Recent Advances in Hearing Impairment: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensory and Motor Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 1695

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Guest Editor
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
Interests: hearing research; inner ear immunology; ototoxicity
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hearing impairment is a common communication disorder, and is being increasingly acknowledged for its link to untreated hearing loss and dementia. Key contributors include noise exposure, aging, genetic factors, ototoxic agents, diabetes, cardiovascular issues, autoimmune diseases, and specific cancers. The most prevalent symptom is tinnitus. It is essential to stay informed about the latest developments in this evolving field.

This Special Issue aims to compile recent research on the ototoxic effects of medications and conditions associated with hearing loss and tinnitus, such as temporomandibular joint disorders, kidney diseases, and mitochondrial disorders. We look forward to papers exploring the neurobiological and molecular mechanisms leading to hearing loss and associated symptoms, new biomarkers related to hearing loss, and the relationship between stress and hearing disorders. We also invite descriptions of innovative experimental techniques for treating hearing disorders.

We encourage submissions of original research articles (both clinical and basic), case reports, and review papers, with opinion pieces accepted in certain circumstances.

Prof. Dr. Agnieszka Szczepek
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • hearing loss
  • ototoxicity
  • autoimmune disease
  • cochlear synaptopathy
  • hair cell loss
  • spiral ganglion damage
  • translational research
  • audiology
  • animal models
  • biomarkers for hearing loss

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 1168 KB  
Article
In Middle-Aged Adults, Cognitive Performance Improves After One Year of Auditory Rehabilitation with a Cochlear Implant
by Jaron Zuberbier, Agnieszka J. Szczepek and Heidi Olze
Brain Sci. 2026, 16(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16010022 - 24 Dec 2025
Viewed by 352
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hearing impairment in middle-aged adults is a significant, modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, and therapy with hearing aids or cochlear implants has been suggested to reduce this risk. However, most research on auditory rehabilitation and cognition has focused [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Hearing impairment in middle-aged adults is a significant, modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, and therapy with hearing aids or cochlear implants has been suggested to reduce this risk. However, most research on auditory rehabilitation and cognition has focused on older adults, and evidence regarding cognitive outcomes in middle-aged adults remains scarce despite this group being identified as critical for dementia prevention. Thus, this study aimed to assess cognitive skills in middle-aged hearing-impaired individuals 1 year after receiving a cochlear implant (CI) as part of auditory rehabilitation. Methods: Thirty-two patients with a mean age of 52.4 were enrolled in a prospective pre-post study. Hearing was tested using the Freiburg Monosyllable Test (FS) and the Oldenburg Inventory (OI). Cognitive performance was assessed using the WAIS-IV, operationalized through the Working Memory Index (Digit Span, Arithmetic) and Processing Speed Index (Symbol Search, Coding). Quality of life was assessed with the NCIQ, tinnitus-related distress with the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), and depressive symptoms with the ADS-L. Results: After one year, speech intelligibility (FS) improved from a median of 0 to 70.0 (Wilcoxon Z = −4.864, p < 0.001, r = −0.61), and subjective hearing from a median of 2.55 to 3.18 (Wilcoxon Z = −3.072, p = 0.002). The NCIQ score increased from 52.3 to 60.6 (Z = −3.899, p < 0.001), and tinnitus-related distress decreased from 25 to 21 (Wilcoxon Z = −2.209, p = 0.027). Depressive symptoms declined numerically, although this change did not reach statistical significance. Working memory improved from 82.0 to 89.0 (Wilcoxon Z = −4.090, p < 0.001), and processing speed from 89.5 to 95.5 (Wilcoxon Z = −2.533, p = 0.011). Before CI, WMI and PSI showed a strong correlation (ρ = 0.533, p = 0.002), and WMI correlated moderately with education level (ρ = 0.452, p = 0.012). One year after CI, correlations strengthened between PSI and NCIQ (ρ = 0.510, p = 0.006), PSI and OI (ρ = 0.400, p = 0.039), and WMI and TQ (ρ = –0.459, p = 0.021), indicating emerging associations between cognitive outcomes and auditory or psychosocial measures. Conclusions: One year of CI-based auditory rehabilitation improves auditory function, quality of life, tinnitus distress, and—critically—working memory and processing speed in middle-aged adults. These findings address a previously unfilled research gap and support the relevance of CIs for preserving cognitive health during midlife. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Hearing Impairment: 2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 1530 KB  
Article
Evaluation of Intracochlear Pressure and Fluid Distribution in 3D-Printed Artificial Cochlear Models and Human Petrous Bones
by Rayoung Kim, Matthias Schürmann, Lars-Uwe Scholtz and Ingo Todt
Brain Sci. 2025, 15(7), 771; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15070771 - 20 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1077
Abstract
Introduction: The important factor in applying substances for inner ear therapy is the atraumatic execution, as well as effective concentration uniformly distributed in all regions of the cochlea within a reasonable time frame. This study investigates whether an additional cochlear opening (“second-hole technique”) [...] Read more.
Introduction: The important factor in applying substances for inner ear therapy is the atraumatic execution, as well as effective concentration uniformly distributed in all regions of the cochlea within a reasonable time frame. This study investigates whether an additional cochlear opening (“second-hole technique”) can improve fluid distribution and reduce intracochlear pressure during dye delivery into the cochlear models and human petrous bone. Material and Methods: Three experimental setups were used: an uncoiled scala tympani model, a full-scale 3D-printed cochlear model, and a human petrous bone. In all cases, 1% methylene blue-stained saline was infused using a cochlear catheter (MED-EL, Innsbruck, Austria) through the round window. Intracochlear pressure was measured via fiberoptic pressure sensors inserted through a burr hole (artificial cochlear models) or at the lateral semicircular canal (human petrous bone). A second hole was made on the helicotrema in the inner ear models or at the oval window of the human petrous bone to examine the effect of a second hole on intracochlear pressure and fluid distribution. Dye distribution and intracochlear pressure were measured in 3D artificial models at two flow rates (0.2 and 0.4 mL/h). The intracochlear pressure were measured in the human petrous bone at a fixed rate (0.4 mL/h). Results: The use of a second hole significantly improved dye distribution in 3D models at both flow rates (p < 0.05) and led to earlier saturation-level distribution. Intracochlear pressure remained significantly lower and more stable in models with a second hole (p < 0.05). In human petrous bones, pressure fluctuation was reduced by the second hole, though pressure still increased over time. Conclusions: Using a second-hole technique leads to a faster, uniform level of dye distribution throughout the cochlear models, as well as a lower intracochlear pressure, which can be assumed to be an essential factor for hearing preservation during dye application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Hearing Impairment: 2nd Edition)
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