particularly the designation of atypical urothelial cells (AUC). The application of the Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) has improved the performance of lower tract urothelial carcinoma [...] Read more.
Background: The diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in cytological specimens is challenging, particularly the designation of atypical urothelial cells (AUC). The application of the Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) has improved the performance of lower tract urothelial carcinoma specimens but has shown variable results in upper tract specimens, which are frequently instrumented. Methods: This retrospective study analysed upper tract selective cytology samples from January to December 2023. Samples were classified under TPS 2.0 categories. Histological specimens were used where available as the gold standard to calculate statistical metrics including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: Out of 122 samples, 12.2% were considered non-diagnostic or insufficient, with 13.1% designated as Non-high-grade urothelial carcinoma (N-HGUC), 53.3% as atypical urothelial cells (AUC) and 21.3% as positive/suspicious for HGUC. Histopathological correlation was available for 48.7% of cases. The risk of malignancy was: NHGUC (0%), AUC (47%) and HGUC (77.7%). The highest PPV was for HGUC (78%), with a diagnostic accuracy of 81.3% and specificity of 88%. In contrast, AUC had a PPV of 47% in instrumented and non-instrumented samples, rising to 58% in combination with the HGUC category. Conclusion: TPS 2.0 is an effective tool with excellent diagnostic accuracy for HGUC and in excluding malignancies in the N-HGUC category, but in our hands, the high rates of the AUC category, together with the low PPV, remain a major challenge and an obstacle to the correct stratification of patients with UTUC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Screening and Early Detection of Cancer)
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14 pages, 2078 KiB  
Article
Serum Metabolomics Study to Screen Potential Biomarkers of Lung Cancer Risk in High Natural Background Radiation Areas of Thailand: A Pilot Study
by Narongchai Autsavapromporn, Aphidet Duangya, Pitchayaponne Klunklin, Imjai Chitapanarux, Chutima Kranrod, Churdsak Jaikang, Tawachai Monum, Atchara Paemanee and Shinji Tokonami
Cancers 2024, 16(24), 4182; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16244182 - 15 Dec 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1448
Abstract
Background: Indoor radon is a significant risk factor for the development of LC. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for LC risk in high background radiation areas using a metabolomics approach (UHPLC-HRMS). Methods: Based on the indoor radon activity concentration measurements in [...] Read more.
Background: Indoor radon is a significant risk factor for the development of LC. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for LC risk in high background radiation areas using a metabolomics approach (UHPLC-HRMS). Methods: Based on the indoor radon activity concentration measurements in the Kong Khaek subdistrict, serum samples were collected from 45 nonsmoker or former smoker participants, comprising 15 LC patients and 30 matched healthy controls (low- and high-radon groups, respectively). Results: A total of 90 and 111 differential metabolites were identified in the LC group compared with the low- and high-radon groups, respectively, using criteria such as a variable importance in projection (VIP) of >1, a fold change (FC) of >1 or <0.5, and a p value of <0.05. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (an AUC of ≥ 0.9) indicated that 30 and 21 of these metabolites had the potential to serve as biomarkers of LC development in the low- and high-radon groups, respectively. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that D-sphingosine may have been a candidate biomarker associated with LC in both groups. Conclusions: Overall, this study provides new insights into metabolic biomarkers for screening LC development in high-risk individuals with prolonged exposure to indoor radon. Further large-scale studies are needed to validate our results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Screening and Early Detection of Cancer)
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Other

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12 pages, 727 KiB  
Perspective
The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Cancer Prevention
by Stuart G. Baker and Edward R. Sauter
Cancers 2025, 17(9), 1491; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17091491 - 29 Apr 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 529
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major driver of tumorigenesis, yet its role in cancer prevention has received relatively little attention. Here, we discuss studies linking the ECM to cancer initiation with an emphasis on ECM stiffness and remodeling, pericytes, and hyaluronan (hyaluronic [...] Read more.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major driver of tumorigenesis, yet its role in cancer prevention has received relatively little attention. Here, we discuss studies linking the ECM to cancer initiation with an emphasis on ECM stiffness and remodeling, pericytes, and hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid). We then share our thoughts on how an ECM viewpoint could lead to new insights and directions in cancer-prevention research. Topics discussed include mouse experiments, clinical studies, risk factors, biomarkers for risk prediction or the early detection of cancer, surrogate endpoints, and targets for preventive interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Screening and Early Detection of Cancer)
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