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Pulmonary Nodule and Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Clinical Treatment

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2025) | Viewed by 1122

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Guest Editor
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: cancer; advanced imaging techniques; lung cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The management and treatment of pulmonary nodules is a crucial area of research in thoracic oncology. Advancements in imaging technologies and therapeutic modalities have significantly evolved the approach to these conditions. This Special Issue, "Pulmonary Nodule and Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Clinical Treatment", provides a comprehensive overview of current best practices, emerging research, and innovative techniques.

Pulmonary nodules, often discovered incidentally during imaging for other conditions, present a diagnostic challenge. Differentiating between benign and malignant nodules is essential for clinical decision making. High-resolution computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), biopsy, and novel techniques like radiomics and AI-enhanced imaging are now crucial.

Managing solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) requires a balanced approach to minimize the risks of invasive procedures while ensuring accurate diagnosis. This Special Issue explores risk stratification models, surveillance protocols, and minimally invasive techniques for evaluating and treating SPNs. The early detection of localized lung cancer offers the potential for curative treatment. The latest advancements in surgical techniques, such as video-assisted and robotic-assisted surgery (VATS and RATS), have improved the precision and outcomes of lung cancer surgery. Additionally, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as a non-surgical option and the integration of systemic therapies in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings are critically reviewed.

This issue aims to disseminate cutting-edge research, clinical insights, and expert opinions, fostering multidisciplinary dialog to advance the field and improve patient outcomes.

Dr. Morena Fasano
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pulmonary nodules
  • localized lung cancer
  • advanced imaging techniques
  • minimally invasive surgery
  • systemic therapies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 1037 KiB  
Article
Antitumor Effect of mTOR1/2 Dual Inhibitor AZD8055 in Canine Pulmonary Carcinoma
by Tomokazu Nagashima, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Yuka Takizawa, Youta Koike, Takahiro Saito, Asumi Muramatsu, Daigo Azakami, Yukino Machida, Makoto Bonkobara, Toshiyuki Ishiwata and Masaki Michishita
Cancers 2025, 17(12), 1991; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17121991 - 14 Jun 2025
Viewed by 786
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Primary pulmonary carcinoma (PC) is a malignant neoplasm that occurs in humans, dogs, and other species. In canine PC, palliative care remains the most practical approach for dogs with inoperable PC. Methods: We investigated the effectiveness of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Primary pulmonary carcinoma (PC) is a malignant neoplasm that occurs in humans, dogs, and other species. In canine PC, palliative care remains the most practical approach for dogs with inoperable PC. Methods: We investigated the effectiveness of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors in canine lung cancer upon PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation. Three canine PC cell lines (AZACL1, AZACL2, and cPAC-1) were treated with three mTOR inhibitors (AZD8055, temsirolimus, and everolimus). In vitro, sensitivity assays were conducted to evaluate proliferation and Western blotting was used to examine pathway activation and phosphorylation of mTOR-related protein. Results: AZD8055 had a stronger inhibitory effect on cell proliferation than temsirolimus and everolimus in all three PC cell lines. The IC50 for AZD8055 in the AZACL1, AZACL2, and cPAC-1 cell lines were 23.8 μM, 95.8 nM, and 237 nM, for temsirolimus they were 34.6 μM, 11.5 μM, and 11.2 μM, and for everolims they were 36.6 μM, 33.4 μM, and 33.0 μM, respectively. Western blotting revealed PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation and differential phosphorylation of mTOR signal-related proteins across the three PC cell lines. In xenograft mice injected with the AZACL1 and AZACL2 cell lines we showed that the AZD8055-treated group exhibited a significant reduction in tumor volume via the inhibition of tumor growth compared to the control group. Conclusions: These findings reveal that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway plays a key role in canine PC and that AZD8055 may be a novel therapeutic agent for PC-bearing dogs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Nodule and Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Clinical Treatment)
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