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Cytokine and Growth Factor Signaling at the Interface between Immune Cells and Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Cancer Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 July 2026 | Viewed by 1418

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
Interests: cytokine signaling; cancer biology; tumor immunology

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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
Interests: immunotherapy; gene and cell therapy; cytokine signaling
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cytokines and growth factors are essential intercellular messengers that orchestrate the development and homeostasis of organisms and their immune protection against pathogens and cancers. However, cytokines and growth factors can also promote carcinogenesis in multiple ways. As mediators of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, cytokines can promote cancer initiation and progression. Excessive production of cytokines and growth factors can contribute to cancer cell growth. Furthermore, amplification of cytokine/growth factor receptors and dysregulation of their signaling pathways in cancer cells can reduce their dependency on ligands and even confer ligand-independent growth potential. Blocking antibodies targeting cytokine/growth factor receptors and small-molecule inhibitors disrupting their signaling pathways are part of growing anticancer armamentarium. Cytokines can also modulate the tumor microenvironment and drive immune suppression, contributing to tumor growth. Immune cells that mediate antitumor immunity are also profoundly modulated by cytokines, and cytokines are important arsenals in boosting antitumor immunity and in developing anticancer therapies. Many cancer cell line models, implanted tumor models, chemically induced cancers, and genetically modified mouse models are used to understand the effects of cytokines and growth factors on cancer cell responses and on antitumor immune cell functions. This Special Issue aims to attract reviews and research articles on diverse aspects of cytokine signaling in cancer promotion, the development of therapeutic strategies, and the paradoxical role of cytokines in tumor immune suppression and in boosting antitumor immune responses.

Prof. Dr. Subburaj Ilangumaran
Dr. Seung-Hwan Lee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cytokines
  • growth factors
  • chemokines
  • inflammation
  • oncogenic signaling
  • cancer initiation
  • cancer progression
  • tumor microenvironment
  • cancer immune suppression
  • antitumor immunity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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27 pages, 1698 KB  
Systematic Review
Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Chemokines in Head and Neck Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Raneem Alsheikh, Deemah Assami, Dima Nasrallah, Ahmed Arabi, Ahmad Hamdan, Mohamed Ragab Elhadary, Ibrahim Elmakaty and Mohammed Imad Malki
Cancers 2026, 18(9), 1437; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18091437 - 30 Apr 2026
Viewed by 517
Abstract
Background: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) represent a global health burden, with high morbidity and mortality largely driven by late-stage diagnosis and heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Reliable biomarkers are needed to improve early detection, prognostic stratification, and therapeutic decision-making. This study evaluates the diagnostic [...] Read more.
Background: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) represent a global health burden, with high morbidity and mortality largely driven by late-stage diagnosis and heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Reliable biomarkers are needed to improve early detection, prognostic stratification, and therapeutic decision-making. This study evaluates the diagnostic and prognostic value of chemokines in HNCs and identifies candidates with clinical relevance. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on 28 March 2026 across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO. Observational studies involving patients or biological samples with confirmed HNCs were included if they evaluated chemokines as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for prognostic studies and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool for diagnostic studies. Meta-analyses were performed for chemokines evaluated in ≥3 studies using the inverse-variance heterogeneity model. Results: Forty-four studies encompassing 7294 participants were included. Prognostic findings were heterogeneous across biomarkers. MIP-3α demonstrated consistently significant associations with poorer survival outcomes. In contrast, IL-8, CXCL10, and CXCR4 showed inconsistent or predominantly non-significant associations with overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and locoregional control (LRC). For diagnostic performance, IL-8, in saliva, demonstrated relatively high sensitivity and specificity for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Chemerin showed high diagnostic accuracy, although evidence remains limited. Conclusions: Certain chemokines show potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in HNCs. However, heterogeneity across tumor types, samples, and methodologies limits evidence. Larger, well-designed studies are needed to validate their clinical utility in risk stratification and personalized management of HNCs. Full article
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