Physical Activity Across the Lifespan: Mechanisms, Interventions and Cognitive Function

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Behavioral Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 October 2026 | Viewed by 1775

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor

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Guest Editor
Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare St, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
Interests: physical activity; physical health; child growth; cognitive functioning
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Physical activity is increasingly recognised as a potent modifiable lifestyle factor for brain health and cognitive function. This Special Issue invites high-quality contributions exploring how movement, exercise, and physical activity influence cognition and brain processes across the lifespan, in both healthy and clinical populations. We are interested in mechanistic studies (neuroplasticity, vascular adaptations, myokines/exerkines, inflammation), interventional research (acute bouts, long-term programmes, real-world movement), and translational work (implementation, dose/duration/type, moderators/mediators). Methodologically advanced designs, such as neuroimaging, wearables and ecological monitoring, and electrophysiology, and biomarker studies are particularly welcome. Lifespan perspectives from childhood/adolescence through mid-life to older adults and contexts including neurodegenerative risk, cognitive decline, and combined physical and cognitive training are encouraged. The goal is to synthesise emerging evidence, deepen mechanistic understanding, and identify pathways for applying physical activity to optimise cognitive health.

Dr. Daniele Magistro
Prof. Dr. Simon Cooper
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • physical activity
  • cognitive function
  • brain health
  • neuroplasticity
  • lifespan
  • intervention
  • sedentary behaviour
  • wearable monitoring

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

24 pages, 5034 KB  
Review
Multiscale Mechanisms of Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity: From Molecular Pathways to Network Dynamics and Behavioral Adaptation
by Xue Wang, Jun Zhang, Xiaoyu Wang, Shuren Wang, Yidan Zhang, Yupeng Yang, Xuchang Zhou, Chang Liu, Junjie Liu and Mi Zheng
Brain Sci. 2026, 16(3), 294; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16030294 - 6 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1402
Abstract
Exercise as a non-pharmacological measure is important to increase the brain plasticity hence improving cognitive performance as well as mental health. This narrative review describes in depth the hierarchical multiscale processes of neuroplasticity to exercise, including the presence of neurotrophic factor regulation, cellular [...] Read more.
Exercise as a non-pharmacological measure is important to increase the brain plasticity hence improving cognitive performance as well as mental health. This narrative review describes in depth the hierarchical multiscale processes of neuroplasticity to exercise, including the presence of neurotrophic factor regulation, cellular metabolic adaptations and neurotransmitter remodeling, up to the structure and functional reorganization of brain networks as seen through neuroimaging, and concluding with adaptive cognitive and behavioral outcomes. We further investigate the role of personal variations in genetic time and social environments in moderating the neuroplasticity of exercise. Furthermore, the review identifies the importance of combining multimodal visualization methods with computational models in generating accurate workout prescriptions and their potential of translation into clinical and educational practice. Lastly, the research problems and “grand challenges” are addressed, with a focus on the importance of exercise as a pleiotropic behavior-intervention and its general implications to the area of promoting brain health. Full article
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